Research on the tests that detect and monitor disease. Covers blood tests, cancer monitoring, emergency diagnostics, and new patent-pending assays.
A Swedish researchers have created a questionnaire test that quickly identifies individuals at high risk of heart attack. The test has been shown to be as accurate as blood tests and blood pressure measurements, detecting 65% of those at the highest risk of cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have discovered a new diagnostic method for PSP by analyzing protein biomarkers in spinal fluid, which could lead to earlier diagnosis and targeted therapies. The high-throughput technology allows for the measurement of thousands of proteins in a tiny drop of fluid, providing a promising solution for identifying the condition.
Researchers discovered that young adults with higher levels of inflammation were more likely to experience reduced cognitive function in midlife. Higher inflammation was associated with lower performance on skills testing and differences in executive functioning.
A study by Pusan National University researchers found that repeated item development training enhances faculty members' accuracy in predicting and adjusting item difficulty levels, leading to better educational outcomes. The training improved the quality of MCQ assessments in medical education.
A phase 2 study found fluorine-18 PSMA-1007 PET/computed tomography to be superior to multiparametric MRI for locoregional staging of prostate cancer. The technology supports its use in the preoperative workflow for intermediate-risk and high-risk tumors.
A recent study published in JAMA found that transgender women on hormone therapy have drastically lower PSA levels, which may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. The researchers analyzed Veterans Health Administration records and recommended caution when interpreting PSA values in transgender women.
A new approach to testing for Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) has been shown to reduce unnecessary testing by 20%. The study, published in the American Journal of Infection Control, introduces a clearly defined, evidence-based test ordering process that targets specific patient groups and reduces inappropriate testing.
Researchers identified a kissing bug in Delaware with the Chagas disease-causing parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Entomologists confirmed the insect's presence and found it was infected with the parasite, which can lead to serious heart problems if left untreated.
The WVU researchers developed a non-invasive, at-home sleep apnea detection device that uses artificial intelligence technology to measure oxygen levels in the blood. Early detection can help prevent worsening of underlying comorbid conditions and reduce healthcare costs, according to Dr. Sunil Sharma.
Researchers found associations between childhood cognition, adolescent crystalized intelligence, and midlife fluid intelligence with DNA methylation age acceleration. A 1-unit increase in adolescent PPVT was associated with a 0.048-year decrease in aging.
Scientists have developed a new method to detect antibiotics in finger sweat, showing high accuracy for tuberculosis treatment monitoring. The technique allows for less invasive testing, making it easier to monitor treatment and preventing drug-resistant TB.
A prospective study found that medication abortion via no-test telehealth and mailing of medications was comparable in effectiveness to in-person care with ultrasonography. The research also revealed low adverse event rates across all groups.
Xiaohu Xia's research focuses on enhancing diagnostic efficacy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing using specially tailored nickel-platinum nanoparticles. His goal is to improve disease detection accuracy by more than 300 times, enabling early diagnosis of cancers like prostate and colorectal cancer.
Patients with CLL and NHL who received frequent immunoglobulin G tests had fewer infections, required fewer antimicrobial medications, and higher blood levels of IgG. Increased IgG testing is associated with a lower risk of severe infections, suggesting that clear clinician guidance may save lives.
A new, streamlined urine DNA test detects primary bladder cancer more accurately than current methods, potentially reducing the need for invasive cystoscopy. The test shows high sensitivity and specificity, even for detecting high-grade noninvasive papillary carcinoma.
Researchers analyzed three tumor markers for associations with radiographic response and clinical outcomes in NSCLC patients. The study found that CEA, CA-125, and CA-19-9 were associated with progression and radiographic responses in NSCLC.
A recent study has identified three subgroups of gestational diabetes with different treatment needs, enabling personalized therapy and reducing complications for mothers and children. The analysis used cluster methods and machine learning to analyze data from 2682 women with gestational diabetes.
A randomized controlled trial at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found that using the SAGE test during routine appointments led to a sixfold increase in early diagnoses. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of this simple, self-administered tool for detecting cognitive impairment.
Researchers developed two clinical ageing clocks, PCAge and LinAge, that use blood tests, a urine test, and a health questionnaire to estimate future mortality risk. These clocks show significant predictive efficacy in characterising individual future ageing trajectories.
Past-year Papanicolaou testing rates dropped in 2022 compared to 2019, highlighting the need to increase access to screenings. Rural-vs-urban differences indicate a focus on rural females requires attention.
