Articles tagged with Analgesics
Researchers found that RGS9-2 promotes addiction to oxycodone in both pain-free and chronic pain states. The protein also plays a protective role against oxycodone tolerance. Understanding the mechanisms of oxycodone action can help develop new, less addictive pain management strategies.
Researchers have identified a non-addictive pathway to pain relief by targeting endocannabinoid receptors in the brain. The study suggests that selective activation of CB2 receptors can contribute to the medicinal benefits of cannabis while minimizing the risk of tolerance and withdrawal.
A recent study published in Annals of Emergency Medicine reports a case of a 6-year-old child who ingested liquid nicotine from an e-cigarette, requiring intubation and ICU admission. The patient's mother had mixed the liquid herself, resulting in a highly concentrated substance that caused severe symptoms and altered mental status.
Research suggests that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can prevent the recurrence of advanced neoplasia after polyp removal, with ibuprofen showing superior benefits over aspirin or supplements. However, the choice of NSAID should be individualized based on patient risk factors and health considerations.
A computer simulation developed by Johns Hopkins researchers helps predict the potential impact of a new short-course treatment regimen for drug-resistant tuberculosis. The model suggests that this regimen could lower MDR-TB incidence in Southeast Asia by 23% over eight years, potentially averting over 100,000 cases annually.
A Brigham and Women's Hospital study found that using ibuprofen or acetaminophen for 6 years or more increases the risk of hearing loss in women. The research analyzed data from over 54,000 women and found a modest increase in risk, with approximately 5.5% of hearing loss potentially due to pain reliever use.
Researchers identified a substance called OB-1 that suppresses neuropathic pain caused by nerve injuries or diabetes without affecting other sensations. The compound tunes down the ion channel responsible for mechanical hypersensitivity, providing a new strategy for treating painful conditions.
Researchers developed a 'biased' KOR agonist that suppresses pain and itch while avoiding common side effects like sedation and dysphoria. This breakthrough offers a promising new way to treat pain and intractable itch without the potential for abuse.
A new USC study found that taking low-dose aspirin every day can reduce the risk of heart attack, prevent some cancers, and extend life. The daily regimen is estimated to have a net health benefit worth $692 billion for the US population over 20 years.
A Cardiff University study found that regular aspirin use does not significantly increase the risk of fatal stomach bleeds. The research suggests that the benefits of aspirin in reducing heart disease and cancer deaths outweigh the risks.
A cross-sectional study found that HIV-positive patients with chronic pain did not experience significant functional interference, maintaining high activity levels. This contradicts previous assumptions and highlights the complex relationship between HIV-related pain and physical activity.
A recent study found that approximately one-third of Alzheimer's patients use prescription pain relievers, comparable to those without the disease. However, the type and frequency of analgesics used differed significantly between groups. Paracetamol was most commonly used, while anti-inflammatory medications were less frequent.
Researchers at Indiana University's Biocomplexity Institute developed a virtual model of the human liver to analyze drug absorption. The study suggests that virtual tissues models could play an important role in modern pharmacokinetics, reducing the risk of overdose from drugs like acetaminophen.
Research into kratom's unique pharmacologic properties could be stifled if the DEA proceeds with a Schedule 1 classification. The herb's active compounds, including mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, show promise in treating pain and opioid withdrawal.
A study found that adverse drug events in the US resulted in an estimated 4 ED visits per 1,000 individuals annually in 2013-2014. Anticoagulants and diabetes agents were implicated in 47% of these events, with older adults experiencing higher hospitalization rates.
A new study compared the effectiveness of opioids and NSAIDs in treating persistent pain after car crashes, finding no significant difference in pain risk but a higher likelihood of ongoing opioid use among patients prescribed opioids.
A new study found that nurse-led medicines monitoring can prevent serious adverse side effects of mental health medicines and recognize previously unnoticed health problems. The research, published in the Nursing Standard, showed that Profile-driven monitoring helped identify life-threatening issues and unmet needs in patients.
A recent study found that one-third of people initiating opioid use became long-term users, particularly those using transdermal patches. Long-term opioid use was comparable to that of non-dementia individuals, but combined with benzodiazepines, it poses a significant risk.
A new approach to solid-phase extraction of ibuprofen from pharmaceuticals has been successfully developed using zirconium dioxide as the extraction material. The procedure demonstrated efficient trapping of ibuprofen in hydrophobic suppository matrices, with recoveries of 95% and 94%, respectively.
