Articles tagged with Inflammation
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Scientists engineer mice to express human enzyme IKKbeta in fat tissue, significantly slowing weight gain and improving metabolism. The study suggests obesity is worse than inflammation for insulin resistance, offering new clues about the connections among obesity, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers discovered that crocin in saffron exerts protective effects on brain cells and prevented damage in models of MS. The study also found a link between an ancient virus and cell stress leading to inflammation in the disease.
Research at Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that Bacteroides fragilis causes colon inflammation and increases activity of a gene called spermine oxidase (SMO), leading to DNA damage and tumor formation. A compound blocking SMO enzyme activity prevented DNA damage in cells.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a computer program that can rapidly identify ideal drug combinations to prevent inflammation and combat severe diseases. By analyzing billions of potential combinations, they hope to create tailored therapies for conditions such as stroke, cancer, and Alzheimer's.
Scripps Research scientists identify a new metabolic pathway for controlling brain inflammation, suggesting anti-inflammatory drugs with tissue-specific effects. Blocking enzyme MAGL reduces brain inflammation in mice, providing protection against conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Researchers identified sulforaphane as a potential therapeutic to augment anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids in individuals with COPD. This broccoli-based compound targets Nrf2 and restores glucocorticosteroid sensitivity in macrophages from COPD patients.
A new study published in Immunity reveals that preventing necroptosis in keratinocytes is crucial for preventing skin inflammation. The research found that sensitization of keratinocytes to RIP3-mediated cell death triggers skin inflammation, which could be linked to various chronic or acute skin conditions.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered that blocking the epidermal growth factor receptor can prevent rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, a rare and debilitating kidney disease. The study also showed that certain drugs inhibiting EGF receptors may reverse the harmful effects of the disease.
Researchers identified a new type of T cell that can produce acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that blocks inflammation. This discovery suggests a novel approach to treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by targeting the nerves and T cells.
Researchers used MRI and PET/CT to prove the efficacy of dalcetrapib in preventing atherosclerosis progression and reducing vascular inflammation over 24 months. The study found significant reductions in atherosclerotic disease progression and arterial inflammation, suggesting a promising new treatment for cardiovascular disease.
The American Thoracic Society has issued guidelines on interpreting fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) levels in various clinical settings. FENO can detect eosinophilic airway inflammation, determine corticosteroid responsiveness, and monitor airway inflammation to guide treatment decisions.
A recent study discovered that a PSMB8 gene mutation causes Japanese autoinflammatory syndrome with lipodystrophy. The researchers identified the specific mechanism of the mutation and its impact on human health.
Researchers found that African-American endothelial cells produce nearly 90% more microparticles during inflammation than Caucasian cells. This increased production is associated with higher levels of hypertension in individuals.
A new study found that a nasal spray containing capsaicin from chili peppers reduces symptoms of non-allergic rhinitis. The study showed participants experienced faster relief after using the spray, on average within one minute.
A new assessment tool, SNOT-16, has been found to effectively evaluate the quality of life in adult patients with acute rhinosinusitis. The modified questionnaire assesses symptom severity and frequency, demonstrating validity and responsiveness.
A five-year study found that rheumatoid arthritis patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease due to inflammation. Treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) reduced the risk, while certain risk factors such as diabetes and high blood pressure predicted new events.
Mayo Clinic researchers are investigating why knee osteoarthritis disproportionately affects women. The study will analyze human tissues discarded during knee replacement surgery for possible biological differences in pain fibers and hormone receptors between female and male patients.
Researchers discovered that chloroquine represses inflammation by activating glucocorticoid signaling, providing a blueprint for new strategies to treat autoimmune diseases. Lysosomal functioning also plays a role in regulating glucocorticoid signaling.
A study at Ohio State University found that omega-3 supplements decreased anxiety and inflammation in healthy medical students by 20% and 14%, respectively. The results suggest that increasing omega-3 intake through diet may be a more effective approach than supplementation for overall health benefits.
A study published in Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing found that heart failure patients who followed doctor's advice for self-care had lower levels of myocardial stress and systemic inflammation. This suggests that effective self-care behaviors can influence health outcomes through multiple cardioprotective means.
