Articles tagged with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Researchers found that methylphenidate and atomoxetine, two FDA-approved ADHD medications, increase brain activation when making fine temporal distinctions. This improvement in brain function is linked to improved behavior in children with ADHD.
Researchers found that differences in brain growth trajectories differentiate individuals who recover from childhood ADHD from those whose disorder persists into adulthood. Cortical thinning in attention regions was more pronounced in adults with persistent ADHD, suggesting a critical role of cortex development in ADHD recovery.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet reveals that administering higher doses of the ADHD drug methylphenidate can be effective in treating individuals with both ADHD and substance dependency. The treatment led to reduced relapse rates, fewer ADHD symptoms, and improved adherence to treatment regimens.
Researchers at UC Davis have found a biomarker that can differentiate between the inattentive and combined subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study used electroencephalograms (EEGs) to examine brain waves in adolescents with ADHD and typically developing teens.
Adults with ADHD frequently experience significant psychosocial impairments due to persistent symptoms. Current guidelines recommend a multimodal treatment approach, including pharmacotherapy, psycho-education, and occupational rehabilitation.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry suggests a strong association between prenatal tobacco exposure and an increased risk of developing bipolar disorder (BD) in adult children. The study, which analyzed data from the Child Health and Development Study, found that maternal smoking during pregnancy was associat...
A new study reveals that clinician observations of preschoolers' behavior can predict the likelihood of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at school age. Parent reports and teacher assessments are also crucial in identifying children at risk, but clinician observations during psychological testing hold prognostic utility.
A new study uses a computer-based decision support system to deliver personalized evidence-based recommendations for pediatricians, increasing the likelihood of accurate ADHD diagnoses. The system, CHICA, also prompts physicians to screen for anxiety and depression.
A study of over 850,000 Danish children found a significant increase in ADHD medication use from 2003 to 2010. The prescription rates of stimulant medications for ADHD, ASD, and other psychiatric disorders rose by 61%, 16% and 3% respectively during this period.
New research suggests that UK children are far less likely to be diagnosed with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to their US counterparts. The study found that only 1.5% of parents in the UK reported a diagnosis of ADHD in children aged between 6-8, in contrast to 6.3% in the USA.
Researchers found that texting significantly affected drivers' speed and lane position for all study participants, with added risks for drivers with ADHD. The study used a driving simulator to test 61 16- and 17-year-old drivers with varying levels of ADHD diagnoses.
A study using a driving simulator found that adolescents with ADHD who were distracted while driving demonstrated more variability in speed and lane position than their non-ADHD peers. Texting significantly impaired the driving performance of all adolescents, including those with ADHD.
Researchers found that breastfed children were less likely to develop ADHD later in life, with bottle-fed children three times more likely to have the disorder. The study suggests breastfeeding may have a protective effect against ADHD development.
A study of 191 patients found that ADHD-related impulsivity worsens the prognosis for adults with eating disorders, particularly those with bulimia and binge-eating disorders. The research also identified age and low self-direction as risk factors for developing an eating disorder.
Research reveals nearly one-third of children with autism also experience clinically significant ADHD symptoms, leading to greater impairments in cognitive, social, and adaptive functioning. Children with co-occurring ASD and ADHD are more likely to display severe autism mannerisms and have significant cognitive delays.
Research suggests that sleep plays a crucial role in consolidating emotional memories in healthy children but not those with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Brain activity during sleep may exacerbate emotional problems in children with ADHD.
A comprehensive study by UCLA researchers found that children with ADHD who take medications like Ritalin are not at greater risk of using alcohol, marijuana, nicotine, or cocaine later in life. The study analyzed over 2,500 children and concluded that medication use has no significant association with future substance abuse.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that men diagnosed with childhood ADHD were more than twice as likely to become obese as those without the condition. The study tracked the health outcomes of 207 white men diagnosed with ADHD and their comparison group over 33 years.
Adults with ADHD who received methylphenidate treatment for 12 months showed a 24% increase in dopamine transporter density. This finding may affect how well these individuals respond to the medication, suggesting that elevated dopamine transporter levels are a consequence of chronic treatment rather than a marker for the disorder.
