Researchers at UC Riverside identified a cortical region in mice that transforms sensory input into movement, opening new directions for studying sensory-motor transformations. The discovery could lead to targeted therapy for patients with sensory- and motor-related brain deficits.
Researchers discovered that the RPS-12 protein triggers triple-negative breast cancer and possibly other malignancies by activating an important signaling pathway. The protein's overproduction also leads to developmental abnormalities in fruit fly eyes.
A new University of Michigan study found that verbal reasoning can have both positive and negative outcomes on children's emotional development. While it promoted prosocial behavior, it also increased aggression and distraction. Positive discipline methods like providing structure and open communication are recommended instead.
Researchers at Aarhus University are developing a new type of battery that can be recharged in just six minutes and has a range of 350 kilometres. The goal is for the battery to have a lifespan of at least 20 years and be virtually maintenance-free.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology produced and characterized novel organic molecules with a long helical structure, revealing special interactions between coils that can exhibit interesting optical and chemical properties. The longer compounds also displayed face-to-face stabilizing interactions between different helical lay...
A study found that Black and Hispanic children are less likely to undergo medical imaging tests compared to White children. The disparity is attributed to both unnecessary testing in White children and underuse in minority children, potentially due to implicit bias among providers.
The Autonomous Vehicle Assistant (AVA) smartphone app provides navigational assistance for people with disabilities and seniors to use self-driving cars. The app offers a multisensory interface, GPS technology, real-time computer vision, and artificial intelligence to support navigation and vehicle access.
A new study from the University of East Anglia suggests that genetic testing before prescribing common medicines could benefit four million UK patients annually, leading to better patient outcomes and reduced hospital visits. The testing process is simple and cost-effective, making it a promising technology for the NHS.
Researchers investigate photonics as a solution to develop fast and energy-efficient computing systems inspired by the human brain. By mimicking biological processing systems, they aim to reduce energy losses and improve processor speeds.
Researchers have completed a multi-level hydrological tracking of the Yangtze River to investigate cloud formation during the intense mei-yu rainy season. The effort will enable more accurate forecasts of this key meteorological phenomenon in East Asia.
A team of researchers found that immature beta-cells can contribute to proper insulin release when paired with more mature counterparts. By balancing the proportion of 'weak' and 'strong' beta-cells, islet function can be restored under conditions of metabolic stress.
A recent US study reveals that heterosexual men are the most passionate sports fans, with 60% of participants identifying as enthusiastic. However, women and members of the LGBTQ+ community also show a strong interest in sports, with 40% of heterosexual women and 30% of gay men reporting similar enthusiasm.
A new study found that mobile apps with artificial intelligence improve the health status of migrants by 5.3%, while also increasing social integration by 2.7%. The study, conducted at Anglia Ruskin University, surveyed new migrants and refugees in Greece over a 10-month period.
Researchers at Newcastle University and James Cook University have created a comprehensive database of coral spawning information, spanning over 40 years. The Coral Spawning Database (CSD) provides insights into environmental cues influencing spawning timing, such as temperature and daylight patterns.
The production of post-lithium-ion batteries faces significant challenges, requiring intensive research and development activities to develop new manufacturing competences and machines. Currently, the vast majority of production capacities for alternative battery technologies, such as solid batteries or lithium-sulphur batteries, are n...
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that community and demographic factors, such as contact with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19-positive case outside the workplace and Black race, were stronger predictors of COVID-19 infection than occupational exposure among healthcare workers. The study also highlights th...
Researchers analyzed county-level data to find associations between social risk factors, demographic characteristics and COVID-19 cases and deaths. The study revealed significant links between socioeconomic factors and mortality rates, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions.
Researchers propose that human behavior, including psychological and socioeconomic factors like hunting and poaching, plays a significant role in shaping wildlife movement. The study highlights the importance of considering 'anthropogenic resistance' in connectivity-planning to ensure sustainable landscapes for both humans and wildlife.
BIOinFOOD's new test uses genetically modified brewer's yeast to detect SARS-CoV-2 presence in saliva, promising high sensitivity and speed. The test is expected to be available by mid-2021 and may use red light for easy identification.
