Articles tagged with Diabetes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Improving patient-physician communication is crucial to overcoming the barriers of low health literacy, according to Dr. Darren A. DeWalt. Studies have shown that patients recall only half of what healthcare providers tell them, and factors like anxiety and severe illness can further impede this process.
Researchers found that poorly controlled diabetes in adults aged 60 and older is associated with lower cognitive function scores. The study suggests that improving blood sugar control may help reverse dementia related to diabetes.
Researchers have successfully used syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to prevent autoimmune diabetes in mice, providing a promising new approach for treating genetic disorders. This breakthrough is made possible by the discovery of natural gene therapy mechanisms that can reverse mutations causing rare inherited diseases...
In a study, mice fasted every other day had lower blood glucose and insulin levels than control or calorically restricted groups. Meal-skipping also improved nerve cell resistance to neurotoxin injury, suggesting potential benefits for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered that PERK enzyme is a key regulator of protein synthesis in humans, leading to growth retardation, skeletal abnormalities and diabetes. Treatments targeting IGF-1 may offer therapeutic interventions for diseases like Wolcott-Rallison Syndrome.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have made a breakthrough in developing a gene therapy that can cure diabetes in mice. The treatment uses the NeuroD gene to induce liver cells to produce insulin and other hormones associated with the pancreas' endocrine system.
A study published in Cell identified the function of PPARd, a key receptor that regulates how fat is used. The receptor was found to regulate adaptive thermogenesis, a physiological defense against obesity.
Researchers found that prenatal ethanol exposure led to partial central diabetes insipidus in young adult rats, characterized by increased water consumption and reduced vasopressin release. This finding may provide insight into the pathogenesis of diabetes insipidus and offer potential treatment targets for this debilitating disorder.
A study found that men with high CRP levels were 3.8 times more likely to experience a stroke over 10-15 years compared to those with low CRP levels. The researchers also discovered that inflammation may trigger stroke by causing cell growth, cholesterol accumulation, and plaque formation in blood vessels.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that alpha lipoic acid significantly improved symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, including a 5.7-point total symptom score improvement. The treatment had no unfavorable side effects and may be a promising lead for future research into the cause and prevention of diabetic neuropathy.
A new study suggests that nearly 90 percent of healthy diabetes patients have experienced brain volume loss, potentially contributing to cognitive decline. The research, led by Drs. Jitendra Sharma and Richard Chan, used MRI scans to compare brain health in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals within the same age cohort.
Researchers identify APOE genotype as significant risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, a condition that can lead to severe complications such as amputations and chronic pain. The study suggests that biomarkers like the APOE 3/4 or 4/4 genotypes could help direct intensive interventions to patients at high risk.
Research highlights the role of WNK kinases in regulating thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransport, a key mechanism for maintaining electrolyte balance. Additionally, studies investigate the immunomodulatory effects of WNK kinases on pulmonary inflammation and diabetes, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets.
A study found that veterans with diabetes spent a significant amount of time in hospital and outpatient services, with nearly 40% hospitalized one or more times per year. The patients faced a high risk of dying within a given year, with approximately 6% at risk of mortality.
Researchers found an inverse relationship between upper leg length and diabetes, with shorter legs associated with higher risk. White women and Mexican-American women showed increased likelihood of diabetes for each centimeter less of ULL.
The number of ramipril prescriptions for elderly Ontario residents increased significantly after the release of HOPE's results, peaking at 304/100 000 in May 2000. This surge in prescribing was attributed to widespread media coverage of the study's success.
Mortality rates from cancer, stroke, heart disease, and HIV/AIDS declined significantly in Los Angeles County over the past decade. However, age-adjusted mortality from diabetes remained disproportionately high among African-American and Latino populations.
Researchers found that plasma glucose levels were poorly correlated with birth weight, and factors like smoking, pregnancy weight, and weight gain during pregnancy were more important predictors. The authors also questioned the historic link between gestational diabetes and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates.
Researchers discovered a promising drug, benfotiamine, that completely blocked three biochemical pathways damaging blood vessels in diabetic rats. The study found that benfotiamine successfully normalized retinal tissue and prevented diabetic retinopathy in the animals.
A recent study found that lower vaccination rates among diabetic minorities, particularly African-Americans and Hispanics, cannot be explained by socioeconomic factors. The researchers suggest that understanding shared social and cultural values may hold the key to addressing these racial disparities.