A new study found that breastfeeding at 3 and 6 months of age was associated with a lower risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The research suggests that breastfeeding may have protective effects against ADHD, which is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
Functional MRI studies show that methylphenidate alters brain activity patterns in areas like frontal lobes and basal ganglia in young patients with ADHD. The medication partially normalizes brain function in these regions, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for ADHD symptoms.
A recent study by pediatricians from the Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York found that over 90% of medical specialists who diagnose and manage ADHD in preschoolers do not follow treatment guidelines. The study suggests that many specialists are recommending medication as part of their initial treatment plan, despite guidelines...
Experts at Yale University and the American Academy of Neurology call for limiting or ending the use of memory-enhancing drugs in healthy children. They cite concerns over long-term health safety, incomplete decision-making capacity, and risks of over-medication and dependency.
A recent study found that nearly 90% of preschoolers with ADHD continued to struggle with symptoms six years after diagnosis. Children taking ADHD medication had just as severe symptoms as those who were medication-free, suggesting a need for improved treatment strategies.
A long-term follow-up study of 367 children with ADHD found that nearly a third still had ADHD as adults and were more likely to have psychiatric disorders, commit suicide, or be incarcerated. The study highlights the need for continued treatment and monitoring beyond childhood.
A University of Illinois study found a possible link between high-fat diets and childhood brain-based conditions like ADHD and memory-dependent learning disabilities. High-fat diets triggered anxious behaviors and learning deficiencies in juvenile mice, which were reversed by methylphenidate treatment.
Researchers found a significantly higher prevalence of substance abuse and cigarette use among adolescents with ADHD histories compared to those without. The study also showed that current medications for ADHD do not counter the risk for substance abuse.
A federally funded study found that nearly 90% of preschoolers with ADHD continue to struggle with symptoms six years after diagnosis, regardless of medication use. Children with co-occurring oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder were more likely to experience persistent symptoms.
The study found that ADHD diagnosis rates increased significantly over time, with notable increases among white children and black girls. Children from high-income households were also at a higher risk of diagnosis.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that ADHD diagnoses rose dramatically between 2001 and 2010, with non-Hispanic white children having the highest rates. Black girls showed a 90% increase in diagnosis rates during this period. The study also revealed disparities in ADHD diagnosis rates among ethnic groups.
A UK research team has received funding to investigate potential increases in children with autism, dyslexia, and ADHD. The study will analyze two birth cohorts and examine the extent of shared symptoms between the conditions.
Researchers found that people with ADHD are impulsive risk-takers, while those with OCD are anxious about consequences, causing hesitancy in decision-making. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and well-being, as mistaking the two disorders can lead to wrong medication prescriptions.
A Kaiser Permanente study found a significant link between prenatal oxygen deprivation and an increased risk of developing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in childhood. The study examined electronic health records of nearly 82,000 children ages 5 and found that exposure to birth asphyxia, neonatal respiratory distress s...
A randomized controlled trial found that iron supplements reduced behavioral problems like ADHD in low birth weight infants by 9.8 percentage points compared to those without supplementation. The study concluded that early iron supplementation has long-term health benefits for marginally low birth weight infants.
A recent study of over 25,000 individuals with ADHD found that criminal behavior dropped sharply during periods of medication use. The study showed a significant 32% risk reduction for medicated individuals compared to those not taking medication.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have created a model showing how ADHD medication influences the brain's reward system. The study found that dopamine signaling pathways are sensitive to drugs like Ritalin, leading to paradoxical effects at different dosages.
Researchers identify shared biological risk factors for smoking and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. A specific gene variant is found to be associated with both conditions, potentially serving as a gateway to smoking in adulthood.
Mayo Clinic researchers have developed new tools to better treat ADHD patients in early stages, including a method to enhance parental and teacher input for more effective treatment. The tools also show promise in diagnosing and treating children with both ADHD and oppositional defiance disorder.
Pediatricians at CHOP developed a three-part survey to help families and doctors make informed decisions about ADHD treatment. The results show that shared decision-making improves healthcare outcomes, but is not widely used in pediatric settings.
A new study published in The Journal of Pediatrics suggests that exercise can improve inhibitory control and academic performance in children with ADHD. The study found that after just 20 minutes of physical activity, kids with ADHD were better able to focus on tasks and ignore distractions.
