Articles tagged with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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Researchers at Mayo Clinic and Aarhus University have discovered a receptor system critical for correct wiring of the dopaminergic brain area during embryonic development. The study found that a cut in the SorCS2 receptor can induce cell death after peripheral nervous system damage, leading to hyperactivity and attention deficits in mice.
Research reveals prenatal tobacco smoke exposure is associated with reduced brain activity and increased ADHD symptoms in young adults. The study found that individuals exposed to tobacco smoke in utero showed weaker response inhibition, a key symptom of ADHD.
Treating ADHD with stimulant medication is associated with lower smoking rates, particularly in those taking the medication consistently. The study analyzed 14 longitudinal studies and found a significant association between stimulant treatment and reduced smoking frequencies.
In a Phase 2a pilot study, Neurovance's EB-1020 SR demonstrated statistically significant improvement in ADHD symptoms and executive functioning deficits. The non-stimulant treatment showed promise as a potential alternative to stimulants for treating adult ADHD.
Children with ADHD experience higher rates of trauma than those without ADHD, according to a new study. Researchers found that 17% of children with ADHD had four or more adverse childhood experiences, compared to 6% of children without ADHD.
A recent study found that nearly half of physicians surveyed believe ADHD stimulant medication diversion is common among teens, while most have never received training on the topic. This lack of knowledge and expertise can lead to ineffective prevention strategies, posing health risks to patients.
A study found that nearly one in five Ivy League college students misused prescription stimulants to help them study and write papers. The misuse was often viewed as a common occurrence on campus, with 37% of those who used stimulants believing more than 30% of their peers had done the same.
A new study using MRI scans has found disrupted connections between different areas of the brain in children and adolescents with ADHD. The research suggests that these abnormalities may be related to the symptoms of ADHD, such as inattention and hyperactivity.
Children with FASD often exhibit difficulties with specific aspects of attention, such as shifting attention, but not others like focus. A new study suggests a need for more nuanced understanding of attention skills and to recognize that these children's attention issues may be less important than their overall problems.
A study by University of Chicago scientists found that genetic variants associated with enjoying the effects of amphetamine also reduce the risk for developing schizophrenia and ADHD. This suggests a complex role for dopamine in these diseases.
A study reveals that nearly one-third of ADHD-diagnosed foster care youth aged 2-17 received atypical antipsychotics, highlighting a critical trend in pediatric psychiatry. The most common medications given were risperidone, aripiprazole, and quetiapine.
A new study found that children treated with ADHD stimulants experienced slower BMI growth in early childhood, followed by a rapid BMI rebound in late adolescence. Researchers suggest that stimulant use, rather than ADHD diagnosis alone, is associated with higher BMI and obesity.
A study found that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit more gender variance, a wish to be the other gender, than their typically developing peers. The study also revealed higher rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms among these children.
A new study found that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to become obese and sedentary teenagers. The research followed almost 7000 children in Finland and found those with ADHD symptoms at age eight had significantly higher odds of being obese at age 16.
A study of 2.5 million children over 14 years found no link between ADHD stimulant medications and increased stroke risk in children with or without stroke. Researchers compared medication usage before and at the time of stroke to assess potential risks.
A large registry study found that up to half of transport accidents involving adult men with ADHD could be avoided if they were taking medication. The results demonstrate a significant decrease in risk of serious transport accidents among men with ADHD who received medication, with a 45% increased risk compared to those without ADHD.
Researchers successfully demonstrated a technique to boost inhibition in the brain, leading to improved self-control. The method, involving direct electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex, shows promise for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and other severe disorders.
A new MRI technique found significantly lower brain iron levels in ADHD patients who had never been on medication, compared to those who had been medicated. This discovery may help guide optimal treatment for ADHD and identify potential risks of addiction.
A study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry found a link between childhood ADHD and socioeconomic status in the UK. The research analyzed data from over 19,500 children born between 2000 and 2002, revealing that more children with ADHD came from families below the poverty line.
A study analyzing 25 research studies found that computer-based training programs for ADHD have no significant long-term impact on children's cognitive abilities or behavior. However, the researchers suggest that future programs focused on working memory may be effective if designed to improve this aspect of brain functioning.