Researchers found that mono-canalicular Lacrijet stent insertion is a safe and effective treatment for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children, with success rates unaffected by age or previous failed probing. The study suggests early assessments and stenting as an option for pediatric epiphora management.
Scientists developed an AI-powered system to track tiny devices that monitor markers of disease in the gut. The system includes a wearable coil and ingestible pill with optical gas-sensing membranes, pinpointing device location and measuring gases like ammonia. Future improvements aim to make the device smaller and more power-efficient.
The Association for Molecular Pathology has published guidelines for tumor mutational burden (TMB) testing, aiming to standardize calculation and reporting of TMB as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies. These recommendations emphasize the importance of comprehensive methodological descriptions in publications.
This study found that lowering the fecal immunochemical test positivity threshold can achieve comparable sensitivity and specificity to the multitarget stool RNA test without additional testing. The findings are similar to previous observations with multitarget stool DNA testing, suggesting a potentially simpler screening method.
Researchers at Texas A&M University developed vessel-chip technology to create a platform for preclinical drug discovery, reducing the need for animal testing. The system mimics human circulatory systems using tissue-engineered microfluidic devices.
A study of 370 patients undergoing elective surgery found that those with higher levels of awareness about anesthesia had better understanding of general and local anesthesia. Patients who underwent surgeries related to eyes, nose, and throat scored higher on the knowledge test due to limited sources of information.
Researchers found that bubbling olive products before oil extraction decreases oil quality. The study measured absolute phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and acidity levels in bubbled oil (BO) compared to virgin olive oil (VOO). BO had lower antioxidant properties and higher acidity levels than VOO.
The Royal Statistical Society has published new recommendations to improve the evaluation of diagnostic tests, including guidelines on study design, regulation, and transparency. The report aims to prevent future issues with diagnostic test evaluations, particularly those related to infectious diseases.
A breath-holding test assesses cardiorespiratory health and predicts postoperative pain risk in laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The study analyzed 489 patients and found significant correlation between breath-holding time and pain scores.
A University of Houston researcher has developed a new method to detect cancer using PANORAMA imaging and fluorescent imaging, achieving a 98.7% accuracy rate. The method analyzes the number and cargo of small EVs in patients' blood samples, allowing for early detection and improved treatment efficacy.
Researchers tested seven antibiotics in combination with various natural compounds, finding synergistic effects against multidrug-resistant bacteria. The study suggests combining antibiotics with plant extracts or phytochemicals could be a promising strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance.
The researchers created a chemosensor that detects lactic acid levels in saliva without the need for an electrical power source, opening up possibilities for easy use in remote locations. The sensor uses graphene foam technology to measure changes in quantum capacitance when lactate binds, allowing for lower-cost and more reliable trac...
Public health authorities in nearly all US states and territories have the ability to monitor and test persons exposed to H5N1 virus. Despite this, jurisdictions vary in their preparedness plans, antiviral use recommendations, and potential vaccine deployment among first responders.
A team of scientists at the University of Ottawa has developed a novel peptide-based hydrogel that can be used for on-the-spot repair to damaged organs and tissues. The material shows great potential for closing skin wounds, delivering therapeutics to damaged heart muscle, and reshaping and healing injured corneas.
Researchers studied cardiothoracic surgeons and found that accumulating failures triggers forces both increasing the opportunity to learn and decreasing motivation. This effect is higher for surgeons with lower perceived abilities to learn.
Researchers have developed a prototype 'smart' contact lens that measures eye pressure accurately, regardless of temperature. The dual-circuit design removes temperature-related errors, enabling early detection and monitoring of glaucoma.
A new study suggests that countries should prioritize tuberculosis treatment for exposed individuals with evidence of TB infection, regardless of age—except in high-burden settings, where all exposed individuals should be considered for treatment. Preventive treatment can stop latent TB infections from developing into deadly TB disease.
Researchers at UCSF used an AI model to analyze clinical notes and determine patient urgency, achieving an accuracy rate of 89% and surpassing human physician performance in 88% of cases. The study suggests AI could help alleviate ED overcrowding by providing backup decision-making tools for clinicians.
Researchers found that early neurodevelopmental assessments can predict long-term cerebral palsy outcomes in high-risk infants as young as 3 to 4 months corrected age. However, these tests are limited in identifying cognitive and neurodevelopmental impairments beyond CP diagnosis.
