Research on antibodies and their uses. Covers engineered antitoxin antibodies, long-lasting immunity, monoclonal therapies, and antiviral T cells.
Researchers found Ebola virus antibodies in 10% of patients seeking care in the year before the 2018 outbreak, highlighting potential for more frequent exposure. Women were significantly more likely to be exposed, consistent with other studies.
Researchers found a subset of COVID-19 patients who cleared the disease quickly and sustained virus-specific antibody production, indicating a more effective immune response. These 'sustainers' had shorter symptoms and differences in memory T cell populations and B cells.
A retrospective surveillance study of over 10,000 plasma samples found that more than 1.7 million New Yorkers have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, indicating the virus was present in the city before the first confirmed case. The infection fatality rate is close to 1 percent, ten times deadlier than the flu.
A study of UK oncology staff found that many had COVID-19 antibodies without symptoms and lost positivity after four weeks. Researchers propose routine testing for signs of current or previous infection to protect staff and cancer patients.
Research found that over 90% of individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 produce antibodies strong enough to neutralize SARS-CoV-2. The antibody response is relatively stable for at least five months, correlating with the body's ability to neutralize the virus.
Researchers found stable antibody titers in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients for at least five months. The study suggests that these long-lasting antibodies may protect against reinfection and attenuate disease severity.
A new Portuguese study shows that 90% of subjects have detectable antibodies 40 days to 7 months post contracting COVID-19. Age is not a confounding factor in levels of antibodies produced, but disease severity is observed.
A study examined the seropositive prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China, finding a significant seropositive rate among residents. The results showed differences in antibody prevalence by sex and age group, highlighting the importance of vaccination efforts.
Researchers developed a new imaging method that maps HIV's sugary shield in unprecedented detail, shedding light on its structure and dynamic nature. The technique has the potential to improve vaccine design by targeting vulnerable sites on HIV and other glycan-shielded viruses.
Researchers identified a direct molecular link between meat and dairy diets and the development of cancer-associated antibodies in the blood, increasing cancer risk. The study found that consuming large amounts of red meat and cheese leads to high levels of these antibodies.
Researchers found that antibody levels in recovered COVID-19 patients drop rapidly, making convalescent plasma a potential treatment option if collected during a specific window of time after recovery.
Research by University of Bergen scientists has found that patients with critical COVID-19 often have antibodies blocking interferons, a crucial part of the body's defense system. This finding may explain gender differences in severe COVID-19 cases and offer potential treatment options.
A team of NYU scientists has developed a holographic imaging method to detect both viruses and antibodies, enabling rapid and accurate diagnoses. This breakthrough could speed up patient treatment, reduce misdiagnosis risks, and lower healthcare costs.
Researchers studied antibody production in nearly 6,000 people and found high-quality antibodies still being produced five to seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunity is stable for at least five months, and may last much longer.
Researchers found that higher antibody levels in sicker patients correlate with disease severity, but surprisingly, many elderly patients produced as strong an antibody response as younger adults. The study suggests that a vaccine may not need to achieve the highest possible RBD-S antibody levels.
Researchers found that too little sugar can lead to more bone-eating cells in people with bone marrow cancer. A special type of sugar water was shown to reduce perforations and cancer growth in mice with bone marrow cancer. Further animal experiments are needed to develop a treatment for humans.
Researchers found that COVID-19 patients can retain antibodies in their saliva and blood for at least three months. The study used saliva and blood samples from over 100 patients to measure antibody levels, showing that IgG antibodies bind to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are detectable for 115 days.
Research shows COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes have similar immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 'spike' protein. Higher blood glucose levels are strongly associated with increased mortality in both groups.
Researchers at Mount Sinai will lead capacity-building efforts for serological testing and analyze antibody responses in lung cancer patients. They will also examine the immune response to COVID-19 and its impact on vaccine development.
Researchers developed an immunomodulatory feed additive to boost chickens' immune response against coccidiosis, a parasite-borne intestinal disease. The treatment showed promise in promoting gut health and reducing the effects of severe infection, but may not prevent disease altogether.