Researchers from the Hubrecht Institute mapped the recovery of the heart after a heart attack, highlighting the importance of cardiomyocyte communication in forming scar tissue. The study provides new insights into the complex process of heart recovery, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets to improve outcomes.
Researchers found that reindeer lichens have unexpected levels of genetic diversity, indicating more gene-mixing among individuals. This contradicts the long-held assumption that these organisms mainly reproduce asexually.
Researchers found that forests dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi trees release more nitrogen gases than those associated with ectomycorrhizal fungi, negatively impacting air quality. Meanwhile, AM-associating tree roots enhance soil carbon storage by releasing protected carbon, highlighting the complexity of forest ecosystems.
Two ADAURA analyses presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer's 2020 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) Singapore support the use of Osimertinib as a new treatment strategy for patients with surgically resected, Stage IB to IIIA non-small cell lung cancer. The data show significant disease-free surviva...
A team of researchers analyzed sediment cores from the Mediterranean Sea and combined them with Earth system models to reconstruct major environmental changes in North Africa. The study reveals that rivers were active in the region thousands of years ago, driven by slight changes in Earth's orbit and polar ice sheet variations.
A recent study discovered that SORLA protein plays a crucial role in the growth of breast cancer cells in the brain and their resistance to HER2 therapy. Removing SORLA from cancer cells sensitizes them to anti-HER2 treatment, offering new possibilities for targeting drug-resistant cancers.
The invasive Prosopis juliflora tree seriously diminishes water resources in the Afar Region of Ethiopia, consuming up to 3.1-3.3 billion m3/yr and generating US$ 320 million and US$ 470 million net benefits per year. The study highlights the need for a coordinated control program to contain its spread and reduce density.
Research from Imperial College London found tropical cyclones are getting 30km closer to coastlines per decade, increasing the risk of damage and 'near-misses'. The study suggests changes in atmospheric patterns may be driving this trend, which could have profound implications for coastal communities worldwide.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences presents a computationally-based modeling approach that simulates infant language learning. The researchers found that infants do not learn consonant- and vowel-like phonetic categories, but rather learn to distinguish between speech sounds in a more nuanced way.
The AAVCOVID vaccine program has received a $2.1 million grant to support phase I clinical trials overseas, with single-dose vaccines that can be stored at room temperature for up to one month. This stability could enable distribution in regions with limited infrastructure.
A new scanless high-speed holographic fluorescence microscopy system has been developed with submicron resolution, enabling 3D sensing of nanoparticles and color-multiplexed holographic fluorescence imaging. The system achieves measurements in less than 1 millisecond using digital holography and a phase modulator.
The study reveals that methane emissions from human activities, particularly oil and gas sectors, coal mining, and ruminant farming, have led to its long-term growth. The findings highlight the need for targeted emission reduction strategies in these key sectors to mitigate climate change.
A nationwide survey conducted by UC Davis found that over a third of Americans are unlikely or hesitant to get the COVID-19 vaccine due to concerns about its safety and effectiveness. The study also identified demographic characteristics, media consumption habits, and political affiliations as factors influencing vaccination intentions.
Researchers investigating lung cancer treatment during the pandemic found that patients with lung cancer experience higher levels of psychological distress and anxiety about accessing care. The study also revealed that patient advocacy organizations face challenges in providing support due to decreased funding.
A study found that unemployment insurance and a $600 weekly federal supplement reduced food insecurity in low- and middle-income households affected by COVID-19. The research investigated the association between these programs and food insecurity among job losers.
A study by University of Iowa researchers found that administering a neuroprotective compound during pregnancy can prevent long-term neurodevelopmental problems associated with prenatal stress. The research showed that the compound, P7C3-A20, protected the developing brain from damage caused by chronic prenatal stress.
A new study estimates that methane emissions from coal mines are approximately 50 percent higher than previously calculated. Methane is about 25 times more powerful than carbon dioxide when it comes to warming the planet over a long period.
The BioNTech-Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine retains its immune protection against the B.1.1.7 viral variant, suggesting it can prevent 'escape' from vaccine-mediated protection. The study's findings support the use of mRNA-based vaccine technology for adapting to new virus strains.
