Articles tagged with Research and Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers from KIT and universities in Göttingen and Toronto develop machine learning methods to simulate material behavior, achieving high accuracy and speed. Hybrid methods combining machine learning and molecular mechanics are also suggested to accelerate simulations of large biomolecules.
Researchers from CRAG and IRTA identify the MYB10 genes responsible for anthocyanin production in Japanese plums, leading to a highly efficient tool for early selection of colored fruits. This breakthrough has significant implications for breeding programs, reducing time and resources needed to develop new varieties with desirable traits.
Researchers have developed a method for breaking camouflage that allows civilians and military personnel to identify hidden targets with high accuracy, even in complex scenes. The technique has been shown to be effective even when participants are given only a short viewing time.
Researchers analyzed thermal discomfort index levels across Saudi Arabia and neighboring regions to combat heat stress and discomfort. Most cities showed improvement, but Yanbu and Makkah regions had significant exceptions with increased heat-related deaths during the Hajj pilgrimage.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have created a self-sustaining intelligent microsystem using protein nanowires that can process ultralow electronic signals. The system harnesses electricity from the ambient environment, making it a promising development in green electronics.
Researchers at ETH Zurich developed a molecular switch that can be activated by green light from a smartwatch, producing insulin or other substances. The system uses HEK 293 cells and is linked to a gene network, which can be configured to produce specific substances.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed a model that enables drones to capture videos evoking specific emotions, such as excitement or calmness, through camera angles and flight paths.
A study published in the Strategic Management Journal finds that firms in response to increased import penetration tend to rely more on familiar knowledge in developing innovations, rather than exploring new sources of knowledge. This shift is temporarily reversed over time, positively associated with an increased likelihood of survival.
Researchers developed an analytical model to predict contaminant spreading in fractured porous media, considering geological and physical parameters. The model can help assess the risks associated with waste disposal facilities and chemical spills, enabling informed decision-making for public health and resource allocation.
A new algorithm will be developed to predict hospital readmissions for patients with COPD, using a combination of social information and clinical data. The goal is to provide personalized care management interventions and reduce early hospital readmissions.
Scientists have developed a new process to integrate special dyes into electric motor insulation, allowing for early detection of degradation. This could lead to reduced motor replacements and improved efficiency in electric vehicles.
A recent study published in The BMJ analyzed global data from over 303,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, highlighting significant heterogeneity in drug therapy choice. Adjunctive therapies, such as corticosteroids and anti-cytokines, emerged as popular forms of management for supportive care.
The RIO Journal has published over 300 research outcomes since its launch in 2016, including early ideas, grant proposals, data management plans, and project reports. These non-traditional publications have shown significant engagement and societal impact, with authors mapping their articles to the Sustainable Development Goals.
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University developed Segcache, a system that improves cache efficiency by up to 60% by grouping similar items and removing expired ones. The system was tested on Twitter's production system and has been incorporated into its infrastructure.
Marshall University prof Brandon J. Henderson receives $1.8 million NIH grant to study vaping nicotine addiction in adolescents. The research aims to understand how e-cigarettes alter neurobiology and trigger nicotine addiction.
A research team at Washington State University has developed an improved computational method to detect improper gerrymandering using the open source tool GerryChain. The tool creates a pool of alternate maps that meet legal voting criteria, allowing observers to detect extreme outliers and identify potential partisan goals.
Research at NTNU found that gender differences in jealousy start as early as the early 20s, but this study revealed they appear even earlier, around age 16. The results showed men reacting more negatively to sex, while women react to love and feelings.
Researchers stabilized electrochemical interfaces using boron Lewis acids, resulting in ultralow leak current and improved cyclic stability. The study demonstrates potential for designing high-performance boron-doped carbon materials towards energy storage applications.
Researchers at Osaka University and JOANNEUM RESEARCH developed ultrathin self-powered e-health patches that can monitor a user's pulse and blood pressure. The patches use embedded piezoelectric nanogenerators to harness biomechanical energy, enabling wireless health monitoring without the need for wires or batteries.
A new study from the VA, Regenstrief Institute, and IUPUI analyzed healthcare utilization among TBI patients and found that a quarter were super-utilizers. The research also identified disparities in care based on health insurance and residency status.
Researchers at POSTECH developed an ultra-compact wearable gas sensor that detects toxic gases and displays a holographic alarm. The sensor uses metasurface technology to provide immediate visual notification without relying on external mechanical or electronic devices.
