Articles tagged with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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A recent study found that higher exposure to air pollution is associated with increased functional brain connectivity among several brain regions in preadolescents. The findings also identify the first years of life as the most sensitive period for exposure to air pollution, with black carbon particles being the most associated polluta...
Research published in JNeurosci found that Gulf War veterans with chronic pain have changes in brain structure involved in pain processing, including larger frontal cortex areas and smaller insular cortices. These structural differences may contribute to the development of effective treatments for Gulf War Illness.
Researchers will examine if SARS-CoV-2 infection induces lasting changes in the brain and affects neurocognitive function using neuroimaging, cognitive, and immunological tests. The study aims to identify biomarkers for diagnosing long COVID and inform treatment approaches.
Researchers will track changes in the blood-brain barrier, neurovascular function, and cognition in over 850 participants with genetic variants at risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. The study aims to improve understanding of the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease and identify effective interventions.
A cross-sectional study found a strong association between ultrasound-derived fat fraction (UDFF) and MRI proton-density fat fraction (PDFF), providing high sensitivity for detecting hepatic steatosis. The study showed that UDFF had an AUC of 0.90 for identifying PDFF ≥5.5%.
Researchers at Colorado State University have developed a cobalt-based molecule that can detect extremely subtle temperature shifts inside the body, opening up new possibilities for medical imaging and therapy. The noninvasive probe uses radiofrequency waves to read out temperature signals from the body.
A new review analyzes the efficacy of current non-invasive methods for assessing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated conditions. Blood-based biomarker tests and imaging methods are explored, with some showing promise in early diagnosis and staging liver disorders.
Researchers used AI to compare brain images of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder to computer-generated simulations, revealing links between brain anatomy and symptoms. The discovery could help understand ASD causes and develop targeted interventions.
A new virtual biopsy using cardiovascular magnetic resonance has been proven safe and effective in detecting signs of heart rejection in heart transplant patients. The non-invasive procedure reduces complications and hospital admissions compared to traditional invasive biopsies.
A small study suggests that maternal psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with changes in the brain of developing fetuses. The study found decreased brain structure and volumetric measures in fetuses from the pandemic cohort compared to the pre-pandemic cohort.
A study of over 200 pregnant women found that prolonged stress and depression during the pandemic affected fetal brain development, including reduced white matter and delayed brain gyrification. The findings have major implications for basic science and informing public policy initiatives.
Adding diffusion-weighted MRI to conventional MRI enhances the differentiation of locally recurrent tumor and post-surgical fibrosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma resection. The study found higher sensitivity with DWI, facilitating earlier detection of recurrences.
Researchers have mapped the brain's changes during depression treatment using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). The study found that certain brain regions activated by rTMS were associated with better treatment outcomes. This new understanding could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of depression.
A team of researchers has developed a novel method using infrared imaging to assess glymphatic function, which is crucial for understanding neurological conditions. The technique allows for the measurement of temporal dynamics of glymphatic functions and provides insights into brain fluid exchange and clearance.
Researchers analyzed brain volumes of 37 Parkinson’s patients and 27 controls over 8.8 years, finding accelerated grey matter decline in temporal and occipital lobes. The study’s findings support Braak's disease stage scheme and provide new insights into Parkinson’s progression.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge used ultra-high strength '7T' MRI scanners to measure changes in the brains of people with Parkinson's disease, PSP, or good health. The study found that damage to the locus coeruleus region correlates with severe cognitive symptoms and apathy.
A study found that high blood adenosine levels at 15 days of life correlated with white matter lesions and brain injury in very low birth weight premature infants. Adenosine may play a role in oligodendrocyte maturation and neuronal development, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for complications of prematurity.
Researchers suggest a novel neuroimaging technique can unveil Alzheimer's disease secrets and predict symptom risk. The 'neuromelanin-sensitive MRI' method provides insights into the brain's noradrenergic system, linked to aggressive behavior and cognitive decline.
Researchers are developing a novel MRI nanotechnology that targets specific markers in solid tumours, including high-grade brain cancers. The new imaging technology has shown promising preclinical results and is set to be tested in a first-in-human clinical trial.
