Articles tagged with Ovarian Cancer
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Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have developed a blood test that detects early stage ovarian cancer with 99% accuracy, building on previous work showing 95% effectiveness. The new platform uses six protein biomarkers instead of four, increasing specificity from 95 to 99.4%.
A new study by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center found that risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is associated with a 72% breast cancer risk reduction in women with BRCA2 mutations, compared to 38% for BRCA1 mutation carriers. The surgery also reduced the risk of gynecologic cancer by 85% in women with a BRCA1 mutation.
A collaborative study found that oral contraceptive use reduces ovarian cancer incidence by 8 per 1000 women before age 75. Long-term use significantly lowers mortality from the disease, preventing approximately two ovarian cancers and one death per 5000 woman-years of use.
A new study found no association between current or past smoking and ovarian cancer risk. However, an inverse trend of risk was observed with total caffeine and caffeinated coffee intake, particularly in women who had never used oral contraceptives or postmenopausal hormones.
A study published in The Lancet Oncology found that high-quality pre-operative ultrasound examinations can significantly decrease the number of unnecessary major surgical operations on women with suspected ovarian cancer. Experts' accuracy rates were 95%, while routine operators' accuracy was lower. Increasing ultrasound expertise is k...
Research published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that Ashkenazi Jewish women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations have a significantly longer survival rate compared to those without these mutations. After up to nine years of follow-up, carriers were 28% less likely to die from ovarian cancer.
TGFBI, an extracellular matrix protein, induces microtubule stabilization and modulates sensitivity to paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cells. The study reveals that loss of TGFBI expression can induce resistance to taxane therapy.
Researchers have made significant progress in identifying new biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer, which can aid in early detection and improve treatment outcomes. The study highlights the potential of these biomarkers as therapeutic and imaging targets.
A Phase II trial of a new combination therapy for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer showed a 33% overall response rate, twice as high as traditional chemotherapy regimens. The therapy combines flavopiridol and cisplatin and is promising for developing more effective treatments for this disease.
Researchers found that a low-fat dietary pattern reduced the risk of ovarian cancer by 40% in healthy postmenopausal women. The study followed 48,835 women for an average of 8.1 years and found no effect during the first four years due to the slow development of preventive benefits.
A low-fat diet was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women, with the greatest reduction seen in those with high fat intake before the study. The findings suggest that a low-fat dietary pattern may be beneficial in reducing cancer incidence rates.
A new study of 24,479 Australian women found that those with high levels of physical activity were more likely to develop ovarian cancer, with a statistically significant dose-response effect. The study suggests exercise may not have the protective effects previously thought, but rather an increased risk, particularly at medium levels.
Pertuzumab prolongs survival time for women with Stage 3 ovarian cancer, a Phase II clinical trial found. The experimental drug added weeks to the standard survival period and was well-tolerated by the body.
A study found that the -765G>C COX2 polymorphism increases the risk of ovarian cancer by nearly two-fold in C allele carriers and nearly three-fold in women under 53. The mutation may enhance COX-2 gene expression, inhibiting apoptosis and promoting tumour proliferation.
A laboratory study found that cranberry compounds can sensitize human ovarian cancer cells resistant to platinum drugs, potentially improving chemotherapy effectiveness. The active compounds, called 'A-type' proanthocyanidins, appear to bind and block tumor promoter proteins in ovarian cancer cells.
A Penn State research team discovered that blocking km23, a traffic cop protein, disrupts the transport of a signaling component to the nucleus, leading to reduced gene expression and cell growth. The findings may lead to diagnostic tools and earlier treatments for ovarian cancer.
Women with endometriosis face a higher risk of certain cancers, including ovarian, kidney, and thyroid cancer. However, the risk is not affected by whether or not they have given birth. Conversely, women with endometriosis are less likely to develop cervical cancer.
Recent evidence shows ovarian cancer is preceded by symptoms like gastrointestinal or urinary issues in three to four months before diagnosis. Patient groups urge women to seek medical attention for new and persistent symptoms, while experts acknowledge the need for clinical judgement and more research funding.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have shown that hormone therapy can prolong the life of some ovarian cancer patients by up to three years. The study found that targeted use of an anti-oestrogen drug could slow the growth and spread of disease in highly sensitive cancers.
Preliminary results of a Phase II trial show favorable outcomes for patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer treated with VEGF Trap. After one month, 85% of participants showed stable disease, while 41% continued to have stable disease after fourteen weeks.