Text messaging and bulk ordering can significantly increase mammogram completion rates for breast cancer screening outreach. The study found that these interventions are effective in improving adherence to recommended screening guidelines.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new device for taking blood samples using the leech principle, reducing invasiveness and increasing reliability. The device is made of silicone and steel microneedles, with plans to create biodegradable versions in the future.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that preoperative Botox injections can reliably predict the success of nerve decompression surgery for chronic migraine. Patients who responded positively to Botox injections showed significant improvements in migraine symptoms, with a positive predictive value of nearly 90%.
Scientists at DTU and Lund University have found new enzymes that can remove both the A and B blood antigens and their blocking sugars, enabling the production of universal donor blood. This breakthrough has the potential to reduce logistics and costs associated with storing four different blood types.
Researchers at University of Kansas discover a new compound that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell models by targeting the 'Mac-1' protein. This finding offers hope for developing new treatments and preventing future pandemics.
A new study found that better heart health in middle-aged Black women is linked to reduced cognitive decline and preserved brain function. However, this benefit was not observed among white women. The study suggests that taking care of one's heart may have a positive impact on brain function and overall well-being.
A new case report uses longitudinal multi-omics monitoring to detect a precancerous pancreatic tumor in a patient. The study highlights the potential of blood-based LMOM for early detection and personalized medicine, warranting further translational research.
Researchers developed a new method to accelerate high-resolution ultrasound localization microscopy using deep learning, enabling faster and more accurate imaging of microvascular structures. The technique, called LOCA-ULM, improves spatial resolution and processing speed while maintaining sensitivity for functional imaging.
The innovative Integrated Virtual Care (IVC) program successfully connected residents with family physicians in Renfrew County, addressing the rural shortage of primary care providers. Over 2,800 unique patient appointments were conducted, with 70% done virtually, offering comprehensive team-based primary care.
A new testing protocol combining clinical history with multiple home stool tests could significantly speed up diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by reducing the need for unnecessary colonoscopies. Serial faecal calprotectin tests were found to strongly predict possible IBD, Crohn's Disease, and Ulcerative Colitis.
The National Science Foundation has awarded Amplified Sciences a $275,000 Phase 1 Small Business Innovation Research grant to develop novel ultrasensitive optical reporter platform technology for early detection of pancreatic cancer. The company aims to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes with its multiplexing capabilities.
A study of health care personnel reveals delayed COVID-19 testing was more common among non-Hispanic Black HCP and those with other racial backgrounds compared to non-Hispanic white HCP with graduate degrees. The findings highlight sociodemographic disparities in the response to COVID-19.
Concordia researchers use network analysis to study cognitive decline, identifying key variables that predict subtle changes in brain function. Executive function and processing speed are found to be strongly influential, with age affecting cognition differently for those with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
A new lab-on-a-chip system combines optofluidics and nanopores to rapidly test for SARS-CoV-2 and Zika viruses with high accuracy. The tool, developed by UC Santa Cruz researchers, can detect viruses at extremely low concentrations and outperform PCR tests in some cases.
A new study found that access to genomic testing for cancer is limited by factors such as test availability, patient information, and insurance coverage in both Japan and Switzerland. Despite universal insurance coverage, barriers persist due to differences in hospital accessibility, language barriers, and varying levels of reimbursement.
A systematic review of 41 randomized clinical trials suggests that late-stage cancer incidence can be a suitable alternative end point to cancer-specific mortality in some cancer types, but not others. This finding has implications for multicancer screening tests and may change the way these trials are designed.
Researchers found that discontinuing specialist follow-up care for patients with slow-growing CLL had no negative impact on survival, hospital visits or infections. Most patients who ended follow-up developed minor infections treated with antibiotics.
A new study from the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine shows that community-based screening and treatment for Helicobacter pylori bacterium infection can identify and eliminate high-risk individuals. The approach aims to prevent gastric cancer in vulnerable populations, including Blacks, Asians, and Latinos.
The study reveals that smartphone-based cognitive assessments can provide reliable and valid results for diagnosing frontotemporal lobar degeneration. These findings suggest a scalable solution for remote evaluations, which may enhance early detection.
Researchers developed an app to detect mild cognitive impairment, a potential indicator of Alzheimer's disease. The study used data from 199 older adults and found that the app detected MCI with high accuracy, comparable to in-clinic assessments.
Researchers suggest a follow-up colonoscopy within defined periods after abnormal stool-based screening test results. The proposed measure aims to address low current performance rates and produce reliable results.