A new study published by the CDC found that nearly half of US children diagnosed with ADHD received a diagnosis by age 6. The study also reported significant increases in medication use for ADHD among US children, with over 3.5 million taking medication by 2011-12.
A new monkey study links impulsivity, rewards, and ADHD medication Ritalin, shedding light on the brain's reward processing mechanism. The study found that methylphenidate improved impulsive behavior in monkeys, but did not eliminate it, suggesting a potential link between the drug and temporal discounting.
A recent study in Biological Psychiatry suggests a possible link between sunny climates and reduced ADHD prevalence rates. The research found that regions with high sunlight intensity tend to have lower ADHD rates, even after controlling for other known risk factors.
Researchers found that methylphenidate and atomoxetine, two FDA-approved ADHD medications, increase brain activation when making fine temporal distinctions. This improvement in brain function is linked to improved behavior in children with ADHD.
Researchers found that differences in brain growth trajectories differentiate individuals who recover from childhood ADHD from those whose disorder persists into adulthood. Cortical thinning in attention regions was more pronounced in adults with persistent ADHD, suggesting a critical role of cortex development in ADHD recovery.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet reveals that administering higher doses of the ADHD drug methylphenidate can be effective in treating individuals with both ADHD and substance dependency. The treatment led to reduced relapse rates, fewer ADHD symptoms, and improved adherence to treatment regimens.
Researchers at UC Davis have found a biomarker that can differentiate between the inattentive and combined subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study used electroencephalograms (EEGs) to examine brain waves in adolescents with ADHD and typically developing teens.
Adults with ADHD frequently experience significant psychosocial impairments due to persistent symptoms. Current guidelines recommend a multimodal treatment approach, including pharmacotherapy, psycho-education, and occupational rehabilitation.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry suggests a strong association between prenatal tobacco exposure and an increased risk of developing bipolar disorder (BD) in adult children. The study, which analyzed data from the Child Health and Development Study, found that maternal smoking during pregnancy was associat...
A new study reveals that clinician observations of preschoolers' behavior can predict the likelihood of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at school age. Parent reports and teacher assessments are also crucial in identifying children at risk, but clinician observations during psychological testing hold prognostic utility.
A new study uses a computer-based decision support system to deliver personalized evidence-based recommendations for pediatricians, increasing the likelihood of accurate ADHD diagnoses. The system, CHICA, also prompts physicians to screen for anxiety and depression.
A study of over 850,000 Danish children found a significant increase in ADHD medication use from 2003 to 2010. The prescription rates of stimulant medications for ADHD, ASD, and other psychiatric disorders rose by 61%, 16% and 3% respectively during this period.
New research suggests that UK children are far less likely to be diagnosed with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to their US counterparts. The study found that only 1.5% of parents in the UK reported a diagnosis of ADHD in children aged between 6-8, in contrast to 6.3% in the USA.
Researchers found that texting significantly affected drivers' speed and lane position for all study participants, with added risks for drivers with ADHD. The study used a driving simulator to test 61 16- and 17-year-old drivers with varying levels of ADHD diagnoses.
A study using a driving simulator found that adolescents with ADHD who were distracted while driving demonstrated more variability in speed and lane position than their non-ADHD peers. Texting significantly impaired the driving performance of all adolescents, including those with ADHD.
Researchers found that breastfed children were less likely to develop ADHD later in life, with bottle-fed children three times more likely to have the disorder. The study suggests breastfeeding may have a protective effect against ADHD development.
A study of 191 patients found that ADHD-related impulsivity worsens the prognosis for adults with eating disorders, particularly those with bulimia and binge-eating disorders. The research also identified age and low self-direction as risk factors for developing an eating disorder.
Research reveals nearly one-third of children with autism also experience clinically significant ADHD symptoms, leading to greater impairments in cognitive, social, and adaptive functioning. Children with co-occurring ASD and ADHD are more likely to display severe autism mannerisms and have significant cognitive delays.
Research suggests that sleep plays a crucial role in consolidating emotional memories in healthy children but not those with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Brain activity during sleep may exacerbate emotional problems in children with ADHD.
