Articles tagged with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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A global team of researchers has identified 12 genomic regions associated with ADHD, suggesting a significant role in brain-related processes. The study found that diagnosed ADHD shares much of the same genetic background as traits of ADHD in the general population, at a correlation rate of around 97%.
A study analyzing over 50,000 genomes identified 12 specific DNA fragments related to ADHD vulnerability, highlighting a polygenic hereditary basis and functional relevance. The research also reveals genetic overlaps with major depression, obesity, and other conditions.
A researcher is studying the relationship between dopamine signaling and action control in children with ADHD. The goal is to understand how habits impact decision-making in these individuals and potentially develop new treatments.
Non-medication measures such as one-to-one support and daily report cards improved academic outcomes in children with ADHD. Schools can increase children's ability to regulate their emotions through approaches like these, which may work best for children with ADHD delivered via one-to-one sessions.
A $1.38 million grant from the US Department of Education will fund a three-year project to develop a video game designed to help kids with ADHD learn academic skills and better succeed in school. The project aims to provide a cost-effective means to educate students with ADHD, who require more counseling and disciplinary action.
A mouse study found that paternal sperm DNA epigenetic changes may cause cognitive deficits in offspring, regardless of exposure to secondhand smoke. The effects were seen in both male and female mice, but were more pronounced in females.
Researchers followed 112 youth football players over a season, finding no association between cumulative head impacts and worsening performance on neurocognitive tests. Younger age and ADHD history predicted some score changes, while anxiety and depression were linked to symptom reporting.
Researchers discovered rare functional variants in genes AAED1 and ATAD2 associated with ADHD risk. These findings may lead to the development of genetic diagnostic methods and a better understanding of the disorder's underlying mechanisms.
University of Toronto researchers found that higher levels of urinary fluoride during pregnancy are linked to more ADHD-like symptoms in school-age children. The study analyzed data from over 200 mother-child pairs and found a strong association between prenatal fluoride exposure and inattentive behaviors.
A University of Michigan study found that adults with ADHD excel in creative tasks, inventing novel examples and labels, and being less constrained by traditional approaches.
The study found that prescription rates for ADHD medications are still lower than diagnosis rates worldwide, highlighting disparities in clinical approaches to treating the condition. In contrast, regions like North America have higher medication use rates, but also face concerns of overdiagnosis and overmedication.
Researchers found ADHD patients had a higher risk of developing Parkinson's and Parkinson-like diseases than non-ADHD individuals, especially those prescribed stimulant medications. The study suggests that the long-term health effects of ADHD and its treatment remain understudied.
The study found a significant increase in diagnosed ADHD among US children and adolescents, from 6.1% to 10.2% between 1997 and 2016. Notably, the prevalence varied by age, sex, and geographic region, suggesting that multiple factors contribute to the trend.
A new study published in Molecular Psychiatry reveals that patients with ADHD and emotional instability disorders exhibit similar brain changes, particularly in the frontal lobe. The findings suggest a broader treatment approach for both conditions, potentially benefiting individuals with ADHD who also experience emotional problems.
A recent study found that around 1.1% to 2.5% of ADHD patients treated with methylphenidate may experience psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations. The medication, commonly prescribed for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy, can cause these adverse effects in some children and adolescents.
Researchers found that children with a history of mild traumatic brain injury do not have an increased genetic risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), contrasting with developmental ADHD. The study suggests at least two forms of ADHD, one linked to inherited genes and the other to traumatic brain injury.
A new study found a link between parental smoking and depression with an increased risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The analysis of 23,561 Korean children revealed that family environmental factors play a crucial role in ADHD development.
A network meta-analysis and systematic review found methylphenidate to be the most effective and safe ADHD drug for short-term treatment in children, with amphetamines being the preferred choice for adults. However, more research is needed to confirm long-term effects of ADHD medications.
A study from Aarhus University found that individual behavioral treatment and support for parent training significantly improves ADHD symptoms, parenting self-esteem, and family strain compared to routine treatment. The New Forest Parenting Programme is an effective intervention in real-life settings.
A study of 207 white boys with ADHD found that higher IQ levels and concrete educational goals in adolescence predicted better adult functioning. Conversely, mild conduct problems and lower IQs were associated with poorer outcomes.
A new study in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry found that stimulants like methylphenidate improve classroom behavior and performance by enhancing specific cognitive processes. The more medication helped kids hold and manipulate information in working memory, the greater the classroom benefit.
