Articles tagged with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
The guideline provides a framework for diagnosing and treating complex ADHD in children and adolescents, emphasizing the importance of psychosocial interventions to improve function. Key action statements include comprehensive assessment, behavioral and educational interventions, and monitoring throughout life.
Researchers scanned the brains of young adults with ADHD while taking methylphenidate to study its effect on the brain's reward system. The results showed that methylphenidate increased activity in the ventral striatum in response to rewards, suggesting a possible mechanism for improving focus and behavior in individuals with ADHD.
Researchers found that Romanian adoptees who experienced institutional deprivation as children had smaller brains (8.6% smaller) compared to English adoptees. The study also showed a correlation between deprivation and lower IQ and ADHD symptoms, suggesting brain changes may play a mediating role.
Attending schools in greener areas was associated with lower odds of ADHD symptoms, defined as six or more symptoms, in this observational study of 59,754 children. Researchers suggest findings could help develop strategies for planning green spaces around schools.
A study published in Radiology: Artificial Intelligence found that deep learning can improve MRI detection of ADHD by using a multi-scale approach to construct the brain connectome. This method provided significantly better performance than single-scale approaches, highlighting the predictive power of the brain connectome.
A recent study found that children exposed to smoking in early childhood were more likely to exhibit symptoms of hyperactivity and conduct problems. The association remained even after controlling for various factors, suggesting a significant impact of nicotine exposure on brain development.
Researchers from iPSYCH discovered that autism and ADHD share changes in the same genes, particularly the MAP1A gene involved in nerve cell formation. The study found a significantly increased risk of developing autism and/or ADHD for those carrying mutations in this gene.
Researchers found that children with the lowest blood levels of EPA showed significant improvements in focused attention and vigilance after taking omega-3 supplements. However, for children with high pre-existing blood levels of EPA, omega-3 supplements had negative effects on impulsivity symptoms.
Children and teens with abnormal heart rhythms are at a higher risk of developing depression, anxiety, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A study found that over 20% of kids with arrhythmias had been prescribed medication for these conditions, compared to 5% of children with sickle cell disease.
A new study found a link between prenatal exposure to particulate matter and structural changes in the corpus callosum, associated with ADHD and ASD. Children exposed to higher levels of PM2.5 showed reduced corpus callosum volume and increased hyperactivity.
Researchers found significant disparities in ADHD diagnoses among racial and ethnic groups, with African Americans more likely to receive a diagnosis than Asians and Hispanics. The study's findings highlight the need for culturally tailored screening tools and diagnostic practices.
A recent NIH-funded study suggests that exposure to acetaminophen during pregnancy may increase the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. The study found that higher levels of acetaminophen exposure were associated with a significantly increased risk of both conditions.
Researchers at OIST discover a feedback loop that modulates dopamine levels in response to methylphenidate, suggesting therapeutic effects may be indirect consequences of this regulatory process. The study sheds light on the complex interactions between dopamine systems and ADHD treatment.
Research from the University of South Australia found that young maternal age at first birth is strongly associated with an increased risk of having a child with ADHD. The study, published in Nature's Scientific Reports, explored the genetic relationship between female reproductive traits and key psychiatric disorders.
A Swedish study of over 384,000 women found that those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had a higher likelihood of giving birth as teenagers. The research suggests that teenage girls with ADHD may face increased risk of early childbirth, highlighting the need for closer monitoring and support.
A study published in Translational Psychiatry identified elemental signatures in baby teeth unique to ADHD, autism, and co-occurring conditions. The researchers found that each condition has a distinct metabolic signature involving essential and toxic elements.
A new study found that mice's neural activity while performing tasks resembles human-like fidgeting, indicating a possible link between movement and cognition. Researchers must now correct for this overlap to accurately study decision-making processes.
A new review of scientific literature suggests that medium doses of ADHD medication have the strongest beneficial effects on inhibitory control, a key aspect of impulsiveness. Increasing doses beyond this point may not make a significant difference in symptoms.
A large study found that children of anxious mothers are more likely to develop hyperactivity symptoms in adolescence, with a link seen between maternal anxiety and child behavior. Researchers tracked over 3,000 children and found that children from high-anxiety mothers were twice as likely to show signs of hyperactivity
A study published in Radiology found that ADHD medication methylphenidate affects the development of brain white matter in children, but not adults. The medication was associated with increased white matter fractional anisotropy in boys with ADHD, a measure thought to reflect nerve fiber density and myelination.
