Articles tagged with Cell Proliferation
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Adult stem cells in fruit flies undergo self-renewal and differentiation through competition between Bam and COP9 proteins. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms controlling balance between these functions, which could inform therapies to regenerate diseased tissue.
Researchers found that functional electrical stimulation promotes endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and improves motor function in acute cerebral infarction rats. The treatment also enhances expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor.
A new study reveals that gut microbes metabolize carbohydrates, causing intestinal cell proliferation and tumor formation in mice genetically predisposed to colorectal cancer. Treatment with antibiotics or a low-carbohydrate diet significantly reduced tumors, suggesting these interventions could prevent this type of cancer in humans.
Researchers at CNIO discover that NANOG gene is active in adult organisms, regulating cell division in stratified epithelia. Blocking NANOG action reduces tumour cell proliferation, highlighting its role in cancerous cells.
Resveratrol has been found to control the body's inflammatory response by binding to the estrogen receptor without stimulating cell proliferation. This study reveals a new pathway for resveratrol's beneficial effects in aging, inflammation, and metabolism.
Researchers found functional electrical stimulation can promote endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and improve motor function in rats with acute cerebral infarction. The treatment also enhanced expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham have developed a new substance to simplify stem cell manufacturing, enabling mass-production of complex living materials. The innovation allows for both self-renewal and differentiation in a single step process, with implications for regenerative medicine.
Researchers at CNIO discovered blocking Cdh1 protein prevents cellular proliferation in rapidly dividing cells. This could lead to new therapies targeting cancer.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have identified a naturally occurring agent that targets a gene important for the growth of leukoplakia cells, which can lead to head and neck cancer. Pharmacological inhibition of this gene reduced cell movement and proliferation in leukoplakia cells.
Researchers found increased cell proliferation and alpha-cell expansion in pancreases of individuals with Type 2 diabetes treated with incretin therapy, a widely used type of treatment. The study suggests a possible link between GLP-1-based therapies and an increased risk of neuroendocrine tumors.
Research presented at the American Society of Animal Science meeting found that moderate exercise during gestation can positively affect ovarian cell development. The study showed increased cell proliferation in ovaries from fetuses born to exercising mothers, suggesting potential benefits for future fertility.
A protein complex has been identified that acts as a molecular switch turning on the self-regeneration program in the liver, allowing ordinary liver cells to divide and repair tissue damage. This finding challenges the current focus on stem cells and may lead to easier therapeutic treatments.
New research reveals how primitive cells could have replicated without crucial structures, shedding light on the earliest forms of cellular life. Genetic changes required for L-form growth identified, including increased fatty acid production and imbalance between surface area and volume.
Researchers at the University of Illinois discovered that adult, non-sexual stem cells in S. mansoni can migrate to various parts of its body and replenish tissues. This finding may provide insight into the parasite's extraordinary staying power.
A study by USF and VA researchers found that traumatic brain injury leads to progressive brain deterioration, causing elevated inflammation and suppressed cell regeneration. Therapeutic intervention can still help prevent cell death in the chronic stage of TBI.
A team of investigators has identified a previously unknown mechanism regulating oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), a natural response to tumor development. Down-regulation of deoxyribonucleoside pools causes DNA damage, leading to cell cycle arrest and senescence. Restoration of depleted dNTP pools can suppress DNA damage and OIS.
The International Society for Advancement of Cytometry presented its 2012 awards to Dr. Leon Terstappen and Dr. Robert Leif, recognizing their innovative work in cytometry technology. The awards also honored Drs. Jan Visser and Peter Lansdorp for their significant contributions to the field and society.
A new study at University of Illinois Chicago found that the enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) helps cancer cells survive during initial tumor formation and when they spread to other organs. AMPK promotes cell survival by regulating NADPH, a molecule that reduces harmful reactive-oxygen species.
Researchers discovered that reduced expression of OGFr accelerates tumorigenesis in human ovarian cancer. The OGF-OGFr axis plays a fundamental role in regulating cell proliferation.
The study highlights the chain reaction required to prevent tumor formation, involving protein kinase ATM and its regulation of p53 and Mdm2. This new understanding may lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches to cancer.
