Articles tagged with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Researchers used brain MRI to identify differences in brain regions among ADHD patients, distinguishing between subtypes with high accuracy. The study suggests that psychoradiology, a field combining imaging analysis and mental health expertise, could improve diagnosis and treatment planning.
Researchers at University of Kentucky have developed an after-school program to help children with ADHD succeed academically and build confidence. The program uses small group activities and explicit comprehension strategies to improve academic performance.
Researchers analyzed 1.3 million tweets from users with self-reported ADHD diagnoses to understand their online behavior. The study found that people with ADHD tend to post messages related to lack of focus and mental exhaustion, often using words like 'hate' and 'sad'. This could help clinicians develop condition-specific apps that of...
A study by Ohio State University found that reducing harsh parenting approaches, including physical punishment, can calm children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The intervention led to improvements in children's emotional regulation and behavior, with greater benefits seen in those who received longer coaching sessions.
A study found that women with PCOS are more likely to be diagnosed with mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. The research also showed that children born to mothers with PCOS are at a higher risk of developing ADHD and autism spectrum disorder.
A new study suggests that younger primary school children are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than their older peers in the same school year due to a relative age effect. This means that adults, such as parents and teachers, may misattribute signs of immaturity as symptoms of ADHD.
A study of low-income children in New York City found that prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) combined with material hardship significantly increases ADHD symptoms. The researchers assessed levels of PAH exposure and material hardship in maternal blood and child behavior, finding a strong correlation between th...
A parenting program strengthening skills also improves ADHD symptoms in 3-8 year-olds, according to researchers. The 'Incredible Years' Basic Parent Program demonstrates sustained improvements for children's behavior difficulties and social skills.
Researchers at Lehigh University found brief online behavioral therapy for parents is equally effective to in-person training in improving children's behavior and parental knowledge. Parents participating in the streamlined 10-week format were more likely to be engaged and complete training.
A phase 3 study of children ages 6-12 years with ADHD found that a delayed-release, long-acting formulation of methylphenidate improved ADHD symptoms and functional impairment in the morning. The medication provided sustained release throughout the day, reducing the need for multiple doses.
Children with ADHD exhibit excessive movement only when engaging their executive functions, particularly working memory. Research shows that tasks requiring complex cognitive processing, such as math lessons, trigger fidgeting and restlessness in kids with ADHD, while more passive activities like watching movies do not.
A study found that individuals with ADHD showed different patterns of eye movements compared to neurotypical individuals, indicating difficulties with predicting and reacting to upcoming events. This suggests the use of eye movements as an objective measure of temporal expectation, potentially complementing existing diagnostic tools.
A new study reveals consistent correlations between white matter structural patterns and autistic symptoms in both ASD and ADHD, highlighting potential shared disease mechanisms. The study's findings suggest that biomarkers could guide more specific diagnostic tests and treatments.
Research proposes that ADHD may be associated with disruptions in the body's natural circadian rhythm, leading to symptoms like delayed sleep phase and increased alertness in the evening. This finding raises the possibility of treating ADHD through non-pharmacological methods such as light therapy and sleep pattern changes.
A study found that inattentiveness is linked to worse academic performance up to 10 years later, even when accounting for intellectual ability. Inattentiveness can have significant adverse effects on the academic performance of children with and without ADHD.
A study on ADHD used fMRI scans to examine the striatum, a reward center in the brain. Children with ADHD showed less activity in anticipation of a reward, making it harder for them to focus.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that ADHD medication use is associated with a lower risk of substance abuse in adolescents and adults. The study analyzed data from nearly 3 million people with ADHD and found a 35% lower risk in men and a 31% lower risk in women.
A recent study by UCSF researchers found that around 22.8% of children with Tourette's met the criteria for autism, compared to 8.7% of adults. The study suggests that the high rate may be due to shared symptoms rather than an overlapping etiology.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that adolescents with ADHD are licensed to drive less often, increasing their crash risk. The study analyzed over 18,000 patients and discovered a 35% lower licensure rate among those with ADHD.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that adolescents with ADHD have a 36% higher crash risk than other newly licensed teens, but this risk is still relatively low. The study suggests that evidence-based training and education for teens with ADHD who want to drive may help manage their risk.