A UC Irvine study found that adding antioxidants to insulin therapy can improve its ability to reduce blood sugar and prevent organ damage. Treating rats with insulin alone only partially succeeded, but vitamins C and E spared sugars, proteins, and nitric oxide from attack.
A study found that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements reduced body mass and improved management of adult-onset diabetes. Higher CLA levels were linked to lower leptin levels, a hormone regulating fat levels.
Researchers found that using interactive techniques, such as checking patient recall and comprehension, can improve diabetes control without requiring longer visits. This technique is underused by physicians but holds great potential for improving patient outcomes.
Researchers have identified several genes necessary for fat accumulation in nematode worms, which are also present in humans. These findings provide a crucial platform to rapidly identify key proteins regulating fat formation, potentially leading to new therapies for obesity and diabetes.
Despite being enrolled in a clinical trial comparing anti-clotting agents, African American stroke patients show poor rates of awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol. These findings are concerning, as heart disease and stroke can be prevented with vigilant risk factor management.
A new UC Davis study reveals that C-reactive protein (CRP) plays a key role in the formation of blood clots and plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. High CRP levels can be reduced by losing weight, exercising regularly, or taking statin drugs.
Researchers found that hormone therapy (HRT) significantly reduced the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease and impaired fasting glucose. The study, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, suggests HRT may have metabolic benefits that outweigh the risks for certain high-risk groups.
Scientists have developed a new mouse model of lipoatrophic diabetes, which reveals the genetic pathway underlying the disease. The study also suggests that leptin therapy may be effective in treating humans with lipoatrophic diabetes.
A new genetic test can identify patients with diabetes at high risk for heart disease, potentially saving lives through early intervention. Researchers analyzed the haptoglobin gene in a population-based study and found that individuals with one form of the gene were five times more likely to develop heart disease.
A study found that mailed health promotions reduced outpatient visits by an average of 4.84 visits among arthritis patients, while increasing visits for high blood pressure patients. The interventions generated significant savings, supporting the potential cost-effectiveness of health mailings for managing chronic conditions.
A study of 1.2 million Medicare beneficiaries found that those with multiple chronic conditions are 99 times more likely to be hospitalized than those with none. This highlights the importance of better-coordinated primary care in reducing hospitalizations and costs.
Researchers at the University of Melbourne discovered a key player in the brain's response to low glucose levels, shedding light on how diabetes and hypoglycemia are regulated. By studying Neuropeptide Y, scientists hope to develop new treatments for these conditions.
A recent study found that only a quarter of patients receive nutrition counseling during doctor visits, falling short of national nutritional objectives. Physicians can be trained to offer tailored nutrition messages, but more in-depth counseling is needed for optimal patient outcomes.
TZDs trigger a 'futile' cycle where glycerol kinase stores fatty acids faster than fat cells release them, leading to increased insulin sensitivity. Researchers also found that TZDs alter chemical signals produced by fat cells, potentially benefiting future anti-diabetes drug development.
Scientists have created mice that can eat rich, high-fat diets without accumulating fat or risking diabetes. The mice lack the SCD-1 gene, which produces an enzyme required for fat tissue production. Instead of storing excess fat, the mice metabolize it, increasing energy expenditure and oxygen consumption.
A UB researcher observed a significant correlation between air pollution and diabetes prevalence in the US, suggesting potential environmental toxins may contribute to the disease. The study found states with high TRI emissions had higher diabetes rates, while low-emission states had lower rates.
A recent study by UCSF researchers reveals that lower literacy is associated with worse health outcomes for diabetes patients, even after accounting for other factors. Patients with inadequate health literacy are more likely to experience complications such as diabetic retinopathy and have poorer blood sugar control.
Research by James P. Smith and Dana P. Goldman found that education level is a significant factor in adherence to treatment regimens, particularly for complex diseases like HIV and diabetes. The study suggests that education can help improve health outcomes by promoting better adherence to treatment plans.
A new study found that GLP-1 receptor agonists can increase heart rate and blood pressure in animals, suggesting potential risks for diabetes treatment. The findings may impact the use of these agents in humans with Type II diabetes.
A new study reveals that statins can cut the risks of heart attacks and strokes in people with diabetes, narrowed arteries, or a history of stroke. The findings recommend changing guidelines to consider statin use for anyone at increased risk of heart disease, regardless of cholesterol levels.