A study published in Journal of Psychiatric Research found a significant biological difference between psychopaths and non-psychopaths, with psychopaths having a larger striatum region in the brain. This finding is linked to increased need for stimulation, impulsive behaviors, and higher likelihood of violent behavior.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba developed a portable MRI system to identify wrist cartilage damage among athletes, providing a convenient means of early detection and treatment. The system enables quick screening at remote locations, eliminating the need for hospital visits.
A new study found that extended space flight increases perivascular spaces in the brains of first-time astronauts, but not those who previously served in space. No neurological deficits were detected despite the changes.
A new study published in the European Heart Journal shows that MRI is superior to echocardiography for diagnosing heart failure and predicting patient outcomes. The research found that MRI can accurately measure left ventricular filling pressure, leading to improved diagnosis and reduced need for invasive assessments.
The ARRS annual meeting provides an updated primer on imaging ballistic injuries, which helps guide radiologists' interpretation. This includes understanding mechanisms of ballistic trauma and injury patterns to aid in diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia have developed a novel approach to reprogramming cardiac implantable devices during MRI scans remotely. This technology has shown safe and effective results, saving time and money by eliminating the need for device representatives or on-site personnel.
Dr. Gary J. Whitman, MD of the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, has been appointed as the 122nd President of the American Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS). He succeeds Jonathan Kruskal, MD, PhD, and will serve for the next year.
A new study using quantitative MRI (qMRI) found differences in brain structure among adolescents born extremely preterm, which may help predict atypical development. The study collected data from 368 adolescents and compared those with typical vs. atypical development, highlighting potential for qMRI to improve outcomes.
Research from Weill Cornell Medicine found that less prostate cancer screening has reduced overdiagnosis, but increased incidence of high-grade and metastatic disease. The study analyzed over 438,000 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer between 2010 and 2018.
Portable MRI machines detected ischemic strokes with 90% accuracy, enabling quick treatment decisions in remote locations. This technology helps clinicians differentiate between clotting and bleeding strokes, making critical treatment choices in time-sensitive situations.
Scientists have identified magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene as a promising material for high-temperature superconductivity. Researchers found that nematic order in MATBG originates from the interference between fluctuations of a novel degree-of-freedom combining valley and spin degrees.
Researchers have identified a biomarker that indicates high risk of impending stroke post-subarachnoid hemorrhage, enabling early treatment initiation in comatose patients. Electrodiagnostic monitoring detects 'spreading depolarizations' caused by toxic by-products of blood breakdown, allowing clinicians to intervene before it's too late.
The BrainChart platform benchmarks brain development based on MRI data from over 100,000 individuals, creating a standardized chart like those for height and weight. The tool identifies previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones and provides a common language to understand brain images from different sources.
A new study reveals that greater left-brain asymmetry is related to both better and average performance on reading ability tests, depending on the analysis method used. The findings support two opposing theories of language processing, suggesting a complex relationship between brain structure and speech sound processing.
A study of patients treated with edoxaban and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after TAVR found that edoxaban reduced subclinical leaflet thrombosis, but did not affect stroke risk. Rates of death, stroke, and cognitive decline were similar in both groups.
Researchers collected hundreds of cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with Diffuse Midline Glioma, tracking changes in cell-free tumor DNA over time. The findings suggest that this method could provide data about tumors sooner than MRIs alone, allowing clinicians to address aggressive brain cancer more effectively.
Researchers at CNIC discover that bone marrow activation is an early event in the development of atherosclerosis, leading to inflammation and plaque formation. The study identifies metabolic syndrome as a key trigger for this process.
Researchers warn of machine learning bias when data published for one task is used to train algorithms for a different one. This can lead to compromised integrity and 'overly optimistic' results in medical imaging applications.
The new center aims to develop quantitative imaging markers to reduce subjectivity in medical image diagnosis and improve consistency. Researchers will explore cutting-edge imaging modalities and extract effective image features from existing clinical imaging modalities to aid in cancer detection and treatment.
Brainwide association studies need thousands of individuals to yield higher reproducibility, as smaller samples often uncover strong but spurious associations. Larger sample sizes lead to more likely reproductions of correlations, with effect sizes decreasing as the number of participants increases.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology improved an algorithm to detect Alzheimer's disease from MRI images, achieving over 98% accuracy. The new model uses a modified neural network and adapts to variations in data, such as differences in hospital equipment and patient positions.
A new study finds that the brain estimates controllability through competition between two parallel learning processes: the actor and the spectator. High levels of stress and anxiety impair people's sense of control, making them believe their actions don't matter.