Researchers found that high-dose gait training with robotic exoskeletons during acute inpatient rehabilitation can improve motor function and functional independence in stroke patients. The study demonstrated the potential of overground walking in an exoskeleton to increase therapy dose without extending rehabilitation duration.
A recent study in Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution reveals that alpine plant diversity will decrease once glaciers disappear, with up to 22% of species facing local extinction. The research highlights the 'winners' and 'losers' among plant species, with some benefiting from global warming while others will suffer.
A new study by NIH scientists reveals that prion disease affects the eye first, specifically targeting cone photoreceptor cells. The researchers used confocal microscopy to identify prion protein deposits in cones and rods, finding early damage in cilia and ribbon synapses.
Aarhus University researcher Kasper Vita Kristensen is investigating indoor air chemicals, which affect health, productivity, and learning. His project aims to identify chemical sources, processes, and technologies to create a healthier indoor climate for children.
The researchers have developed a high-precision reference sequence, JG1, constructed from the genomes of three Japanese individuals using next-generation sequencing technologies. This will enable efficient investigation of causal genetic variants for rare diseases and cancer driver genes in Japanese populations.
Glutamate signaling is crucial for enabling synaptic plasticity, a process that restructures neural networks due to learning and memory acquisition. The new study demonstrates how glutamate works across synapses to activate this switch.
Researchers at the University of Seville have solved a long-standing enigma in basic biology by discovering how lipids distribute proteins within cells. Using a new microscopy technology, they found that membrane lipids select and direct specific proteins to correct exit doors.
Researchers at Tufts University have created flexible thread-based sensors that can measure movement of the neck, providing data on direction, angle of rotation, and degree of displacement. The technology has potential implications for tracking health and performance, with applications in athletic performance, worker fatigue, physical ...
Researchers at UArizona are developing a COVID-19 testing method that uses a smartphone microscope to analyze saliva samples, delivering results in about 10 minutes. The method combines the speed of existing nasal swab antigen tests with the high accuracy of PCR tests.
Researchers at Linköping University developed a proton trap that reduces protons' impact on drug dosage accuracy. This innovation aims to minimize side effects and increase effectiveness of organic electronic ion pumps in treating neurological diseases.
This study examined the association between maternal and neonatal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody concentrations, shedding light on neonatal immunity and maternal vaccination strategies. The findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of maternal antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia developed a new gene therapy vector that produces more hemoglobin with a lower dose, minimizing toxic side effects. The vector, ALS20, was found to be significantly more effective than current vectors in treating beta-globinopathies.
A recent study by Anne-Marie Elbe and her team of researchers found that a task-oriented training climate correlated positively with young players' sense of inclusion in football teams. In contrast, a performance-oriented motivational climate was negatively associated with feelings of inclusion.
A study by Oregon Health & Science University found that firearm-related deaths among children ages 1-4 increased exponentially between 1999 and 2018, with non-Hispanic Black and White children being disproportionately affected. Nearly 90% of these incidents occurred in or near the victim's home, making them preventable.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown protein NblD in cyanobacteria that plays a crucial role in recycling nutrients during photosynthesis. The discovery highlights the importance of studying small genes and proteins, which were previously overlooked.
A new study identifies 13 emerging 'COVID-19 personality types' in humans, including Deniers, Spreaders, Harmers, and Worriers. The research highlights the importance of recognizing individual diversity to foster societal resilience and an ethical COVID-19 agenda.
Research found that black patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer are more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage and have lower chances of receiving surgery. Additionally, they experience significantly reduced cancer-specific survival rates compared to their white counterparts.
The Salk Institute's NOMIS Center is expanding its research into health and immunity thanks to a $9.5 million gift from the NOMIS Foundation. The center aims to understand how the immune system interacts with other biological processes to combat diseases such as autoimmunity, cancer, and neurodegeneration.
A new system developed by the University of Córdoba's research groups can predict levels of amygdalin in almonds and classify sweet and bitter ones on an industrial scale. The portable equipment uses Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) technology to analyze nuts quickly and non-invasively.
Researchers will use a combination of data from scientific monitoring, citizen scientists, and high-tech sensors to assess UK insect abundance and diversity. The project aims to provide definitive evidence on whether insects are declining overall and inform environmental policies to protect them.
