Articles tagged with Disease Control
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research estimates that CLABSI prevention strategies have prevented up to 200,000 central line-associated bloodstream infections among ICU patients in the US since 1990. New technologies and guidelines have improved central line insertion and maintenance practices, reducing healthcare-associated infections nationwide.
Researchers have successfully infected mosquitoes with the Wolbachia bacterium, rendering them immune to malaria parasites. The scientists maintained a stable infection in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes for 34 generations, and all infected female mosquitoes became infected within eight generations when mated with uninfected males.
ADAM10, a protein that prevents β-amyloid formation, is removed from synapses through association with AP2. This study identifies pathological mechanisms controlling protein localization at the synapse in Alzheimer's disease.
Harvard researchers have discovered a novel hormone that regulates glucose production in the liver, offering new avenues for treating type 2 diabetes. The study found that switching off this hormone improves glucose metabolism, providing a potential therapeutic target.
A cross-sectional study of 1,870 individuals found that long-lived families have a reduced risk of cognitive impairment consistent with Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests a delayed onset of disease in these families, protecting their members but not later in life.
Researchers found that testing patients with three risk factors upon hospital admission can identify nearly three-fourths of asymptomatic C. difficile carriers, who are the primary source of transmission in hospitals. The study suggests a targeted screening approach to control C. difficile infection.
A new study by the University of Texas Health Science Center suggests that inflammation plays a significant role in the development of Parkinson's disease. The researchers found that exposure to an experimental inflammatory agent caused changes in brain tissue similar to those associated with PD, highlighting the potential for therapeu...
Researchers found that partial sleep deprivation led to less healthy vascular function and impaired breathing control. After a short period of normal sleep, vascular function returned to baseline, suggesting an adaptive response. The study suggests a mechanism behind the connection between sleep loss and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have invented a new way to zip and unzip DNA strands using electrochemistry, enabling fast control at constant temperatures without dramatic changes in solution conditions. This method uses DNA intercalators that bind differently to DNA depending on their electrical state, allowing for rapid and precise control.
As malaria incidence declines, it becomes increasingly concentrated in specific locations and groups, making targeted approaches crucial. Effective identification and treatment of infected individuals, particularly migrant workers and mobile populations, are essential for successful malaria elimination.
Researchers found that temporarily blocking a critical protein helps the immune system fight off chronic infection, reversing many immune problems. The discovery suggests new approaches to treating persistent viral infections like HIV and hepatitis C.
Researchers found a few hundred super-enhancers control key genes in healthy cells, but cancer cells create their own to overproduce harmful oncogenes leading to aggressive tumors.
Researchers are developing implantable electrical devices to target specific cells in the body and control diseases like inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Initial results show that it is possible to manipulate neural signals specific to different inflammatory mediators.
Unused medical supplies can become contaminated with multidrug-resistant organisms, leading to increased healthcare costs. Hydrogen peroxide vapor disinfection has been shown to effectively sanitize the outside of packages, reducing contamination rates and associated costs.
A study published in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology found that a dedicated daily cleaning crew can effectively reduce C. difficile contamination in hospital rooms. The intervention included a standardized disinfection process, which significantly improved disinfection rates compared to traditional cleaning practices.
The World Heart Federation has published a new position statement outlining five strategic targets to achieve its goal of reducing premature deaths from rheumatic heart disease (RHD) among individuals aged <25 years by 2025. The targets include comprehensive register-based control programmes, global access to benzathine penicillin G, a...
A multinational study reveals that dengue is more prevalent globally than previously estimated, with 390 million infections annually, and Asia accounting for 70% of the burden.
Researchers at Yale University have found that AgRP neurons, which regulate appetite, also impact immune cell function. Suppressing these neurons can lead to increased inflammation and vulnerability to autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis.
A study presented at the American Heart Association's Epidemiology and Prevention/Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism 2013 Scientific Sessions found that physically active healthcare providers were significantly more likely to counsel their patients on incorporating daily physical activity into their lives. The findings suggest...
According to the study, nearly 75% of commercial pre-packaged meals and savory snacks for toddlers are high in sodium. The American Heart Association recommends limiting sodium consumption to less than 1500mg per day. Parents can choose healthier options by reading nutrition labels on baby and toddler foods.
