Articles tagged with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
A Cochrane Systematic Review found that short-term amphetamine use can improve Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adults. However, the high risk of adverse events and limited duration of treatment restrict its effectiveness.
A study by Baylor University found that children with ADHD treated in psychiatric clinics have significantly worse health-related quality of life and family functioning than those treated by general pediatricians. The study highlights the importance of evaluating both children's and parents' perspectives on quality of life.
A non-drug approach to enhance students' ability to learn, a new study found improved brain functioning and decreased symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in students practicing Transcendental Meditation. The study also revealed increased brain processing and improved language-based skills among ADHD students.
Girls with ADHD symptoms are more predictive of adverse substance use outcomes, including alcohol abuse and dependence. Parents' reports of inattentiveness in daughters at age 11-12 can predict illicit drug use across adolescence.
Researchers found smaller brain volumes associated with the severity of ADHD symptoms in preschool children, particularly in the caudate nucleus. Cortical volumes were not significantly correlated with symptom severity, suggesting other factors may contribute to ADHD development.
A long-term study found that children with ADHD are 1.5 times more likely to develop substance abuse than control participants. Conduct disorder was the only additional diagnosis to triple the risk when combined with ADHD.
Researchers analyzed patient data from over 44 million enrollees to find no link between ADHD medication use and increased risk of sudden death, heart attack, or stroke. The study suggests that ADHD drugs are safe from a cardiovascular perspective for children and adolescents.
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital finds that siblings of individuals with both ADHD and emotional reactivity have a significantly greater risk of having both conditions. This suggests that heritable factors influence how we control our emotions, and that ADHD can impact emotional expression beyond classic symptoms.
A study by Lee A. Thompson and colleagues found that genetic influence was greater on reading than math, with shared environment influencing math more so than reading. The researchers analyzed the data from twins to determine the similarities in genetic and environmental influence between ADHD symptoms and academic ability.
Children with DCD tend to struggle with motor skills, socialization, and emotional regulation, leading to feelings of loneliness and isolation. The study found that voluntary lack of participation in after-school activities can exacerbate the problem, but intervention is possible with proper diagnosis and monitoring.
Children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and ADHD exhibit different patterns of learning and memory impairments. PAE is associated with initial encoding problems, while ADHD affects retrieval mechanisms, suggesting distinct underlying deficits.
A study found that even moderate reductions in sleep duration can affect neurobehavioral functioning in children with ADHD, leading to clinical-level impairment. The study suggests that investments in programs to decrease sleep deprivation may lead to improvements in neurobehavioral functioning and academic performance.
Researchers found that mirror movements, a type of abnormal motor control, were more prevalent in children with ADHD and associated with the disorder's severity. The studies suggest a potential new marker for ADHD diagnosis and treatment.
Two studies found that children with ADHD exhibit more than twice the amount of overflow movement as typically developing children, indicating a failure in motor control. This suggests that measuring hand movements may reveal insights into the neurobiology of ADHD and inform treatments.
A comprehensive review of 27 long-term studies found that children with ADHD are two to three times more likely to develop serious substance abuse problems in adolescence and adulthood. The research, published in Clinical Psychology Review, analyzed data from approximately 4,100 children with ADHD and 6,800 without the disorder.
Researchers conclude that a special restricted diet should be included in the standard care for all children with ADHD. The diet, also known as the restricted elimination diet, was shown to significantly improve ADHD symptoms and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in children aged 4-8 years.
A University at Buffalo researcher's study suggests that teen drivers with ADHD are significantly more at risk for accidents when texting while driving. The study found that texting impairs driving abilities to the point of losing control, and teens often don't realize their behavior has severe consequences.
Research confirms adult ADHD significantly increases risk of developing degenerative dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), a common cause of dementia in older adults. The study, published in the European Journal of Neurology, found 48% of patients with DLB had previously suffered from adult ADHD.
Children with ADHD have difficulty focusing due to an 'off-switch' that requires higher incentives or medication to function properly. This study provides new insights into the brains of children with ADHD and how incentives can help them concentrate.