Researchers have discovered a critical protein called calpain that contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension in adults. Blocking this protein may prove effective in preventing narrow, scarred blood vessels and treating the condition.
Researchers successfully expanded hematopoietic stem cells a hundredfold by understanding the molecular mechanisms of self-renewal. The study reveals that proliferation, suppression of differentiation and programmed cell death are required for self-renewal.
A new study reveals that high-pressure processing increases the concentration of total carotenoids in avocado and papaya by more than 50 percent. Individual members of this healthful family of chemicals increase by up to 513 percent, suggesting a self-defense mechanism in fruit tissue.
Researchers at University of Florida have developed a technique to separate neural wheat from chaff in brain cell generation, enabling precise doses of therapeutic neurons. This technology holds promise for treating disorders like Huntington's disease, spinal cord injuries, and Parkinson's disease.
Researchers at the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases have identified a key player in muscle repair: the gene Ezh2. By activating this gene, satellite cells may proliferate and compensate for underlying defects, potentially increasing quality of life for individuals with degenerative diseases.
High expression of TRIM24 in breast cancer correlates with poor survival, as it disables tumor suppressor p53 and stimulates estrogen receptor activity. The study suggests that TRIM24 could be a therapeutic target to prevent breast tumorigenesis.
USF researchers discovered that human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCB) promote the growth and differentiation of hippocampal neurons in both young and old laboratory animals. HUCBs have been found to enhance survival, maturation, and arborization of key brain cells, potentially benefiting treating brain injury and degenerative disease...
A novel protein called ORCA has been identified as crucial for the initiation of DNA replication and the organization of heterochromatin in mammalian cells. Its depletion leads to defects in cellular proliferation and cell cycle arrest, highlighting its critical role in controlling uncontrolled cell growth.
A new study has identified a specific gene product that may be responsible for the proliferation of adenotonsillar tissue in children with OSA. The study suggests that blocking the phosphatase protein PSPH could be a potential therapeutic target for reversing adenotonsillar enlargement and treating pediatric OSA.
Researchers used computational approaches to analyze a human myeloid leukemia cell line's transcription factor network. They identified specific subnetworks of proteins that play a role in cell differentiation, and found the network to be redundant and resilient.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck have discovered that BASP1 inhibits uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation caused by the Myc gene, which is a key factor in tumor development.
A recent study demonstrates that the polycomb group protein Bmi-1 plays a crucial role in maintaining forebrain neural stem cell self-renewal. The findings show that overexpression of Bmi-1 increases stem cell self-renewal both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting its potential for neural regeneration and repair.
Researchers found that PPAR-gamma ligands can suppress stomach cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and arresting the G1 phase. The study also showed that these compounds may be useful for targeting therapy of gastric cancer.
Researchers discovered that blocking proteins produced by the MYC oncogene can halt ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Using RNA interference, they silenced c-Myc and L-Myc proteins in lab cultures with amplified MYC, preventing cancer cell growth.
Researchers at University of California, Berkeley discovered that blocking proteins coded by notorious gene MYC can stop ovarian cancer cell proliferation. By using RNA interference and small interfering RNA to silence L-Myc and N-Myc proteins, the scientists were able to shut down growth in non-amplified MYC tumors.
A recent study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology demonstrates that lithium inhibits the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting GSK-3beta. This finding suggests a novel possibility for the treatment of esophageal cancer with lithium chloride, providing new hope for patients with this disease.
Researchers discovered that imiquimod, an immune response modifier, relies on the Opioid Growth Factor (OGF)-OGF receptor axis for its action. This finding provides new insights into the mechanism of imiquimod's antiviral and antitumor activity.
Researchers have discovered that AHI1 protein instability contributes to Joubert syndrome, while Ahi1-HAP1 complex interactions regulate brain development. In contrast, studies on leprosy and atherosclerosis reveal links between innate immunity and human lipid metabolism, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.
GAL-3 stimulates pancreatic stellate cell activation, which promotes the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. This interaction provides a new therapeutic target for controlling pancreatic cancer.
A study published in the EMBO Journal reveals that distinct signaling pathways between neighboring cells regulate cell division. Notch and Wnt/Wingless pathways control proliferation through gene effectors dMyc and bantam, which instruct E2F to activate the cell division machinery.