Pazopanib demonstrated high response rates of 27% and stable disease in 46% of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In ovarian cancer, pazopanib showed biological activity in 41% of evaluable patients. These findings support further investigations into pazopanib's therapeutic potential.
A study published in The Lancet found that women using Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) in the UK are 20% more likely to develop and die from ovarian cancer. Researchers analyzed data from over 948,000 postmenopausal women and found a significant increase in ovarian cancer cases and deaths among HRT users.
Researchers develop genetically engineered mice with defects in Wnt/â-catenin and PI3K/Pten signaling pathways, leading to rapid tumor development and metastasis. The study aims to improve early detection and treatment of ovarian cancer.
A recent study found that one-third of ovarian cancer patients in the US fail to receive recommended comprehensive surgical treatment. Factors associated with undertreatment include age, race, and insurance status. The study highlights the need for increased access to specialized care from gynecologic oncologists.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found that knocking down a specific RNA-binding protein can inhibit ovarian tumor cell growth and invasiveness. The study suggests this protein could be a new target for diagnosis or treatment of ovarian and other cancers.
A case-control study found that women with no annual medical visits or pelvic examinations and those with no regular health care provider are at a higher risk of ovarian cancer. Postmenopausal women are particularly vulnerable to this increased risk.
A new study reveals that expert centers with extensive experience in managing cancer are more cost-effective over time, providing significantly longer quality-adjusted survival compared to less experienced medical centers. High-volume multidisciplinary centers also show better outcomes for ovarian cancer patients.
Researchers found that ovarian cancer cells form by using the PAX8 protein to direct adult stem cell proliferation. This discovery opens new avenues for basic research and provides a potential biomarker for detecting ovarian cancer.
A new study estimates the patient time costs associated with cancer care, finding that hospitalizations were the largest component of patient time costs in both initial year after diagnosis and last year of life. The estimated net patient time costs ranged from $271 for melanoma to $7,799 for gastric cancer.
Women with high levels of NAC-1 protein in their ovarian cancer tissue are at increased risk of rapid and fatal recurrence. Researchers suggest testing for NAC-1 may identify patients most at risk for recurrence, guiding doctors and patients to greater vigilance and extended therapy.
A new study reveals that a specific set of symptoms and their frequency/duration can distinguish early ovarian cancer from other causes, making it a potential rapid and cost-effective screening tool. The symptom index was found to be 57% sensitive for early disease and 80% sensitive for advanced cancer.
A study found that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are more common in the general population than previously reported, increasing the risk of ovarian, breast, testicular, and pancreatic cancers. The study also showed that these mutations are associated with higher risks of specific types of cancer.
Research highlights the increased risk of suicide among breast cancer survivors for up to 30 years after diagnosis, as well as the association between hormone therapies and ovarian cancer risk. Additionally, high levels of circulating sex hormones may contribute to premenopausal breast cancer risk.
Women under 45 who have both ovaries removed are at higher risk of death from hormone-related cancers and neurological diseases. The risk increases with age, suggesting that oestrogen may be protective at younger ages but less important after menopause.
Researchers found radiofrequency ablation effective in achieving local control in selected patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The procedure resulted in complete necrosis in five of six patients, with no evidence of recurrence after treatment.
The National Institutes of Health has launched the first phase of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project to study genomic changes in lung, brain, and ovarian cancers. The TCGA pilot project aims to identify key genomic alterations associated with cancer development and progression.
A new study by Mayo Clinic found that preventive ovary removal in younger women may lead to an increased risk of death from all causes, including estrogen-related cancers and diseases of the brain and cardiovascular system. The study suggests that hormone replacement therapy is crucial for these women.
A new study found significant differences in histological types of epithelial ovarian cancer depending on body mass index (BMI), with obese women having a worse outcome. Higher BMI was also associated with decreasing survival rates and increased risk of mortality.
A new study from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center found that obesity can affect the progression and outcome of ovarian cancer, with obese women experiencing shorter survival times and earlier death. The study suggests that excess fat may be excreting a hormone or protein that causes ovarian cancer cells to grow more aggressively.
A large population-based study found that 2.4% of breast-cancer cases carried BRCA1 mutations and 2.3% carried BRCA2 mutations, with variations in mutation rates among different racial and ethnic groups. The study also identified predictors of carrying these mutations, including family history and age at diagnosis.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have developed a nanoparticle delivery system that targets ovarian cancer cells, reducing tumor size and incidence by up to 98%. The fatty spheres loaded with siRNA also attack the tumor's blood supply, inducing cell suicide and increasing cell death among cancer cells.