A new study published by the Wellcome Trust found that children with ADHD perceive medication as improving their ability to make moral choices. The study also highlights the need for better informed children to discuss their condition with trusted professionals.
A 33-year follow-up study found that men diagnosed with ADHD as children had 2.5 fewer years of schooling, lower occupational attainment, and poorer socioeconomic status. They also experienced more divorces, substance use disorders, and psychiatric hospitalizations compared to their counterparts without childhood ADHD.
Researchers found that 7 out of 10 top media-covered ADHD studies were refuted or strongly attenuated by later research. This phenomenon may cause significant distortion in health science communication if generalized to other health topics. The study highlights the potential for misleading early results to dominate public discourse.
Researchers have developed a low-cost method for detecting neurological disorders like ADHD and Parkinson's by analyzing eye movement data while watching TV. The study found that patients with these conditions exhibited distinct patterns of eye movement, allowing for accurate diagnosis with high accuracy rates.
Research from UC Berkeley reveals that girls with ADHD are more likely to struggle with internalized issues, such as low self-esteem and difficulty with relationships, as they mature. Longitudinal study finds high rates of self-injury and suicide attempts in young adulthood, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring and treatment.
Research published by the American Psychological Association found that girls with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are significantly more likely to attempt suicide or injure themselves as young adults. The study also found that ADHD in girls can signal future psychological problems and have serious public health implica...
A 15-year study found that oppositional behavior in childhood, particularly inattention, is strongly correlated with substance abuse in adulthood. Oppositional traits like irritability and disobedience increase the risk of tobacco, cannabis, and cocaine abuse by 1.4-2.9 times.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that children with ADHD have delayed brain development, particularly in frontal regions. This suggests a global delay in brain structure important for controlling action and attention.
Scientists have discovered an important clue on how the human brain filters out unimportant visual information and focuses on what's most useful. The study found that the prefrontal cortex is involved in both bottom-up and top-down attention, challenging traditional beliefs about separate areas of the brain controlling these processes.
A new study published in Neuropsychopharmacology suggests that long-term use of ADHD drugs does not affect brain development or increase susceptibility to substance abuse. Researchers found no differences between animals treated with Ritalin and those in a control group, providing reassurance for parents and clinicians.
Dartmouth researchers have found that exercise has different effects on memory and the brain depending on age, with potential therapeutic benefits for ADHD. The study identified a gene that mediates exercise's impact on mental health, offering new avenues for treatment.
A study examines adaptive abilities in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The findings indicate similarities in the relation between executive function and adaptive abilities among children with ADHD or PAE, but with different patterns of abilities.
Researchers at OHSU and ONPRC have created a new animal model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which displays human-like symptoms in mice. The model uses a mutated form of the SynCAM1 gene, found in glial cells, to mimic the condition.
Research explores treatment options, disorder management, and memory for children with ADHD and autism. The studies shed light on the challenges of learning and school performance for these children.
Research suggests that dietary changes can help alleviate ADHD symptoms in some children, but more studies are needed to understand the benefits and limitations.
Researchers identified unique subgroups among children with ADHD, highlighting individual variability. The study suggests new methods for characterizing individuals and tailoring treatments to address specific deficits and strengths.
A study by Ruhr-University Bochum and University of Basel reveals that ADHD is often misdiagnosed based on heuristics rather than adhering to recognized diagnostic criteria. The researchers found that boys are substantially more likely to be misdiagnosed compared to girls, with male therapists also tending to give more frequent diagnoses.
The number of ADHD diagnoses among American children has increased by 66% over the past decade, according to a new study published in Academic Pediatrics. Specialists are now treating an increasing proportion of these young patients, shifting away from primary care physicians.
A new study with monkeys suggests that higher doses of the ADHD medication methylphenidate can impair learning and memory, while lower doses improve performance. The results have implications for finding the optimal dosage for children with ADHD.
A study published in CMAJ found that younger children are 39% more likely to be diagnosed and 48% more likely to be treated with medication for ADHD if born in December compared to January. This discrepancy is due to the relative age effect, where children born in December may appear less mature than their older peers.