A large study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry found that a diagnosis of autism alone is not associated with an increased risk of violent offending. Instead, conditions like ADHD that co-occur with autism may increase this risk.
A new study by NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that a parent training program using volunteers, Caring in Chaos, improved parenting behavior, competence, stress, and depressive symptoms for families with children with ADHD. The model has potential to increase access to behavioral parent traini...
A University at Buffalo study found that nonprescription use of Ritalin, a central nervous system stimulant, is associated with changes in brain chemistry linked to risk-taking behavior, sleep disruption, and weight loss. The study highlights the potential long-range risks of using Ritalin as a study enhancer.
A new study from The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found that athletes with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to compete in team contact sports, which can increase their risk of injury. This is contrary to the expectation that individuals with ADHD would gravitate towards individual sports.
A recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that patients with ADHD who received medication had lower rates of motor vehicle crashes compared to those without medication. The study analyzed over 2.3 million US patients with ADHD and found a significant association between medication use and reduced MVC risk, regardless of gender.
Research at Pediatric Academic Societies 2017 Meeting reveals racism harms children's health, with exposure tied to ADHD, anxiety and depression, as well as decreased general health. Low-income, minority children particularly affected.
A recent study following over 500 children with ADHD into adulthood found that extended stimulant medication use is associated with suppressed adult height but not reduced symptoms of ADHD. The findings suggest a trade-off between symptom-related benefits and growth-related costs of long-term treatment.
Researchers found that parenting by ADHD parents is less adequate, with more criticism and household chaos. However, they also rated their relationship to children more positively than non-ADHD parents. The study suggests a complex interplay between these factors and recommends future research on designing parent training programs.
Researchers found that ADHD fosters important entrepreneurial skills such as impulsiveness, hyperfocus, and a high activity level. These traits enable entrepreneurs to take risks, pursue new ideas and stay focused on essential tasks despite difficulties with routine activities.
Researchers have discovered a relationship between brain structure and dimensional measures of ADHD symptoms, particularly inattention. The study found reduced gray matter volume in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) was associated with increased symptom severity.
Researchers at OIST have adapted a parent-training program for ADHD to support Japanese families, resulting in reduced child symptoms and improved parent-child relationships. The study suggests that the new program could become an effective mainstream treatment for ADHD in Japan.
A large imaging study of over 3200 people confirms that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with delayed development of five brain regions, supporting the notion that it is a brain disorder. The study found differences in brain volume across all age groups, but most pronounced in children.
Babies born with extremely low birth weight are at risk for mental health problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and anxiety. The studies found these risks began in childhood and extended into adulthood, with significantly higher levels of depression and social problems among adults born with extremely low birth weight.
An international team of scientists, led by Todd Lencz PhD, discovered new genetic variations related to cognitive ability in a study published in Molecular Psychiatry. The findings suggest a significant genetic overlap between risk for several psychiatric disorders and reduction in cognitive ability.
Healthcare spending on children in the US grew from $149.6 billion in 1996 to $233.5 billion in 2013, with the highest expenditures on well-newborn care, ADHD treatment, and dental care. The study highlights the need to analyze driving factors behind increased healthcare spending to determine its impact on processes and outcomes.
Researchers found that young paternal fathers produced offspring with impaired vocal communication, while older fathers resulted in hyperlocomotion. The study provides insight into the potential mechanisms underlying the rise of these disorders.
Research found that 2.7% of US medical school students have disabilities, including ADHD, learning disabilities, and psychological disabilities, requiring accommodations.
A study found that musical training increases brain fiber connections in children, particularly in the minor forceps area of the frontal cortex, which is linked to cognitive abilities and disorders like autism and ADHD. This new understanding may lead to targeted strategies for intervention.
A Case Western Reserve University researcher has found that addiction treatment results improved when teens in a residential program stopped smoking. Teens who quit smoking showed lower cravings for alcohol and drugs, similar to their peers who smoked, but with better treatment duration and global functioning.
Research highlights the intersection of nutrition and mental health, with studies investigating various levels and perspectives. Nutrition's impact on inflammation and stress is a key area of focus.