A large clinical trial found that a combination of propofol and ketamine was as effective as propofol alone for sedating adults in emergency departments. The study debunked concerns about ketamine causing adverse psychological reactions, revealing similar outcomes and high patient satisfaction rates.
The Lancet Commission estimates the monthly cost of a basic package of 201 essential medicines could be as low as $1-2 per person, addressing universal health coverage goals. However, many countries spend less than this amount on medicines, highlighting the need for additional financing to meet basic healthcare needs.
Researchers pinpoint unique brain region for placebo response in pain relief, enabling targeted pain therapy and more accurate clinical trials. This finding could lead to personalized medicine for the 100 million Americans with chronic pain.
Michigan Medicine launches initiative to help doctors and hospitals across the state care for surgical pain without setting up chronic opioid use or addiction. The network will collect data on opioid prescribing patterns to combat the epidemic.
A study by University at Buffalo researchers found that non-medical use of prescription drugs, particularly anxiolytics/sedatives, can lead to negative sexual events among college students. Over 14% of students who misused these drugs experienced regretted sex, and 7.1% reported being victims of sexual assault.
A new study found that nearly three-fourths of patients who sustain major trauma and receive an opiate prescription discontinue use by one month after hospital discharge. Only a few factors, including older age, lower socioeconomic status, and longer hospital stays, increased the chance for prolonged opiate use.
A study found that open-label placebo treatment reduced initial pain and disability scores by approximately 30% in patients with chronic low back pain. This approach harnesses the placebo effect without deception, offering a potential solution to improve treatment of back pain.
A study found that patients who knowingly took a placebo pill alongside traditional treatment for lower back pain saw more improvement than those given treatment alone. The placebo effect was triggered by the patient-clinician relationship and ritual of taking pills, rather than conscious expectation of an active medicine.
Researchers found that ibuprofen arginate is better tolerated, released more rapidly into the bloodstream, and provides faster pain relief compared to current formulations. This new formulation may negate cardiovascular side effects associated with high doses of ibuprofen.
Aspirin has been found to have a molecular link that explains its ability to reduce the risk of both cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. The researchers discovered a gene regulatory protein that not only influences platelet function but also suppresses tumors in the colon.
The NIH review found that acupuncture, yoga, and tai chi are effective for managing back pain and osteoarthritis. Massage therapy and relaxation techniques also show promise in reducing severe headaches and migraine symptoms.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have identified a novel pain-killing compound, BU08028, that is not addictive and provides safe and effective pain relief without respiratory side effects. The study showed that the compound blocked the detection of pain for up to 30 hours and did not cause physical dependence.
A recent Phase 3 clinical trial led by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that a new nasal spray anesthetic called Kovanaze is effective in preventing pain during dental procedures. The study showed that the compound was comparable to commonly used injectable numbing agents and had minimal side effects.
The study found that calcium channel blockers like verapamil and amlodipine work differently to treat heart arrhythmias and hypertension. Verapamil physically blocks pores to restore normal heart rhythm, while amlodipine indirectly prevents pore opening, relaxing blood vessels without affecting the heart.
A study of nearly 3,400 military veterans over 10 years found that those who misused opioid painkillers had a very high likelihood of also beginning to use heroin. Non-medical use of prescription painkillers was the biggest predictor of heroin use.
A new study found that young children with mild, persistent asthma can tolerate acetaminophen without worsening their symptoms. The study, funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, compared acetaminophen to ibuprofen in 300 children aged 1-5 years old.
Researchers at Georgia State University identified a brain mechanism that prevents morphine tolerance and addiction. Blocking a particular cytokine eliminated morphine tolerance, reducing the dose required for pain relief by half.
A study of 300 children with mild, persistent asthma found that acetaminophen was not associated with worsening asthma symptoms compared to ibuprofen. The results suggest that acetaminophen can be used safely in children with this condition.
Researchers identified a novel compound with comparable painkilling power to morphine but without respiratory suppression. The new compound's potential is enhanced by early signs of reduced addiction potential in mouse studies.
Researchers developed a novel opioid drug candidate by starting from scratch using computational techniques to explore over four trillion chemical interactions. The new compound, PZM21, blocked pain effectively like morphine but did not trigger deadly side effects, including breathing interference and addiction.
Researchers have synthesized a molecule called PZM21 that targets brain pain systems without triggering respiratory impairment or constipation like morphine. The new agent holds promise as both a clinical treatment and a tool for exploring the workings of brain pain systems.