Brain scans show children with ADHD struggle to control brain activity when bored, but perform better with incentives or medication. The study provides insight into the neural mechanisms underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
New research explores number processing deficits in children with ADHD and fetal alcohol exposure, revealing distinct brain area effects. The study shows that children with fetal alcohol exposure demonstrate strong deficits in number comparison, while those with ADHD exhibit difficulties in attention and memory.
A new twin study links ADHD behaviors, reading achievement, and math skills in children, suggesting a common genetic and environmental influence. The researchers found that identical twins were more alike on these traits than fraternal twins, indicating a strong genetic component.
A new study suggests an intensive computer-based working memory training program can alleviate some ADHD symptoms in children. The five-week program showed significant changes in attention, organization, and working memory skills. Parents reported improvements in ADHD symptoms, and the results were evident four months after treatment.
A study by UCLA researchers found that Medicaid-funded ADHD treatment for children yielded poor quality care, with few follow-up visits and inadequate medication use. The study suggests areas for improvement in ADHD care, including better alignment of clinical severity with provider type and increased use of stimulant medication.
A study found that individuals with a specific gene variant associated with ADHD show increased interference from mind-wandering brain regions during mental tasks. This suggests that the gene may contribute to inattention symptoms, but not hyperactivity.
A study by Donald Redelmeier and colleagues found that male teenagers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, or oppositional defiant disorder are more likely to be seriously injured in a road traffic crash. The researchers suggest that practical recommendations, such as avoiding excess speed and using seatbelt...
A new study by University of Rochester Medical Center found that children with high blood pressure are four times more likely to have cognitive problems. Among the study's 201 patients, 101 had hypertension and 18% had learning disabilities, compared to 9% among those without hypertension.
Researchers identified distinct brain network abnormalities in children with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with the ADHD group showing more severe dysfunction in working memory circuits. The study suggests that better differentiation between the two disorders could lead to more ac...
A long-term study found that children diagnosed with ADHD at ages 4 to 6 are more likely to suffer from depression as adolescents, with a rate of 18% compared to 1.8%. Children with early ADHD were also at a higher risk for suicidal thoughts and attempts, although rare.
Children with ADHD have more missing or duplicated segments of DNA compared to other children, suggesting a strong genetic link. The study also found significant overlap between these segments and genetic variants implicated in autism and schizophrenia.
Researchers identified duplicated or missing DNA segments in children with ADHD, suggesting a neurodevelopmental disorder. The study also found overlap between ADHD and autism, suggesting a shared biological basis.
A new study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that cognitive behavioral therapy significantly improved symptom control in adult ADHD patients taking medication. The skills-based approach taught patients how to cope with attention problems and manage symptoms more effectively.
A study published in JAMA found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) improved ADHD symptoms in adults who received medication, with greater improvement and higher responder rates compared to relaxation support. The treatment was well-tolerated and showed positive and sustained effects on ADHD symptoms.
A new study by University of California, Berkeley researchers found that prenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure is significantly linked to attention problems at age 5, with stronger effects among boys. Children's symptoms of attention disorders are harder to recognize in toddlers, and diagnoses often occur after entering school.
A new study from North Carolina State University found large discrepancies in ADHD diagnosis rates based on small differences in children's birth dates. Children born shortly after the kindergarten eligibility cutoff date were 25% less likely to be diagnosed with ADHD, suggesting that younger children may be mistakenly diagnosed.
A Michigan State University economist found that nearly 20% of the 4.5 million children currently diagnosed with ADHD may have been misdiagnosed due to their age relative to classmates. The study suggests that teachers' perceptions of young children's behavior can lead to incorrect diagnoses and unnecessary medication.
A new study from Perth's Telethon Institute for Child Health Research found an association between a 'Western-style' diet and an increased risk of ADHD diagnosis in adolescents. The research examined the dietary patterns of over 1,800 adolescents and classified them into 'Healthy' or 'Western' patterns.
A study by researchers at UC Davis found that students with ADHD are less likely to finish high school on time than those with other mental-health disorders. Smoking is the strongest predictor of high school dropout among teens who engage in substance use.
A study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found a link between polyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The researchers analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and found increased odds of ADHD in children with higher serum PFC levels.