Long-term exposure to air pollution can lead to physical changes in the brain and negative effects on learning, memory, and mood. Mice exposed to polluted air showed reduced cell complexity, inflammation, and depressive-like behaviors.
A study by Boston University School of Medicine shows that the quality of fat tissue, not just its quantity, contributes to inflammation and vascular disease in obese individuals. The research identified that 30% of obese subjects demonstrated reduced fat inflammation, less insulin resistance, and similar vascular function.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine found that traditional Korean medicine SCRT treatment alleviates asthma-like pulmonary inflammation via suppression of specific chemokines or proteins. The study, published online in Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, suggests a potential mechanism for reduced inflammation.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered a genetic factor that regulates obesity-induced inflammation contributing to chronic health problems. By controlling levels of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in macrophages, they may develop a novel treatment for obesity and its complications such as diabetes and heart disease.
Researchers identified a new probiotic bacteria-derived soluble protein that provides therapeutic protection against intestinal inflammation. The protein, p40, was delivered to the colon and protected mice from colitis through an EGFR-dependent mechanism.
A University of Illinois professor chaired a committee that recommends providing at least 50% of normal caloric intake, including higher protein, to reduce inflammation and promote brain repair in TBI patients. The guidelines aim to improve recovery rates for veterans and individuals with other traumatic brain injuries.
A new polymer-based system for imaging inflammation associated with wear debris shows promise in detecting early stages of bone loss in joint replacement implants. The system can also tether anti-inflammatory drugs to prevent further damage.
Georgia Health Sciences University researchers are exploring whether low levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) can identify children at risk for developing type 1 diabetes. They also plan to investigate using IL-1 inhibitors to prevent the disease.
Researchers found that drinking tart cherry juice daily can significantly reduce inflammation and cardiovascular risk in overweight adults. A cherry diet also reduced atherosclerosis and other heart disease risk factors in mice, with improved cardiovascular health leading to a 65% reduction in early death.
A recent study suggests that breast cancer patients experiencing persistent fatigue may have an imbalance in their autonomic nervous system, leading to accelerated aging. Researchers found that fatigued patients showed higher levels of stress hormones and lower parasympathetic activity compared to non-fatigued patients.
Scientists mimic the body's natural mechanism of fighting inflammation by using natural human microparticles to deliver anti-inflammatory therapeutics. This new approach could have application for various inflammatory diseases, including arthritis and temporomandibular disorders.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt have elucidated a new signaling pathway in the immune system that regulates inflammation and chronic dermatitis. The discovery provides new avenues for therapeutic intervention and potential targeted therapy for patients with unclear origin.
Researchers found obese teens had higher C-reactive protein levels, insulin resistance, and homocysteine levels, indicating chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Poor dietary quality, low in fresh produce and dairy products, was common among both groups.
Researchers found caspase enzymes control microglial activation, triggering inflammation and neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases. Caspase inhibitors showed promise in reducing activated microglia and inflammation in mice.
A study by Indiana University School of Medicine found that tanning bed radiation can cause severe skin reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis, a life-threatening condition. The researchers advise caution when using tanning beds to treat undiagnosed skin conditions.
Researchers identify thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) as a key driver of Th2 inflammation in human breast and pancreatic tumors. TSLP from cancer cells or fibroblasts fuels Th2 inflammation, promoting tumor growth.
A University of Colorado study explores the relationship between hypoxia and inflammation, finding that a protein called HIF plays a key role in the body's response to low oxygen levels. The research may help patients who undergo organ transplants or suffer from infections or cancer
A recent study found that magnesium sulfate significantly reduced neonatal brain injury associated with maternal inflammation or infection in rats. The findings suggest that magnesium therapy may be beneficial in human preterm deliveries linked to maternal/fetal inflammation.
Researchers developed an intravitreal, bioerodible implant that delivers dexamethasone to the back of the eye chamber. The study found significant improvements in intraocular inflammation and visual acuity with a single dose of the implant.
Studded winter tires grind away at road surfaces, generating dust particles linked to inflammation and diseases such as heart disease. Researchers found specific protein changes in cells related to road dust exposure, which could help understand the link between pavement dust and heart disease.