Researchers have developed an algorithm to identify features of male zebra finch songs underpinning the distinction between courtship and non-courtship contexts. The study suggests a potential for 'bottom-up' approaches to drive discovery in vocal communication, uncovering previously unidentified features.
Researchers at the Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD) presented their latest findings on various child development topics. Key presentations include discussions on how COVID-19 has altered screen use among children and strategies to promote social justice in developmental science.
Researchers create ab initio NAMD method to investigate spin-valley exciton dynamics in MoS2, revealing e-h exchange interaction plays a crucial role. The new method provides a powerful tool for studying exciton relaxation, lifetime, dissociation, and defect interactions in solid materials.
Scientists at CABI have confirmed the presence of the highly invasive apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in Kenya, posing a significant threat to the country's rice production. The discovery was made through DNA barcoding analyses and confirms the species' potential to spread further, highlighting the need for strict quarantine measures.
A new statistical model identifies potential superspreader cities by incorporating both connectivity between cities and their varying suitability for infection. The risk of a city becoming a superspreader increases with infection suitability only up to a certain extent, but risk increases indefinitely with increased connectivity.
The Masonic Medical Research Institute has developed a novel technique for isolating brown fat cells, which can help study the relationship between brown fat cells and other cell types. This breakthrough could lead to better understanding of diseases and generate innovative cures and treatments.
A new hyperpolarized proton MRI method has been developed by researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and the Helmholtz Institute Mainz. This technique uses parahydrogen to track biochemical processes in real-time, enabling the observation of metabolic processes without the drawbacks of existing hydrogen-based imaging methods.
A research team has developed a novel nano-micelle packaging method for delivering CRISPR/Cas9 components, allowing for efficient genome editing in the mouse brain. The optimized nano-micelles enable targeted and precise editing of genomic sequences with minimal off-target effects.
Researchers found migratory birds from Europe introduced the HPAIV H5N8 virus to Japan. The team also investigated two human anti-influenza drugs, baloxavir marboxil and peramivir, which improved survival rates in infected chickens and reduced viral amounts.
Researchers developed a new quantum theory that resolves the Gibbs paradox, a 150-year-old thermodynamic thought experiment. The study shows that even an 'ignorant' experimenter can extract work from a mixing process in a quantum system.
Researchers developed a first wearable sensor to continuously measure bilirubin, pulse rate, and blood oxygen saturation in real-time. The device aims to improve quality of phototherapy and patient outcomes in neonatal care.
Researchers developed PopDel, a program that reliably identifies large deletions in thousands of genomes simultaneously. The software outperformed existing methods, detecting rare gene variants associated with healthy lipid metabolism.
The study used thin films of PETN, grown on different surfaces, to determine how surface cleanliness affects film properties. The research team also developed a specialized setup to visualize shock waves using schlieren imaging, which revealed that gaps around the size of a human hair could stop detonations from continuing.
A recent study found that many Alexa skills have misleading privacy policies, allowing third-party developers to access users' personal information. The researchers also demonstrated that developers can change the code on the back end of skills after approval, posing a significant risk to user privacy.
Brian Zhou, Assistant Professor of Physics at Boston College, has received a $567,000 NSF CAREER Award to study the imaging of photocurrents in quantum materials. He will use this funding to develop nanoscale quantum sensors for spatially imaging flow and characterize ultrathin magnetic materials.
Researchers at KIMM developed an all-round gripper technology that can handle objects of various shapes and sizes. The gripper's soft structure allows it to perfectly match the target object contour, providing a firm grip and preventing damage.
A non-invasive electroceutical developed to detect early preterm labor and suppress uterine contractions. The device uses a donut-shaped electrode inserted into the cervix to sense signals of uterine contractions, providing a potential breakthrough in preventing premature birth.
The DOD has awarded NPS a $2.4 million grant to develop new theory and tools for understanding and preparing for future climate events that pose challenges to military operations. The project aims to advance resilience research and build tools for assessing and improving resilience across military installations.
A comprehensive genetic study in Qatar identifies genetic associations with 45 clinically relevant traits, shedding new light on the genetic architecture of clinical laboratory tests. The study highlights the importance of further research to define the genetic architecture of diseases in the Middle East region.