Researchers found that young adults with ADHD produced more force during continuous motor tasks and had difficulty inhibiting motor responses compared to those without ADHD. This study suggests that inhibitory motor control problems may be a unique identifier for adults with ADHD.
Researchers propose that mind-wandering is a spontaneous mode of thought, essential for creativity and daydreaming. Increased awareness of this thinking can lead to better diagnoses and treatments for depression, anxiety, and ADHD.
A University of British Columbia-led review of mind-wandering research provides a new framework for understanding thought dynamics, potentially improving mental illness diagnosis and treatment. The framework suggests that spontaneous thought processes, including mind-wandering, are essential for creative thinking and dreaming.
Researchers warn that current ADHD screening tools may not work for children with autism spectrum disorders, leading to misdiagnosis and potentially ineffective treatments. The study recommends refining the tool and supplementing it with clinical interviews to better identify the correct disorder.
A recent study found that 60% of children with ADHD persist with symptoms until their mid-20s, and 41% experience both symptoms and impairment as young adults. The researchers suggest using a combination of parent and self-reports, along with an adjusted symptom threshold for adulthood, to accurately diagnose ADHD in adults.
A study found that children of mothers who took vitamin D during pregnancy with high levels of the vitamin in umbilical blood had fewer symptoms of ADHD at age 2.5 years. The risk of ADHD decreased by 11% for every 10 nmol/L increase in vitamin D concentration.
Girls with ADHD are at higher risk for multiple mental disorders, including anxiety (37.7%), depression (10.3%), and oppositional defiant disorder (42%). Effective treatments, such as therapy and positive reinforcement, can help manage symptoms and prevent severe adult impairments.
A new study published in Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology found that atomoxetine significantly improved decoding and vocabulary skills in children with dyslexia. The treatment also reduced ADHD symptoms in children with both dyslexia and ADHD or ADHD alone.
A new study by University of California - Santa Cruz researchers found that early exposure to high levels of manganese causes lasting attention deficits and impairments in rats. The findings support concerns about the adverse effects of excess manganese on children's development.
A new study suggests that high-fat, high-sugar diets during pregnancy may be associated with symptoms of ADHD in children who exhibit early conduct problems. Higher IGF2 methylation was linked to increased ADHD symptoms in these children.
A new study by Massachusetts General Hospital finds that college students who misuse prescription stimulant medications are more likely to exhibit clinically relevant psychiatric dysfunction. The report also highlights immediate-release stimulants as a particular risk factor for misuse.
Three studies published in JAACAP report that combining standard ADHD medications improves clinical outcomes, including reduced symptoms and enhanced cognitive functions. The combined therapy showed a higher rate of good clinical response and improved brain activity patterns compared to single drug therapies.
Research by Princeton University found that ADHD medication can reduce risks such as sexually transmitted diseases, substance abuse, and injuries in children and teens. The study analyzed Medicaid claims of nearly 150,000 children with ADHD in South Carolina between 2003 and 2013.
Researchers found similar brain impairments in children with autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The study linked these impairments to symptoms that occur across different conditions.
A new web-based software program helps reduce ADHD behavioral symptoms in children by coordinating care and ensuring patients get effective ADHD medications. This improvement leads to better treatment outcomes, with children treated by pediatricians using the technology experiencing significantly less ADHD symptoms than those without it.
A new statistical technique can help scientists determine causation of effects they are studying, providing a direction for research and overcoming ethical boundaries. The approach was tested on studies involving ADHD and lead exposure, and found support for the link between high levels of lead in blood and ADHD symptoms.
A new study found that exercise can help alleviate symptoms of ADHD in adults, including reduced anxiety and depression. The study tested 32 young men with elevated ADHD symptoms and found that a single bout of exercise improved their mood and motivation.
Studies find individuals with ADHD or obesity prefer smaller immediate rewards over larger future rewards, leading to potential new treatments for these conditions. The research suggests a connection between the inability to delay gratification and addictive disorders.
ADHD prescriptions in UK children increased over two decades but have levelled off since 2008. Treatment tends to last longer in the UK than in other countries.
A large-scale national study found that early use of stimulant medications for ADHD does not increase the risk of substance abuse in later adolescence, while short-term use during middle or high school may lead to higher risks. The research highlights the importance of monitoring teens who start using these medications later in life.