Researchers discovered a specific enzyme inhibitor, delta-protein kinase C, that can help control lung inflammation by protecting the lungs from neutrophil-mediated damage. This could lead to new therapeutic targets for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome and reducing morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis and trauma.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center discover that the CFTR protein regulates inflammation and cell death in emphysema, potentially leading to new treatments. Decreases in CFTR expression correspond to increased buildup of ceramide, a trigger of inflammation and cell death.
Researchers have discovered a protein that can prevent chronic tissue inflammation and boost the immune system. The therapeutic vaccine has been shown to effectively treat conditions like multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
A Canadian researcher has identified a small peptide, 15-1, which blocks fragments of the ubiquitous sugar molecule hyaluronan and promotes robust healing and less scarring in deep wounds. The study found that this peptide effectively reduced wound contraction, collagen deposits, inflammation, and growth of unwanted new blood vessels.
A team of scientists from Kiel University, along with international colleagues, has identified interleukin-27 as a key player in counteracting inflammation. This discovery could lead to new treatments for chronic inflammatory diseases.
Researchers found that bacteria from the mouth and gut can enter the body and contribute to inflammation and plaque rupture in atherosclerosis. The study identified specific bacteria, such as Pseudomonas luteola and Chlamydia pneumoniae, which were present in both atherosclerotic plaques and the mouths and guts of patients.
A diet study led by Lund University found that a specific diet high in antioxidants, omega fatty acids, and wholegrain products can improve memory and cognitive function. The diet also significantly reduced blood lipids, blood pressure, and inflammation markers.
Research found no evidence that doubling inhaled corticosteroids reduces need for rescue oral steroids, contradicting common practice. Increasing doses may provide false reassurance and undermine effectiveness of daily inhaled steroids.
A study found that malnutrition and inflammation status are key to understanding the effects of high cholesterol on kidney disease patients. Patients with malnutrition and/or inflammation had an inverse relationship between cholesterol levels and cardiovascular events, unlike those without these conditions.
Researchers found that mice treated with chromium picolinate had lower levels of albuminuria compared to untreated diabetic mice. The supplement reduced inflammation by affecting IDO, IL-6, and IL-7, suggesting a potential therapeutic effect.
A Mayo Clinic study found that nerve inflammation may cause postsurgical neuropathy in some patients, leading to pain, numbness, and weakness. Immunotherapy can quickly improve symptoms in these cases.
Researchers have discovered a new function of interferons, which inhibit the production of IL-1beta protein and suppress inflammation. This finding has significant implications for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
A study found that kidney transplants showing fibrosis and inflammation after one year are at increased risk of long-term transplant failure. Routine biopsies can help identify these abnormal signs and predict potential targets for early preventative treatment.
A new study found that prenatal exposure to low doses of atrazine causes prostate inflammation and delays puberty in male rats. The incidence of prostate inflammation increased significantly with the strength of the doses, while puberty was also delayed in animals exposed to atrazine.
Hydrogen sulfide has been found to be present in the fluid inside human knee joint synovial fluid and may play a role in reducing inflammation. The study found higher levels of hydrogen sulfide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, associated with lower inflammation and disease activity.
Researchers found that sulfasalazine enhances the body's ability to clear fungal debris from the lungs, reducing inflammation and promoting better lung function. The study offers a new avenue for research on Pneumocystis pneumonia and may lead to improved treatment options for patients with weakened immune systems.
NYU researchers found that periodontal inflammation increases cognitive dysfunction risk in healthy individuals and those with Alzheimer's. The study linked gum inflammation to brain inflammation, neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that angiotensin II promotes brain inflammation in multiple sclerosis, but blocking its receptors with Candesartan decreases inflammation and resolves paralysis. The protective mechanism works only in the central nervous system, and the study suggests a new potential treatment for MS.
Researchers are testing Lexiscan, a pharmacologic stress agent, in a multicenter clinical trial to reduce inflammation in sickle cell disease. The trial aims to improve symptoms such as pain and breathing problems, which can be fatal.
A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial found that high doses of ursodeoxycholic acid failed to improve overall liver histology in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Only lobular inflammation showed significant improvement in certain subgroups.