A Yale-led research team created a new method to track how Aedes aegypti mosquitoes move through the environment, combining genetic and environmental data. The results suggest that these mosquitoes travel through a mix of natural and human-aided dispersal, making eco-friendly control methods more crucial than ever.
The University of Central Florida is helping NASA develop thin-ply composites that are as thin as measuring tape but strong enough to support satellite payloads. These materials offer significant gains in performance over traditional metallic materials and can be rolled up, compacted and stored for long periods.
The new online tool provides a nuanced understanding of the pandemic's impact across sub-Saharan Africa, accounting for regional risk factors and varying healthcare access. The study reveals that different drivers of viral spread, such as connectivity and chronic diseases, significantly affect local outbreak trajectories.
Researchers will investigate climate-resistant oats and develop innovative products with industrial partners. The project aims to promote the health, economic, and environmental benefits of growing oats in Wales and Ireland.
A large-scale study found that innovative companies experienced 1.95% higher yearly growth in profitability compared to non-innovative firms. The study highlights the significant financial benefits of innovation for companies, supporting job creation and economic growth.
Heliponix, a Purdue University-affiliated startup, has won a National Science Foundation Small Business Innovation Research grant to develop and improve its in-home greenhouses. The grant will support research on multispectral photomorphogenesis in rotary aeroponic cultivation chambers.
A new data tool called SafeNET can rapidly predict mortality for patients facing transfer between hospitals, helping physicians, patients, and families make informed decisions. The tool analyzes patient demographics, vital signs, lab tests, and other factors to provide a predicted mortality risk in under five minutes.
Researchers at UTA have developed a technique to program 2D materials into 3D shapes, enabling new technologies for soft robotics and biomimetic manufacturing. The approach allows for the creation of complex 3D structures with doubly curved morphologies and motions, previously difficult to replicate with man-made materials.
Researchers have developed a prototype backpack that reduces load weights by 20% while harvesting energy from human movements to power small electronics. The backpack incorporates elastomers for shock absorption and a triboelectric nanogenerators to convert mechanical energy into electricity, achieving 14% efficiency.
A Wayne State University research team is developing an artificial intelligence (AI) model to help identify severe SARS-CoV-2 illness in children. The project aims to predict disease severity and risk stratify patients, enabling early detection and timely intervention.
A recent study published in Nature Communications has uncovered the biomedical basis of the Barker hypothesis, which suggests that infants with low birth weight are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and kidney disorders. The research team discovered that fetuin-A, a serum protein, plays a crucial role in fetal protective mec...
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a multi-functional separator to trap moisture and impurities in lithium-ion batteries. This breakthrough allows for battery assembly in ambient air, reducing costs and improving performance, with excellent heat resistance and electrochemical stability demonstrated.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that patients with COVID-19 are twice as likely to die when ICU capacity is strained during peak caseloads. The research team analyzed data from 8,516 COVID-19 patients and found a significant association between ICU patient load and demand and increased mortality rates.
UMass Amherst researchers create materials that harness environmental energy to propel themselves, offering a sustainable solution for industries like robotics and toys. The discovery builds on natural phenomena like plant springs and animal movements.
Assistant Professor Chenyun Pan is exploring alternative materials and geometric structures to enhance efficiency in intermediate-length interconnects. His research aims to alleviate the limitations of traditional copper-based interconnects and deliver improved chip performance.
Researchers at ETRI developed a software that can accurately predict the level of VR sickness based on artificial intelligence technology. The technology analyzes the correlation between VR elements and sickness using machine learning and biomarker pattern detection.
The SUTD research team has developed a novel shape memory polymer resist for 4D printing, enabling submicron dimensions comparable to visible light wavelengths. This breakthrough allows for the exploration of new applications in nanophotonics and enables the creation of tunable photonic devices.
A new study from Cornell University and UC San Diego finds that international STEM doctoral students graduating from US universities face a complex and inefficient path to permanent residency, with most following a guest worker visa before obtaining a green card. The researchers argue that this process should be treated differently due...
The research team developed a fast and affordable quantum random number generator, beating all previous records with a speed of 8.05 gigabits per second. This device has promising potential for commercial applications in cryptography and complex systems modeling.
Researchers developed an in vitro and computational model-based approach to identify chemicals affecting male reproductive health without animal tests. The method predicts exposure of fetuses to harmful substances, showing promising results compared to traditional animal tests.