A comprehensive study by UCLA researchers found that children with ADHD who take medications like Ritalin are not at greater risk of using alcohol, marijuana, nicotine, or cocaine later in life. The study analyzed over 2,500 children and concluded that medication use has no significant association with future substance abuse.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that men diagnosed with childhood ADHD were more than twice as likely to become obese as those without the condition. The study tracked the health outcomes of 207 white men diagnosed with ADHD and their comparison group over 33 years.
Adults with ADHD who received methylphenidate treatment for 12 months showed a 24% increase in dopamine transporter density. This finding may affect how well these individuals respond to the medication, suggesting that elevated dopamine transporter levels are a consequence of chronic treatment rather than a marker for the disorder.
A new study found that breastfeeding at 3 and 6 months of age was associated with a lower risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The research suggests that breastfeeding may have protective effects against ADHD, which is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
Functional MRI studies show that methylphenidate alters brain activity patterns in areas like frontal lobes and basal ganglia in young patients with ADHD. The medication partially normalizes brain function in these regions, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for ADHD symptoms.
A recent study by pediatricians from the Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York found that over 90% of medical specialists who diagnose and manage ADHD in preschoolers do not follow treatment guidelines. The study suggests that many specialists are recommending medication as part of their initial treatment plan, despite guidelines...
Experts at Yale University and the American Academy of Neurology call for limiting or ending the use of memory-enhancing drugs in healthy children. They cite concerns over long-term health safety, incomplete decision-making capacity, and risks of over-medication and dependency.
A recent study found that nearly 90% of preschoolers with ADHD continued to struggle with symptoms six years after diagnosis. Children taking ADHD medication had just as severe symptoms as those who were medication-free, suggesting a need for improved treatment strategies.
A long-term follow-up study of 367 children with ADHD found that nearly a third still had ADHD as adults and were more likely to have psychiatric disorders, commit suicide, or be incarcerated. The study highlights the need for continued treatment and monitoring beyond childhood.
A University of Illinois study found a possible link between high-fat diets and childhood brain-based conditions like ADHD and memory-dependent learning disabilities. High-fat diets triggered anxious behaviors and learning deficiencies in juvenile mice, which were reversed by methylphenidate treatment.
Researchers found a significantly higher prevalence of substance abuse and cigarette use among adolescents with ADHD histories compared to those without. The study also showed that current medications for ADHD do not counter the risk for substance abuse.
A federally funded study found that nearly 90% of preschoolers with ADHD continue to struggle with symptoms six years after diagnosis, regardless of medication use. Children with co-occurring oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder were more likely to experience persistent symptoms.
The study found that ADHD diagnosis rates increased significantly over time, with notable increases among white children and black girls. Children from high-income households were also at a higher risk of diagnosis.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that ADHD diagnoses rose dramatically between 2001 and 2010, with non-Hispanic white children having the highest rates. Black girls showed a 90% increase in diagnosis rates during this period. The study also revealed disparities in ADHD diagnosis rates among ethnic groups.
A UK research team has received funding to investigate potential increases in children with autism, dyslexia, and ADHD. The study will analyze two birth cohorts and examine the extent of shared symptoms between the conditions.
Researchers found that people with ADHD are impulsive risk-takers, while those with OCD are anxious about consequences, causing hesitancy in decision-making. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and well-being, as mistaking the two disorders can lead to wrong medication prescriptions.
A Kaiser Permanente study found a significant link between prenatal oxygen deprivation and an increased risk of developing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in childhood. The study examined electronic health records of nearly 82,000 children ages 5 and found that exposure to birth asphyxia, neonatal respiratory distress s...
A randomized controlled trial found that iron supplements reduced behavioral problems like ADHD in low birth weight infants by 9.8 percentage points compared to those without supplementation. The study concluded that early iron supplementation has long-term health benefits for marginally low birth weight infants.
A recent study of over 25,000 individuals with ADHD found that criminal behavior dropped sharply during periods of medication use. The study showed a significant 32% risk reduction for medicated individuals compared to those not taking medication.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have created a model showing how ADHD medication influences the brain's reward system. The study found that dopamine signaling pathways are sensitive to drugs like Ritalin, leading to paradoxical effects at different dosages.
Researchers identify shared biological risk factors for smoking and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. A specific gene variant is found to be associated with both conditions, potentially serving as a gateway to smoking in adulthood.