A combination of reduced-dose radiotherapy using IMRT combined with concurrent cisplatin met the threshold for disease control and quality of life in good-risk patients with HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. This approach yields improved outcomes compared to standard treatment, with lower rates of acute toxicities.
Researchers used an 'organs-on-a-chip' system to model the influence of gut bacteria on brain health and found that short-chain fatty acids can worsen Parkinson's disease. The study suggests a link between lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the complex interactions between the gut and brain.
A study found that Medicaid expansion in 2014 NY increased maternal health, particularly for low-income and minority women. The policy intervention led to a statistically significant reduction in severe maternal morbidity.
Assistant Professor Chenyun Pan is exploring alternative materials and geometric structures to enhance efficiency in intermediate-length interconnects. His research aims to alleviate the limitations of traditional copper-based interconnects and deliver improved chip performance.
Researchers at the University of Chicago used computational simulations to understand how remdesivir works against SARS-CoV-2. They found that remdesivir binds strongly to the virus and destabilizes its protein complex, reducing replication. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanism of remdesivir and its potential for e...
Researchers at the Max Delbrück Center used advanced microscopy to determine that CXCR4 receptor on cancer cells appears in both transient pairs and alone, depending on receptor density. This knowledge may lead to more effective cancer drugs with fewer side effects.
Researchers study feldspar recycling in Yosemite National Park's Tuolumne intrusive complex to understand incremental growth processes. A new model predicts relationships between hanging-wall extension, fault slip, and fault dip for the Ragged Mountain Fault in Alaska.
Research at Carnegie Mellon University reveals that certain bacteria can change their shape in response to antibiotic exposure, enabling them to overcome stress and resume fast growth. The study demonstrates how cell shape affects bacterial reproduction and survival, providing insight into the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
Scientists studied gene expression patterns in Drosophila to understand the circadian rhythm, finding that individual flies have unique rhythms and genetic variations can affect behavior. The study also reveals genes that regulate circadian rhythms in humans, potentially impacting metabolic patterns and disease
Researchers used a novel imaging technique to study motor deficits in ALS, revealing asymmetrical movement patterns and limited capacity. The technique, called DECALF, captured three-dimensional motion of zebrafish in real-time.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism that can increase the strength and toughness of high entropy alloys, enabling applications in transportation, energy, and defense industries. The discovery opens doors to lighter, safer, and more energy-efficient materials.
A new UC Riverside study examines how people experience everyday life and its situations before and during the coronavirus pandemic. The study found that some everyday experiences suffer, such as conversation and finding new relationships, but positive feelings remain largely unchanged due to individual personality.
Researchers created potent trivalent inhibitors of thrombin from anticoagulation peptides in insect saliva, demonstrating improved efficiency over natural agents. The new agent showed 385-fold inhibition in human plasma and reduced fibrin accumulation, offering potential for efficient anticoagulation drugs.
A new technique using deep mutational scanning has identified important mutations in the MSH2 gene associated with Lynch Syndrome, a major cause of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer. This approach could improve predictive value of genetic screening for individuals at risk of developing colorectal cancer.
Researchers discovered that liquid-like proteins form condensed phases with liquid properties, similar to morning dew on a spiderweb. The phase separation is driven by a hydrodynamic instability and affects microtubule branching in cells.
Researchers will analyze federal clean energy policy and sectoral systems to enhance their impact. The study aims to provide new technologies, institutions, and business models to avert climate change's worst consequences.
Mason researchers will generate census tract-level data for criteria air pollutants using fusions of observational and computer model predictions. The US Environmental Protection Agency sets national standards based on the latest scientific understanding of these substances' impact on health and welfare.
New research reveals that marine reserves can increase fish catches by 225% and enhance the fishery, contrary to long-held skepticism. By providing a refuge for stock rebuilding and spillover into nearby waters, MPAs lead to improved catch rates.
Scientists from the University of Helsinki investigated atmospheric particle formation in the Arctic, discovering how Arctic warming and sea ice loss strengthen processes that emit different vapors to the atmosphere. This study provides crucial insights into the consequences of global warming.