This observational study found that coexisting psychiatric disorders significantly increase the risk of death in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study analyzed Swedish national register data and included nearly 87,000 people with ADHD.
A nationwide study in Taiwan found that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be associated with a higher risk of death from injury causes. The study, which included nearly 276,000 patients with ADHD and nearly 2 million individuals without, found no increased risk of natural-cause death between the two groups.
A study found that only 2.6% of youths with ADHD were prescribed antipsychotics, but many prescriptions lacked a clear rationale. The highest antipsychotic use was among preschool-age children, and fewer than half had been treated first with stimulants.
Early treatment with stimulant medication has strong protective effects against mood disorders, conduct disorders, substance use disorders, driving impairments, and academic failure in children and young adults with ADHD. The study found that three participants needed to be treated to prevent one from developing serious outcomes.
A new Stanford University School of Medicine study found that 79% of preschoolers with ADHD symptoms have impaired school readiness, compared to 13% of their peers. The research highlights the need for early identification and intervention strategies to support these children's educational success.
A comprehensive review of new stimulant formulations for treating ADHD provides clinicians with a valuable guide to choosing effective treatments. The review highlights novel delivery systems, advances in individual variability, and nuanced approaches to treatment.
A study suggests that Leonardo da Vinci, the iconic artist, might have had ADHD due to his chronic procrastination and difficulty completing projects. His exceptional creativity and achievements across art and science could be linked to this condition.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that teen drivers with ADHD are at higher risk of crashes and traffic violations due to risky driving behaviors. The study analyzed records of 14,936 adolescents and identified 1,769 with childhood-diagnosed ADHD.
A study found that teenagers with ADHD who got less sleep experienced significant deficits in executive functioning skills, including working memory, planning, and organization. In contrast, those who got more sleep showed improved performance.
A study by ISGlobal found that a higher omega-6:omega-3 ratio in umbilical cord plasma is associated with an increased risk of ADHD symptoms in children. The research suggests that maternal diet during pregnancy plays a crucial role in shaping the child's brain development and may impact their future health.
A big data study has identified certain ADHD medications that increase the risk of psychosis in young people. The research found that patients taking amphetamines are more likely to develop psychosis than those taking methylphenidates.
A double-blind controlled trial of TNS found significant reductions in ADHD symptoms and associated improvements in brain functioning. The study, published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, suggests that TNS has great potential as an additional option for managing ADHD.
A comprehensive study found that women are diagnosed later than men for most diseases, with significant differences in patient care courses. The study analyzed data from 6.9 million Danish people and found an average difference of 4 years across 770 types of diseases.
A national study of youth with ADHD reveals that at least one in five students with ADHD receive no school services despite experiencing significant academic and social impairment. The study found that middle and high school students with ADHD were significantly less likely to receive any type of school service, despite similar or wors...
A recent study by the University of Turku found a strong association between prenatal nicotine exposure and offspring ADHD. The research used cotinine levels from pregnant maternal serum specimens collected during pregnancy, revealing a significant link between maternal smoking and offspring ADHD.
A study of 2,700 patients with ADHD found that variations in the LPHN3 gene increased the risk of nicotine dependence by 40%. The findings suggest a link between ADHD and addictive substance use, highlighting the need for new genetic tools to prevent addictive behaviors in people with ADHD.
A new study published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology found that saffron was as effective as methylphenidate in controlling ADHD symptoms in children and teens. The researchers also noted similar side effects, making saffron a promising herbal alternative for treating ADHD.
New studies provide insight into the struggles of children on the autism spectrum with co-occurring ADHD symptoms, highlighting difficulties with adaptive behavior and brain connectivity. Researchers found a strong relationship between ADHD symptoms and adaptive behavior scores in both home and school settings.
Dasotraline shows significant improvement in efficacy in the treatment of ADHD compared to placebo, particularly at a dose of 4mg/day. The study also assesses safety and subgroup analysis, providing hope for new treatments with fewer side effects.
A new study found that children with genetic variants related to intelligence and educational attainment have larger total brain volume. Conversely, those at higher risk for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have smaller caudate nucleus volume.