The study reveals that c-Cbl suppresses HSC self-renewal, leading to an increase in the number of HSCs in transgenic mice. This finding may facilitate expansion and manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells for tissue engineering and stem cell-based therapies.
A study published in Nature reveals that the protein REST maintains self-renewal and pluripotency in embryonic stem cells by suppressing a specific microRNA called miR-21. This discovery has implications for regenerative medicine and treating diseases, including pediatric brain cancer.
Injecting human umbilical cord blood cells (UCBC) into aged laboratory animals rejuvenates the hippocampus region of their brains by reducing inflammation and increasing neurogenesis. This study presents a potential cell therapy approach to improve brain function in aging individuals.
Researchers found that a specific protein-protein interaction, involving the rogue Ras protein and its binding partner Raf, blocks the switch from being turned off, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation. The study resolves a paradox in the behavior of Ras mutants in cells versus solution.
Two new genes, Jmjd1a and Jmjd2c, play a crucial role in regulating self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Their depletion promotes differentiation at the expense of self-renewal.
Researchers found that Langerhans cell histiocytosis is associated with the expansion of regulatory T cells, driven by cell survival rather than uncontrolled proliferation. This discovery provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of the disease.
Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that the protein TCTP plays a key role in regulating cell size and proliferation in fruit flies. When TCTP levels are reduced, cells grow abnormally small, leading to reduced lifespan.
The Xie Lab has demonstrated that the microRNA pathway is essential for controlling self-renewal of germline and somatic stem cells in Drosophila ovaries. Understanding this mechanism could lead to developing new methods for expanding stem cell populations for tissue repair.
A new study by researchers at the University of Miami reveals that nicotine can accelerate the progression of kidney disease in smokers. Human mesangial cells were found to express nicotinic receptors, which are activated by nicotine and lead to increased cell proliferation and fibronectin production.
New research demonstrates that Aurora-A kinase suppresses neuroblast self-renewal and promotes differentiation in fruit fly stem cells. This finding may provide new clues to the molecular basis of Aurora-A involvement in human cancers, including brain tumors.
A team of researchers at UCSD School of Medicine has identified a genetic regulatory pathway that controls the choice between proliferation and differentiation in neural cells. Defects in this pathway result in brain malformations, such as Dandy-Walker malformation, which affects motor development and causes progressive skull enlargement.
A study by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center found that regular aerobic exercise significantly reduces markers of increased colon-cancer risk in men. Men who exercised for four hours a week or more saw a significant decrease in cellular proliferation, which is associated with colon cancer.
Researchers have found that nicotine stimulates cell proliferation and progression of tumors already initiated by tobacco carcinogens. The presence of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on bronchial cells and lung cancer cells is key to this process, suggesting a new mechanism in lung cancer development.
Research reveals that nicotine stimulates cell proliferation in lung cancer cells by activating the Rb–Raf-1 pathway, which is dependent on functional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Additionally, targeting tumor-associated macrophages holds promise as a novel strategy against breast and other cancers.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine discovered that the loss of menin protein leads to proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, which secrete insulin. This finding has implications for treating Type 1 diabetes and could lead to new treatments.
Inhibiting ERK1 enhances ERK2 activity, promoting cell proliferation, while ERK2 knockdown almost completely abolishes it. Mouse tumour cells expressing only ERK1 grow into small tumours.
UCR researchers successfully grew bone cells on a scaffold of carbon nanotubes, which can be used to treat bone defects and improve dental implants. The non-treated and electrically-neutral nanotubes emerged as the best scaffolds for bone growth.
The Scythe protein is essential for normal lung, kidney, and brain development in embryos, and its absence leads to severe abnormalities. Understanding Scythe's function could provide insights into organ development and potentially lead to new treatments.
Researchers discover that Cut, a DNA-binding protein, plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation by accurately transcribing Notch signals. Inaccurate transcription leads to unregulated growth and can be linked to various diseases such as Alzheimer's, cancer, and genetic disorders.
Researchers from NYU Biology have discovered a mechanism linking color vision and cancer genes, indicating that genes involved in switching between photoreceptors may play an unexpected role in controlling cell proliferation. Understanding this regulation is essential for developing new cancer treatments.