A study of 186,779 discharged patients found that trauma surgeons' communication has a significant effect on overall satisfaction. Physician communication ranked as the number two factor for trauma and emergency surgery patients, with a 12% boost in satisfaction.
Researchers discovered racial and ethnic differences in diagnostic imaging for children at pediatric emergency departments in the United States. The study found that these disparities are not solely due to patient factors, but also reflect biases in healthcare providers' decision-making.
A new study from the University of Bristol suggests that vitamins D, K, and A could help combat COVID-19 by binding to the viral Spike protein. This reduces SARS-CoV-2 infectivity, while high cholesterol may enable the virus. Researchers identified potential antiviral drug candidates among approved pharmaceuticals and dietary components.
A new study led by Salk Institute scientists identified a strain of E. coli bacteria that causes female mice to neglect their offspring when living in the gut. The research reveals a direct link between the particular microbe and maternal behavior, adding to growing evidence that microbes in the gut affect brain health and development.
A new study from Michigan Medicine shows that the more disadvantaged a county's population was before the pandemic, the higher the toll of coronavirus. The Social Vulnerability Index tracked closely with COVID-19 cases and deaths per 100,000 residents in each county.
Researchers presented two radiation oncology trials that aimed to improve local tumor control in NSCLC patients. One trial found no significant difference in 2-year local-regional tumor progression-free rates between adaptive and standard radiation therapy arms, while another study demonstrated excellent local control rates with dose e...
CCNY researchers use standard web cameras to track students' eye movements and predict test scores based on educational videos. They found that attentive students have higher inter-subject correlation of eye movements, making online education adaptable to individual attention levels in real-time.
A recent study has found that women who develop high blood pressure during and after pregnancy are at a higher risk of developing chronic hypertension. The study, which followed 368 women for six to 18 months after delivery, found that nearly half of the women developed high blood pressure in the first six weeks postpartum.
Researchers found that local emissions significantly contribute to the formation of regional haze and particle growth in Beijing. The study suggests that a reduction of anthropogenic gaseous precursors can suppress particle growth, leading to haze alleviation.
A new study found that childhood trauma can increase susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and reduce responsiveness to treatment. The researchers discovered a key immune system receptor that triggers the disease progression when activated by stress hormones.
Researchers at Mainz University have developed an electrolysis process to produce dichloro and dibromo compounds from contaminated soil, reducing the need for toxic chlorine and bromine. The method is broadly applicable, easy to scale up, and can even separate chlorine atoms from banned insecticides.
A new study from the University of Southern Denmark shows that a programme of football exercises as part of school lessons can increase health knowledge in children. The programme improved health knowledge in areas such as diet, exercise, hygiene, and wellbeing for both boys and girls.
Research highlights subtle racist undertones in kidney function reporting, which may perpetuate biological basis for race. Physicians and scientists have a moral obligation to address historical practices rooted in racist ideology.
A new AI algorithm developed by Brigham and Women's Hospital can automatically measure coronary artery calcium from routine CT scans, predicting cardiovascular events like heart attacks. The system was validated in over 20,000 individuals and highly correlated with manual scores, showing promise for personalized medicine.
Researchers found that black howler monkeys remember specific locations for accessing ripe fruit and recall ripening patterns of different trees. The monkeys also use vocal warnings to defend their territories from rival troops.
A Boston University School of Public Health study reveals that receiving unemployment insurance cuts the risk of food insecurity in half, and larger supplements provide even bigger reductions. The research also highlights significant disparities in food insecurity among jobless individuals, including Indigenous and Hispanic participants.
A study by researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine found a 58% drop in meals provided to school-age children during the first three months of the pandemic. This led to an increase in food insecurity among children in need, with many likely experiencing health ramifications due to disrupted access to regular meals.
New research on fault networks, metamorphism, and sedimentary rocks provides insights into geological processes in Australia and North America. Studies analyze the evolution of complex fault systems, deformation patterns, and regional tectonics.
Researchers found that combining ipilimumab with pembrolizumab did not significantly improve overall survival or progression-free survival for patients with NSCLC. The combination was also associated with greater treatment-related adverse events.