A study of over 913,000 Danish children found a significant association between prenatal exposure to valproate and an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study also found no associations with other antiepileptic drugs.
Researchers evaluated a video game-based treatment for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and co-occurring attention/deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study found that children engaged well with the treatment, showed improved attention, and reported high satisfaction rates.
Later-born siblings of children with ASD or ADHD are at higher risk for developing the same conditions. The study found that families with a child diagnosed with ASD have a 30 times higher chance of their younger sibling being diagnosed with ASD, while those with a child diagnosed with ADHD have a 13 times higher chance.
Researchers found that African-American mothers rated boys as displaying more frequent ADHD symptoms than Caucasian mothers did, regardless of child race. This suggests that racial differences in ADHD diagnosis may be more due to maternal race than child race.
A major international collaboration has identified genetic variants that increase the risk of ADHD, providing new insights into the biology behind the disorder. The study found twelve locations in the genome where people with a particular genetic variant have an increased risk of ADHD compared to those who do not.
A new study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that children born in August are 30% more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis compared to their slightly older peers. The study suggests that the earlier school enrollment may lead to improper diagnosis due to normal behavior being perceived as abnormal relative to older classmates.
A global team of researchers has identified 12 genomic regions associated with ADHD, suggesting a significant role in brain-related processes. The study found that diagnosed ADHD shares much of the same genetic background as traits of ADHD in the general population, at a correlation rate of around 97%.
A study analyzing over 50,000 genomes identified 12 specific DNA fragments related to ADHD vulnerability, highlighting a polygenic hereditary basis and functional relevance. The research also reveals genetic overlaps with major depression, obesity, and other conditions.
A researcher is studying the relationship between dopamine signaling and action control in children with ADHD. The goal is to understand how habits impact decision-making in these individuals and potentially develop new treatments.
Non-medication measures such as one-to-one support and daily report cards improved academic outcomes in children with ADHD. Schools can increase children's ability to regulate their emotions through approaches like these, which may work best for children with ADHD delivered via one-to-one sessions.
A $1.38 million grant from the US Department of Education will fund a three-year project to develop a video game designed to help kids with ADHD learn academic skills and better succeed in school. The project aims to provide a cost-effective means to educate students with ADHD, who require more counseling and disciplinary action.
A mouse study found that paternal sperm DNA epigenetic changes may cause cognitive deficits in offspring, regardless of exposure to secondhand smoke. The effects were seen in both male and female mice, but were more pronounced in females.
Researchers followed 112 youth football players over a season, finding no association between cumulative head impacts and worsening performance on neurocognitive tests. Younger age and ADHD history predicted some score changes, while anxiety and depression were linked to symptom reporting.
Researchers discovered rare functional variants in genes AAED1 and ATAD2 associated with ADHD risk. These findings may lead to the development of genetic diagnostic methods and a better understanding of the disorder's underlying mechanisms.
University of Toronto researchers found that higher levels of urinary fluoride during pregnancy are linked to more ADHD-like symptoms in school-age children. The study analyzed data from over 200 mother-child pairs and found a strong association between prenatal fluoride exposure and inattentive behaviors.
A University of Michigan study found that adults with ADHD excel in creative tasks, inventing novel examples and labels, and being less constrained by traditional approaches.
The study found that prescription rates for ADHD medications are still lower than diagnosis rates worldwide, highlighting disparities in clinical approaches to treating the condition. In contrast, regions like North America have higher medication use rates, but also face concerns of overdiagnosis and overmedication.
Researchers found ADHD patients had a higher risk of developing Parkinson's and Parkinson-like diseases than non-ADHD individuals, especially those prescribed stimulant medications. The study suggests that the long-term health effects of ADHD and its treatment remain understudied.
A new study published in Molecular Psychiatry reveals that patients with ADHD and emotional instability disorders exhibit similar brain changes, particularly in the frontal lobe. The findings suggest a broader treatment approach for both conditions, potentially benefiting individuals with ADHD who also experience emotional problems.
The study found a significant increase in diagnosed ADHD among US children and adolescents, from 6.1% to 10.2% between 1997 and 2016. Notably, the prevalence varied by age, sex, and geographic region, suggesting that multiple factors contribute to the trend.