Researchers successfully used TALENS to edit the mosquito genome, changing eye color and enabling a new approach to controlling disease transmission. This breakthrough technology holds promise for developing pathogen-resistant mosquitoes and blocking virus transmission by the mosquito.
A recent study reveals that antibiotic-resistant E. coli strain ST131 is increasingly found in hospitals and long-term care facilities, particularly among older adults and nursing home residents. The study found that LTCF residence was the strongest predictor of ST131 infection, with LTCF residents having 8 times the risk of contractin...
The study found that green leafy vegetables interact with a cell surface receptor to switch on the T-bet gene, producing innate lymphoid cells crucial for immune surveillance and gut health. These immune cells may aid in treating bacterial infections, promoting good bacteria, and preventing bowel cancers.
A new study found that CRE-positive patients took an average of 387 days to be clear of the organism after hospital discharge. Risk factors for extended carriage included multiple hospitalizations and active infections.
Dr. Howard Koh, Assistant Secretary for Health, receives the highest honor from SOPHE for his work in disease prevention, health promotion, and eliminating health disparities. His efforts catalyze action across public and private partners to strengthen the nation's public health systems.
A recent study suggests that eliminating malaria transmission completely can lead to reduced economic costs and improved public health outcomes in affected countries. Malaria elimination is found to be stable over time, with most eliminated countries experiencing low malaria transmission rates.
A new device encircles the esophagus valve to control chronic acid reflux, easing symptoms in 92% of patients and allowing 87% to stop using acid-suppressing drugs. Installation is minimally invasive, taking one to two hours, and patients experience significant improvement with 94% satisfaction.
Primary care clinicians may be missing three-fourths of the alcohol problems in their patients due to relying on hunches rather than screening questions. Regular screening with brief alcohol questions can identify individuals at risk and reduce risky drinking, according to a new study.
Researchers at Penn State University have developed a method to determine how to focus disease-control strategies based on individuals most likely to spread the infection. By analyzing classroom schedules and human-networking theory, they created a low-cost but effective way to predict disease outbreaks in closed groups.
A systematic review assesses the reliability of global mapping of infectious diseases, finding that only a small percentage have been mapped reliably. The study suggests using novel solutions like crowdsourcing to gather data, such as analyzing Twitter messages about disease.
A study found that hospital infection preventionists generally agree on the effectiveness of certain practices in preventing healthcare-associated infections. These practices include alcohol-based hand rub, aseptic urinary catheter insertion, and maximum sterile barriers during central venous catheter insertion. However, non-certified ...
The African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control has had a major health impact, reducing blindness and itching cases by millions, while costing only $250 million. The program saved an estimated 8 million healthy years of life, at a cost of just $30 per year.
A large-scale study reveals that parasites and inadequate prenatal care contribute significantly to epilepsy prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. The research found that adults with parasitic infections were 1.5-3 times more likely to have epilepsy than those without exposure.
The study highlights links between NTDs and socio-economic prosperity, finding that integrated treatment efforts are cost-effective public health interventions. The report recommends prioritizing NTD programs worldwide to improve health and prosperity for over 1 billion people.
Researchers suggest that vaccinating around 46% of Haitians could arrest the spread of cholera. Using mathematical models to target immunization campaigns can help control recurrent outbreaks and slow transmission rates.
Researchers found no correlation between Parkinson's disease itself and impulse control symptoms, contradicting previous studies. The study suggests that dopamine-related medications may be the primary cause of these disorders.
Researchers found no link between untreated Parkinson's and impulse control disorders. However, studies suggest that exposure to dopamine-related drugs may increase impulsive behaviors in patients with the disease.
A study published in the American Journal of Infection Control found that using alcohol-impregnated disinfection caps on central line hubs reduced CLABSI cases by 52%. The intervention also led to significant reductions in infection rates and estimated annual preventable cases, suggesting a promising approach to improving catheter care.
A new textbook provides clinical guidelines for treating tobacco addiction, shifting attitudes among health professionals towards viewing smoking as an addiction. The book aims to increase the success rate of quitting smoking among Canadians.
A Canadian hospital detected New Delhi Metallo-ß-lactamase-1-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (NDM1-Kp), a multidrug-resistant bacteria. The bacteria was found in seven patients, acquired through direct contact with an index patient.