Children who exceeded two hours of recommended screen time were 1.5 to 2 times more likely to have attention problems. The study found that both TV viewing and video games contribute to increased attention problems in youths.
A Swedish study found strong links between ADHD medication and limited maternal education, single parent families, and welfare benefits among 1.16 million school children. The study showed that socioeconomic factors accounted for almost half of the cases, highlighting their potent predictive power.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found a connection between exposure to organophosphate pesticides and symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. The research, which focused on 1,139 children from the general U.S. population, measured pesticide levels in their urine and found that exposure to common ...
A new study by Michigan State University researchers highlights the need for culturally competent health-care providers and information dissemination about treatment options. The study found that minorities are less likely to consider combining medication and counseling for their children due to barriers such as financial hurdles and l...
Children with a specific dopamine receptor gene variant respond better to methylphenidate, a commonly used ADHD medication, according to a new study. The findings aim to improve treatment outcomes and reduce healthcare costs by tailoring approaches to each child based on their genetic profile.
Researchers found that behavioral incentives and medication have similar effects on brain function in children with ADHD, improving attention and reducing impulsivity. The study suggests that combining both approaches may be the most effective way to treat the condition.
A study found that children with ADHD exhibit more symptoms when they experience high levels of self-blame during inter-parental conflict, which is associated with genetic variations related to serotonin activity. The study suggests a synergistic effect between genetic and environmental factors in the development of ADHD.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry compared the effects of medication, motivation, and a combination of both on response inhibition in children with ADHD. The results showed that stimulant medication tends to normalize brain function, while motivational incentives also play a role in improving performance.
Researchers found that behavioral incentives improved attention and reduced impulsivity in children with ADHD, normalizing brain activity similar to that of control groups. Medication had the most significant effect, but combining it with rewards and incentives boosted its benefits.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital found that meta-cognitive therapy significantly improved symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults compared to supportive therapy. The study, published in the American Journal of Psychiatry, demonstrated the efficacy of a non-medication treatment for adult ADHD.
Neuroscientist David Anderson explains how studying model organisms like mice and fruit flies can improve understanding of the neural basis of emotion. He also discusses the limitations of human brain studies and the potential of new technologies to experimentally manipulate brain circuitry.
Children with ADHD exhibit reduced ventral striatum volumes associated with symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsiveness. The study suggests that motivational deficiencies contribute to ADHD's imbalance in attention and hyperactivity levels.
Recent studies found a link between low-level lead exposure and ADHD symptoms, including hyperactivity and impulsivity. Lead is thought to disrupt brain activity, causing altered psychological processes supported by these neurons.
Researchers found distinct neurophysiological patterns in ADHD symptoms between children with and without prenatal alcohol exposure, suggesting different underlying processes. The study's findings may provide new insights into the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on ADHD treatment.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that mixed-handed children are twice as likely to have difficulties with language and perform poorly in school compared to their right-handed peers. They also showed higher risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, especially at adolescence.
Children with ADHD show a disconnection between brain regions responsible for attention and visual processing, leading to inefficient resource allocation. This discovery provides new insights into the condition and highlights the need for behavioral definitions to be reevaluated.
A nationally representative survey found that about 13% of American children and teenagers have a mental disorder, with lower socioeconomic status linked to higher rates. Mental health services are often underutilized, particularly among minority youth, highlighting the need for increased access and support.
The First Step To Success program has shown robust improvements among at-risk elementary students in the Albuquerque, N.M., school district. The four-year study found significant impact on behavioral symptoms and social functioning among participating students, with effect sizes ranging from .54 to .87.
Children exposed prenatally to tobacco smoke and during childhood to lead face a high risk for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study estimates that up to 35% of ADHD cases could be reduced by eliminating these environmental exposures.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry found a significant positive association between phthalate exposure and ADHD symptoms in school-aged children. The researchers measured urine phthalate concentrations and evaluated symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using teacher-reported symptoms and computerized tests.
INTUNIV, a selective alpha-2A agonist, shows no unique adverse effects when coadministered with amphetamine or methylphenidate. The study demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms using the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV) in children and adolescents.