A study found that patients taking olanzapine were at risk of developing diabetes, including diabetic ketoacidosis, with severe symptoms and even death. The researchers identified 289 cases of diabetes linked to the drug, highlighting a potential link between atypical antipsychotics and metabolic disorders.
A study of 181 patients with acute myocardial infarction found that nearly 40% had impaired glucose tolerance at discharge and 31% had undiagnosed diabetes. The risk factors were independent predictors of abnormal glucose tolerance, suggesting a need for screening tests after heart attacks.
A study of 181 patients who had a heart attack found that 35% had impaired glucose tolerance at discharge, while 40% developed it three months later. High fasting blood glucose concentrations and abnormal glucose levels in red blood cells were also associated with impaired glucose metabolism.
In a large clinical trial, patients with impaired glucose tolerance who took acarbose were 25% less likely to develop type-2 diabetes than those taking placebo. Acarbose also helped reversion of impaired glucose tolerance to normal glucose tolerance. The main side effects were flatulence and diarrhea.
A recent study found that ulcer rates were similarly low in patients with diabetes and prior foot ulcers, regardless of the type of shoes they wore. The researchers suggest that careful attention by healthcare professionals may be more effective in preventing ulcers than therapeutic footwear.
Researchers at Stanford University have created diabetic fruit flies by destroying insulin-producing cells, allowing them to study the development of pancreatic cells. The fly model could help understand the origin of insulin-producing cells in people with Type I diabetes.
A 2-year study found that high-dose interferon beta-1b significantly reduced relapse rates and new brain lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis compared to interferon beta-1a. The treatment also showed a strong association between MS and type-1 diabetes in the Sardinian population.
Researchers found that diets rich in soy protein and flaxseed can decrease total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels in obese rats. Flaxseed also showed a greater effect on various parameters than soybean, suggesting potential benefits for humans.
Researchers found that diabetes causes a phase shift in the heart's circadian clock, leading to changes in gene expression and potentially disrupting the synchronization between stimulus and response. This alteration may contribute to contractile dysfunction and increased risk of heart failure in patients with diabetes.
A 10-year study of over 6,500 patients with diabetes undergoing major vascular operations revealed a mortality rate of only 1 percent. The study's findings contradict previous research and suggest that patients with diabetes should be offered the same surgical options as those without diabetes.
Researchers are studying abnormal beta cell function to better understand canine and feline diabetes. They found that certain proteins play a crucial role in insulin secretion, which may contribute to the development of diabetes.
Researchers report significant improvements in patients with rare fat disorders who received leptin replacement therapy, including reduced triglyceride levels and liver fat accumulation. The therapy also controlled severe insulin resistance and improved blood glucose levels in most participants.
A new nutrition education program designed for older adults with diabetes improved blood sugar control and reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease. The program, which included 10 weekly sessions, taught participants how to evaluate food labels and make informed dietary choices.
Regular intense exercise over nine months improved glucose metabolism in overweight individuals, with benefits persisting after cessation. The study found significant reductions in insulin levels and improvements in cardiovascular health.
A new interactive computer program will be developed to bridge the language barrier for Spanish-speaking diabetics, providing healthcare professionals with translation tools. The program will translate basic health questions and answers from English to Spanish and vice versa.
A recent study found that individuals with high self-efficacy tend to have better blood sugar control and adherence to their self-care regimens. The researchers' findings suggest that teaching self-care behaviors can have a greater positive impact when combined with interventions aimed at improving self-efficacy.
A VA study found that opportunistic screening for diabetes is likely more cost-effective and can be easily integrated into typical office visits. The approach takes advantage of the doctor-patient relationship, promoting better follow-up care for patients at risk of diabetes.
A simple blood test can identify millions of patients with previously undetected diabetes, according to a new study. The test, HgA1c, accurately indicates blood sugar levels over the previous two to three months and detects at least 75 percent of cases of diabetes.
A study of 1,507 people with diabetes found that 71% are aware of their high blood pressure and 57% take medication, yet control rates remain inadequate. Effective treatment strategies are needed to address the disparities in blood pressure control among people with diabetes.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that diabetic women aged 50-75 years had lower rates of mammograms compared to control subjects, with 78.1% vs. 84.9% participation rates. The researchers suggest that the added burdens of caring for patients with diabetes may be a contributing factor.