Researchers found a significant correlation between matched DBS and serum samples, with minimal differences in results. DBS achieved 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein antibodies.
Researchers have identified a new target for creating flavivirus vaccines by targeting specific locations on the virus. This approach aims to remove memory B cells from the vaccination equation and avoid antibody-dependent enhancement of infection, which can result in more severe symptoms.
A longitudinal study of COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors found that antibodies against the virus decline within three months of symptom onset. Donating plasma within this timeframe ensures higher antibody titers, which are essential for effective treatment.
A study found that 78% of people with sudden loss of smell had COVID-19 antibodies, highlighting the significance of this symptom. Loss of smell is a highly specific symptom of COVID-19 and should be urgently recognized globally.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a novel immunotherapy platform called imuGlue, which connects mussel adhesive proteins to antibodies used in immune checkpoint inhibitors.
A cocktail of powerful antibodies from recovered COVID-19 patients locks down the infection machinery, preventing the virus from entering cells. The antibodies protect hamsters from infection when exposed to the coronavirus, also setting off the infection-fighting actions of other immune cells.
A study of UK key workers found that around half who reported COVID-19 symptoms did not test positive for antibodies, suggesting other conditions. The research suggests self-reported symptoms overestimate COVID-19 disease relative to serology.
A study found significant variation in commercial antibody kit performance, with some tests accurate as sophisticated laboratory technologies. Lateral flow immunoassays demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, offering potential usefulness in healthcare settings.
Researchers have discovered two antibodies that shield mice from lethal influenza B virus infections, offering a promising basis for a new treatment. These broadly protective antibodies target the critical viral enzyme neuraminidase, which could help combat a more effective and widespread flu medication.
A head-to-head comparison of five SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays reveals that the Siemens and Oxford assays performed with the highest sensitivity and specificity, meeting regulatory targets. The study emphasizes the importance of accurately evaluating test performance to understand limitations and improve usage.
Nationwide COVID-19 antibody seroprevalence studies in Brazil show that cities along the Amazon River were severely affected at the beginning of the pandemic, as well as poorer and Indigenous communities. The research highlights a cluster of high prevalence in 11 cities along the Amazon River, with levels among the highest ever reported.
Pediatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19 exhibit altered immune responses, limited antibody production, and improved outcomes. Children generally experience milder symptoms and lower mortality rates than adults, potentially linked to differences in innate immunity.
Researchers develop a novel approach to detect and defend against hardware Trojans by adapting human immune system principles. The proposed mechanism uses an irregular network topology and machine learning-based anomaly detection to identify malicious attacks.
Researchers develop a combination therapy using near-infrared light-induced heat and anti-CD47 antibody to enhance cancer treatment. The treatment promotes local and systemic anticancer immune responses, showing great potential for solid tumors.
Researchers at UTHealth are enrolling patients in a nationwide trial testing laboratory-made antibodies and experimental treatments to prevent severe COVID-19 illness. The Phase II trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these treatments in non-hospitalized adults with mild COVID-19.
Researchers have developed an immune-oncology approach that uses nanobodies to target cancer cells and boost the body's natural immune response. The new therapy has shown promise in treating multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia, and could lead to new treatments for a range of cancers.
Researchers at Université catholique de Louvain have discovered a molecule that blocks immune responses in cancer patients, and are now developing an immunotherapy to neutralize it. The treatment combines anti-GARP antibodies with another proven approach to increase effectiveness in fighting cancer.
A UK hospital study found that intensive care staff have the lowest risk of COVID-19 infection, while cleaners and BAME workers were found to be at higher risk. The study suggests that type of personal protective equipment worn may play a key role in these differences.
Researchers analyzed COVID-19 patients' antibody responses to guide vaccine development, finding that neutralizing activity typically drops within one month post-hospital discharge and severe cases have non-neutralizing antibodies contributing to reinfection risk.
Research suggests that robust T-cell responses are key to durable protection against coronaviruses, rather than short-lived antibody responses. Long-lasting T-cells can provide years of immunity and may prevent adverse reactions such as antibody-dependent enhancement.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University developed a rapid, reliable, and low-cost antibody test using lab-on-a-chip technology. The device can detect the presence and quantity of COVID-19 antibodies in diluted blood plasma within 30 minutes, making it feasible for nationwide testing.