A study found that young black males with high hormone aldosterone are at risk for cardiovascular disease due to retaining too much salt, leading to enlarged heart muscles and high blood pressure. Researchers suggest early use of aldosterone inhibitors to control blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Researchers found that hospital cleaning protocols are often inadequate to remove multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from patient rooms, with over half of rooms still contaminated after terminal cleaning. Persistent room contamination poses a risk for future patients, highlighting the need for improved infection control measures.
A Turkish biologist's review of existing scientific literature suggests that releasing non-native guineafowl in Turkey to eat ticks may actually spread the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. The birds carry ticks on their feathers, which could facilitate the spread of the disease despite initial intentions.
Researchers suggest that physicians use tools from behavioral economics and social psychology to motivate patients to control their chronic diseases. Techniques include helping patients form specific plans, breaking big goals into smaller tasks, and using cash payments as a motivator.
Two new research projects have been awarded £12.2 million in funding to tackle Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus and emerging poultry viruses. The projects will focus on developing novel solutions for disease control, including the use of weakened viruses to prompt an immune response.
A study by the University of Edinburgh warns that funding cuts to global tobacco control will disproportionately affect developing countries. Millions in these countries risk increased smoking deaths due to reduced travel support for delegates from poorer nations.
A new pneumococcal vaccine has been shown to prevent 93% of cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in healthy infants who received at least one dose. The vaccine's effectiveness against IPD was confirmed by the Finnish Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Vaccine Trial, which tracked over 46,000 children under 19 months.
Researchers at George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences discover a new regulator of the blood coagulation cascade, p21-activated Kinase-1 (PAK1) signaling. The study finds that PAK1 regulates both positive and negative regulators of coagulation, promoting a hypercoagulant state.
A gene variant known as R47H in TREM2 nearly triples the risk of Alzheimer's disease, according to a global team including Mayo Clinic researchers. The study identified rare variants in TREM2 associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's, with the R47H variant showing strong association with the disease.
Researchers used DNA sequencing to map an MRSA outbreak in a special care baby unit, tracking its spread into the community. The technique allowed for quicker identification and isolation of outbreaks, containing the infection and preventing substantial illness.
A new study reveals that metalloacid-coated surfaces exhibit strong antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms, including those resistant to multiple antibiotics. The coating's ability to produce acidic pH through oxonium ions significantly limits the survival of microbes on coated surfaces.
A new study calls for a global system to monitor infectious diseases in companion dogs and cats, which can transmit zoonotic diseases to humans. The World Small Animal Veterinary Association recommends a coordinated global disease monitoring system for veterinarians working with small companion animals.
A study found that most patients believe healthcare workers should wash their hands before and after patient care, but only a minority feel comfortable asking them to do so. The study suggests that patient empowerment is key to improving hand hygiene behaviors among healthcare workers.
Kent Campbell, PATH's Malaria Control Program director, received the LePrince Medal for his work on controlling malaria in Africa. Through his leadership, more than one million child deaths have been prevented, and Zambia became the first country to achieve high coverage with malaria control tools.
A new study considers how to manage epidemics in information blackouts, particularly in the US where privacy laws restrict data accessibility. The researchers used land cover maps to approximate farm locations and developed a mathematical model that can provide accurate predictions about disease spread.
A recent study published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology found that T-cells responsible for controlling herpes viruses are reduced significantly during new infections, allowing latent viruses to reactivate. This understanding could lead to prevention strategies and improved treatment options for people with herpes.
Researchers at Temple University have identified a mitochondrial 'gatekeeper' protein called MICU1 that regulates calcium influx into the cell's power source. This finding may lead to new therapeutic options for diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegeneration.
A new focus section discusses a new, improved shingles vaccine and alternative therapies to control symptoms. Experts emphasize the need for continued attention from public health, physicians, and researchers to address this debilitating condition.
A new study found that large hospital ICUs have higher rates of CAUTIs but are less likely to implement prevention policies. Researchers suggest recent federal regulations may refocus attention on CAUTI prevention in US hospitals.
Researchers found that levels of IL-6 and IL-12 were higher among patients with sarcoidosis compared to controls. Mold/fungi levels in the home also showed a significant relation to β-glucan levels. The study supports the hypothesis that exposure to fungi increases the risk of sarcoidosis.