A multicenter study found relatively high interobserver agreement for chronic pancreatitis findings in children using both CT and MRI. However, subjective findings like atrophy showed moderate agreement, emphasizing the need for standardized criteria.
A study of nearly 40,000 Medicare beneficiaries found racial disparities in the use of MRI among Black and white patients with new prostate cancer diagnoses. The study identified factors such as insurance coverage, socioeconomic status, and geographic location that contribute to these disparities.
A multicenter study validates the accuracy and reliability of NS-RADS for classifying and grading peripheral neuropathies, with high interrater agreement across different reader experience levels. The study shows promising results for routine practice, suggesting NS-RADS as a standardized guideline for reporting peripheral neuropathies.
Researchers developed a new imaging approach called VascuViz to visualize blood vessels at different spatial scales. The method enables detailed mathematical models and complementary images to clarify the role of blood flow in health and disease, advancing our understanding of tissues throughout the body.
Researchers at MUSC and University of Florida successfully visualize the complete human brain lymphatic system in living humans using a new non-invasive MRI technique. This breakthrough enhances our understanding of brain function and may provide insights into neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Researchers developed a new deep learning algorithm that allows for real-time reconstruction of images combining optical and magnetic resonance imaging data. The algorithm, Z-Net, enables faster image generation and can be trained with simulated data, improving breast cancer detection.
Researchers developed a deep learning framework that can accurately flag abnormalities in routine head MRI scans, prioritizing resources for critical cases. The model reduced wait times for reports from 28 days to 14 days and from 9 days to 5 days, enabling real-time applications.
Annual MRI screenings starting at ages 30-35 may reduce breast-cancer mortality by more than 50% among women who carry certain genetic changes in three genes. The predictions involve pathogenic variants in ATM, CHEK2 and PALB2 genes – which collectively are as prevalent as the much-reported BRCA1/2 gene mutations.
The American Roentgen Ray Society recognizes Drs. Nguyen, Beheshtian, Harfouch, and Hashiba for their outstanding research and education contributions to the field of radiology. The awards honor the candidates' scientific merit and potential impact on imaging and allied sciences research.
A new wearable magnetic metamaterial helmet can create better brain scans by boosting MRI performance. It fits over a person's head during a brain scan, creating crisper images that can be captured at twice the normal speed.
The American Roentgen Ray Society has awarded two 2022 ARRS Scholarships to Sean Woolen and Bradley Allen, providing a total of $180,000 in funding for their radiological research projects. The scholarships aim to advance emerging scholars and prepare them for leadership positions.
Researchers discovered that toxic goiter causes shrinkage in central brain regions, such as the hippocampus and amygdala, which can lead to mental symptoms. The study provides key insights for patients with Graves' disease, a common form of hyperthyroidism.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that certain stem cells have built-in tracers made of sugars that can track their movement in living tissues. The discovery could streamline and advance restorative research for diseases of the brain.
HKU Electrical and Electronic Engineering researchers have successfully developed a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology that can operate from a standard AC wall power outlet, removing the need for radiofrequency shielding. The ultralow field (ULF) 0.055 Tesla brain MRI scanner is estimated to be only a fraction of the cost ...
Studies using magnetic resonance imaging found a correlation between decreased blood flow in specific brain areas and tinnitus severity. Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign explored these links to better understand the causes of tinnitus.
Dr. Edward Y. Lee, MD, MPH, receives the highest distinction from North America's first radiological society for his contributions to pediatric thoracic imaging and education. The ARRS Gold Medal honors his tireless efforts to advance radiology globally.
Scientists at University College London have developed a novel cancer therapy using magnetic seeds guided by an MRI scanner to heat and destroy tumours. The therapy, called MINIMA, has the potential to precisely treat hard-to-reach cancers with minimal side effects.
A novel blood test, Stockholm3, in combination with MRI reduces overdiagnosis of low-risk cancers by 60% and unnecessary biopsies by 9%. This cost-effective approach is recommended for Sweden's organized prostate cancer testing (OPT) pilot projects.
Boyce's research aims to develop MRI techniques to characterize the interior of flow systems in 3D, leading to revolutionized technologies in sustainable mining and hydrogen-powered vehicles. He plans to use visualizations to inspire middle- and high-school students from Harlem and the Bronx to pursue STEM studies.