A phase III study found that adding topotecan to standard chemotherapy for ovarian cancer does not increase overall survival or reduce cancer recurrence. The treatment instead leads to more blood-related toxicities and infections.
A preclinical study by the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found that chronic stress hormones stimulate tumor growth and spread in mice with ovarian cancer. Reducing stress using a medication commonly prescribed for heart disease slows tumor growth.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have identified potential ovarian cancer stem cells, which may be responsible for tumor recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy. These stem-like cells were found in mouse and human ovarian cancer lines, and were sensitive to certain treatment approaches.
A study published in JAMA found that removing ovaries can significantly reduce the risk of ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations. The procedure offers an 80% reduction in cancer risk, making it a recommended preventive measure for these high-risk individuals.
A recent study found that regular paracetamol use could lower the risk of ovarian cancer by up to 30% in women. The analysis of eight major studies covering over 746,000 women revealed a strong correlation between paracetamol use and reduced ovarian cancer risk.
A recent study has found that childhood cancer survivors are more likely to experience premature menopause, with radiation to the ovaries and certain chemotherapy treatments identified as major risk factors. The study's results have significant implications for counseling and treatment strategies for affected survivors.
The Yale University-developed technology has shown higher sensitivity and specificity than current commercially available tests for early-stage ovarian cancer. The technology, which analyzes serum proteins associated with cancer biology, will be developed and commercialized by SurExam to improve the health of women in China.
Researchers found that patients with higher HtrA1 levels responded better to chemotherapy, while lower levels were associated with resistance. The study suggests HtrA1 mediates cancer cell killing and loss of HtrA1 contributes to chemotherapy resistance.
Researchers used gene therapy to treat ovarian cancer in a mouse model, achieving complete inhibition of tumor growth in some mice and significant inhibition in others. The treatment offers a promising alternative to harsh current treatments for this deadly disease.
A study of 53 patients with ovarian cancer found that PET-CT was more accurate than CT alone and PET alone in detecting tumor recurrence. The results suggest earlier and more definitive detection of recurrent ovarian cancer through combining anatomical and functional imaging.
Researchers found that ginger causes both apoptosis and autophagic cell death in ovarian cancer cells, potentially circumventing resistance to conventional chemotherapy. The study suggests ginger may be a promising new treatment option for ovarian cancer with minimal side effects.
Researchers found that former smokers have higher CC10 levels than current smokers, which may help explain the lower risk of lung cancer among quitters. Additionally, first-degree relatives of never-smoking lung cancer patients are at increased risk of cancer and early diagnosis compared to healthy never-smokers.
A pilot study found elevated Bcl-2 levels in patients with ovarian cancer, associated with 92% of cases, while CA125 tests identified only 68%. The research aims to develop a safe, non-invasive detection method for ovarian cancer.
Researchers have identified a multi-marker panel of 20 proteins that correctly recognize over 98% of serum samples from women with ovarian cancer, offering higher diagnostic power than any other published assay. The study uses novel technology to analyze multiple proteins in a single drop of blood or serum and aims to develop this scre...
A new trial combining thalidomide and topotecan shows a 47% overall response rate, compared to 21% for topotecan alone. Women treated with the combination had improved disease-free survival and trended towards increased overall survival.
A new study provides guidelines to help doctors evaluate common test abnormalities and detect ovarian cancer with precision in asymptomatic postmenopausal women. The criteria use ultrasound and CA-125 tests to identify high-risk women, resulting in accurate detection of malignancy in over 100% of cases.
Researchers found that a nitric oxide-releasing aspirin derivative, NCX-4016, reacts with thiols in ovarian cancer cells to stop proliferation and increase susceptibility to chemotherapy. This treatment may offer new hope for patients with resistant ovarian cancer.
Biologists at Brown University and the University of California–Berkeley have discovered a critical role for two proteins – TAF4b and c-Jun – in the growth and nurturing of granulosa cells that surround eggs. The finding provides important new information about fertility and may lead to better in-vitro fertilization therapies.
Research found no significant association between hospital case volume and short-term mortality after ovarian cancer surgery. However, patients treated by gynecologic oncologists had the best outcomes and lowest mortality rates. Long-term outcomes were slightly more favorable for high-volume hospitals, but this difference was modest.