A randomized trial led by Boston Children's Hospital found no difference between acetaminophen and ibuprofen in treating pain and fever in children with mild persistent asthma. The study enrolled 300 children aged 1-5 years old and showed that both medications were effective in controlling asthma symptoms.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that prenatal acetaminophen use was associated with increased risk of conduct problems and hyperactivity symptoms in children. Maternal acetaminophen use at 32 weeks of pregnancy also linked to higher risk for emotional symptoms and total difficulties in children.
A US study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that prescribing short-acting opioids with no refills to opioid-naive patients significantly reduces the risk of long-term dependency. The study analyzed data from Oregon, which has the highest rate of non-medical opioid use in the US.
Researchers identified three key brain regions involved in hypnosis, including decreased activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate and increased connections between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the insula. These changes may help understand how hypnosis affects perception and body control.
Researchers at University of Leeds and Hebei Medical University found that Substance P reduces sensations of pain in peripheral nervous system but triggers pain in central nervous system. This discovery could lead to new methods for pain control with limited side effects.
A new study shows that a non-drug approach combining behavioral therapy and social support can effectively manage chronic pain in individuals with addiction, improving their ability to function and reducing substance use. The low-cost approach, called ImPAT, has the potential to be widely adopted by addiction treatment centers worldwide.
Researchers found that carnosol and carnosic acid inhibit two enzymes involved in inflammation, fever, and pain. These natural products are considered potential alternatives to classical anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs with well-documented side effects.
Research suggests that people with chronic low back pain are more likely to use illicit drugs, including marijuana, cocaine, and methamphetamine. Those with a history of illicit drug use are also more likely to have a prescription for opioid analgesics.
Researchers at Queen's University have found that combining pregabalin with duloxetine improves fibromyalgia symptoms, offering a new treatment option for patients. The study suggests that this combination can safely improve pain relief, physical function, and overall quality of life.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine finds that patients undergoing certain types of surgery are at increased risk of becoming chronic users of opioid painkillers. The study highlights the need for surgeons and physicians to closely monitor patients' use of opioids after surgery and use alternate methods of pain control.
A new web-based database, AERSMine, has been developed to analyze clinical responses of over 5 million patients to FDA-approved drugs. The tool identifies unexpected benefits and harm, as well as alternative treatment choices for individual patients.
A University of Georgia study found that medical marijuana leads to lower prescription drug use, particularly for conditions like glaucoma and pain. The study estimated savings of $468 million if all states had implemented medical marijuana laws.
A team of FAU researchers has discovered a substance called capsazepine that activates the mustard oil receptor, leading to reduced inflammation and sensitivity in nociceptors. This breakthrough could lead to the development of highly effective painkillers for diseases such as joint arthrosis and chronic pancreatitis.
A study in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs found that Maine's pharmacists were not utilizing its prescription-monitoring program, which could increase patient safety. Meanwhile, a second study suggests that local 'drug take-back' programs can increase public awareness and usage.
Researchers found that wearable biosensors can detect opioid use by tracking physical changes such as decreased movement and rising skin temperature. The devices may be useful for monitoring developing opioid tolerance and detecting relapse in rehab patients.
A study published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that more than one-third of atrial fibrillation patients with an intermediate-to-high-risk of stroke are prescribed aspirin instead of oral anticoagulants. This discrepancy may be due to misconceptions about aspirin's efficacy compared to oral anticoagulants.
A small study found that long-term opioid treatment increased pain intensities, fatigue, and impaired daily activities in patients with sickle cell disease. Central sensitization, a phenomenon amplifying painful sensations, was also more pronounced in those on opioids.
The Aspirin-Guide app calculates cardiovascular disease and bleeding risk scores to help clinicians decide which patients are suitable for low-dose aspirin. It provides personalized decision-making support for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, facilitating informed discussions between healthcare providers and patients.
Researchers found nearly 40% of AF patients at intermediate to high risk for stroke treated with aspirin alone, despite previous data showing blood thinners more beneficial. The study highlights the need for cardiology specialists to adhere to standardized recommendations regarding the use of oral blood thinners.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study found long-acting opioids significantly increase the risk of death from unintentional overdose and cardiorespiratory events. Alternative medications, such as anticonvulsants and low doses of cyclic antidepressants, may be safer options for managing moderate-to-severe chronic pain.