Two Russian vaccine trials found no serious adverse effects and induced an immune response in participants. The trials used a two-part vaccine with adenovirus vectors and demonstrated a good safety profile.
Two Russian phase 1/2 trials found that vaccine candidates induced an antibody response and elicited a T cell response in all participants within 28 days. The trials, involving 76 healthy adults, showed no serious adverse events over 42 days, paving the way for large-scale use of the vaccines.
Researchers created a system that uses CRISPR to briefly suppress genes related to AAV antibody production, allowing the virus to deliver its cargo unimpeded. The study shows promise for improving gene therapy's effectiveness and preventing or treating sepsis in mice.
Two MDC scientists, Dr. Kathrin de la Rosa and Dr. Ilaria Piazza, have been awarded European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grants to fund their innovative projects in proteomics and immunology.
A new approach to diagnosing COVID-19 combines rapid point-of-care nucleic acid testing with antibody tests, resulting in a significant increase in detection rates. The combined method was shown to be 100% accurate in identifying patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center discovered a distinct antibody profile in patients with non-celiac gluten sensitivity, which differs from those with celiac disease. This finding could lead to better detection methods and potential new therapies for celiac disease treatment.
A study published in Science found that prior Zika virus infection significantly increases the risk of both symptomatic and more severe forms of dengue disease. This interaction, known as antibody-dependent enhancement, could make it harder to design a safe and effective vaccine.
Researchers discovered that when the foreign antigen is more flexible, the germinal centre can employ a greater number of evolution strategies to make antibodies that bind foreign but not self-molecules. The study provides new insights for vaccine design and may help address the major roadblock in generating effective HIV vaccines.
The UCI system uses lab-on-a-chip technology to detect COVID-19 antibodies in a low-cost, portable imaging platform. The device can process hundreds of antibody responses simultaneously, enabling accurate testing and potentially informing public health strategies.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison discovered that patients taking opioid painkillers produce anti-opioid antibodies, which may limit the benefit of an anti-opioid vaccine. The study found a correlation between recent opioid dose exposure and antibody production.
A pilot study found that long-term opioid users develop chronic inflammation and heightened pain sensitivity, which could be influenced by their immune system producing antibodies against the drugs. The researchers are now working on isolating key opioid antigenic intermediates in the body that prompt antibody production.
Researchers found that seasonal flu vaccination boosts antibody-producing cells, but most are lost within a year. The study suggests longer-lasting 'universal' flu vaccines and improved vaccine design could address this issue.
Researchers found that flu vaccines induce short-lived bone marrow plasma cells, which decline to pre-vaccination levels within a year. The study suggests that the longevity of flu vaccines can be improved by enhancing the persistence of these cells.
A preliminary analysis of 300+ COVID-19 patients treated with convalescent plasma suggests the treatment is safe and effective. The results show that patients who received plasma early in their illness had a lower mortality rate compared to those who did not.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine discovered a new tool to enhance tumor immunotherapy by blocking the TREM2 protein, resulting in complete elimination of tumors. A clinical trial could follow with existing anti-TREM2 antibodies already in trials for another disease.
A study of 200 maternity workers found that 14.5% tested positive for COVID-19 antibodies, with 35.5% being asymptomatic. More than half (58.6%) of those who tested positive did not self-isolate and continued to work in hospitals.
Sweden's policy of controlled spread of COVID-19 has failed to deliver herd immunity, with actual antibody prevalence lower than predicted. Clinical findings suggest that mildly ill or asymptomatic patients are less likely to acquire antibodies.
Researchers found that intestinal microbes direct antibody development before infection, with diverse B cell receptors shaped by beneficial bacteria. This process is not random and can be influenced by the type of microbe and its location in the body.
A researcher at Catholic University of America uses computer models to understand the structure of viruses, aiming to create effective antibodies against COVID-19. His findings suggest that mutated versions of existing antibodies could be produced to neutralize the virus.