A study by University of Rhode Island and Brown University researchers found that ADHD medications did not improve cognition in healthy college students, but instead impaired working memory. The medication did show attention and focus improvements, but these effects failed to translate to better performance on neurocognitive tasks.
A randomized controlled trial found that therapy dogs significantly improved attention and social skills in children with ADHD. The study also showed that the presence of therapy dogs enhanced traditional psychosocial intervention and is feasible and safe to implement.
A study of 2,587 Los Angeles County high school students found that frequent use of digital media was associated with a higher likelihood of ADHD symptoms occurring over a 24-month period. The researchers suggest that more research is needed to determine if the association is causal.
A new study by USC researchers links digital media use to increased risk of ADHD symptoms in teenagers. The study found that teens who frequently used smartphones and multimedia devices were twice as likely to show symptoms of ADHD.
A study of NCAA Division I college athletes found that those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were more susceptible to experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety following a concussion. Athletes with ADHD and a history of concussion had significantly higher scores on tests measuring anxiety and depression.
A new study published in Epidemiology found no association between exposure to air pollution and increased risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children aged 3-10 years. The study included data from nearly 30,000 children across seven European countries.
Early premature birth at less than 34 weeks was associated with increased risk of symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The association was most pronounced among girls, suggesting a potential link between prematurity and ADHD symptoms that may be influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
A new study found that women who used DES during pregnancy had a 36% higher risk of ADHD in their grandchildren. The study analyzed self-reported health data from over 47,000 participants and found no difference by sex.
A new clinical trial published in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry shows that a computerised test of attention and activity (QbTest) can reduce the time needed to make a diagnostic decision on ADHD, increase the likelihood of excluding ADHD when it is not present, and improve clinicians' confidence in their decision-making. T...
A study by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem found a link between prolonged acetaminophen use during pregnancy and an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). The analysis shows a 30% increase in relative risk for ADHD and a 20% increase in relative risk for ASD.
A large-scale study finds that women with PCOS are prone to mental health disorders and their children have a greater risk of developing ADHD and autism spectrum disorders. The study suggests that women with PCOS should be screened for mental health disorders to improve their quality of life.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that children with both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at a higher risk of developing anxiety and mood disorders. The study, which analyzed data from over 3,300 children, revealed that these psychiatric conditions were more prevalent in ol...
A new study by University of Pennsylvania researcher Catherine McDonald links teenage driving behaviors to mental health factors like ADHD and depression. The research team found that teens with inattention symptoms made more mistakes on a driving simulator, highlighting the need for healthcare providers to address these issues.
Children as young as four years old with ADHD symptoms showed reduced brain volumes in regions essential for behavioral control. The study provides an indication that anomalous brain structure is evident in the early stages of development and could help predict which children are most at risk for developing ADHD.
Severe TBI in children increases risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) up to 7 years after injury. A study of 187 children with TBI compared to orthopedic injury found 25.7% developed secondary ADHD, highlighting the need for post-injury monitoring.
A study published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology suggests that methylphenidate, an ADHD medication, may be subject to misuse and/or abuse. The study found inconsistent patterns of use among adult users, particularly those aged 25-49 years.
A study has identified five novel genetic variants associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that also influence educational attainment. The findings suggest a shared genetic basis between the two conditions, which may contribute to academic underachievement in children with ADHD.
Researchers at Florida State University are developing a new nonmedication treatment for ADHD using video games. The Central Executive Training program aims to boost brain executive functions and reduce hyperactivity symptoms in children. A five-year NIH grant will test the effectiveness of this innovative approach.
A large study found that children with ADHD engage in substance use at a younger age than those without ADHD, with a significantly higher prevalence of regular marijuana and cigarette use. The study also found a faster progression of substance use during childhood and adolescence.
A nationwide study found that ADHD medication use was associated with a lower risk of developing sexually transmitted infections. The study, which tracked data from over 17,000 individuals with ADHD, found that those who used ADHD medications had a 30-41% lower risk of STIs compared to non-ADHD controls.
A new study published in JAMA Psychiatry found a small increase in the risk of heart defects after first-trimester exposure to methylphenidate. In contrast, amphetamines were not associated with an increased risk of birth defects or congenital heart defects.
A large genetic study found a significant link between delay discounting and ADHD, obesity. Delay discounting refers to the tendency to undervalue future rewards, which was found to be correlated with various psychiatric and behavioral traits.
Researchers used brain MRI to identify differences in brain regions among ADHD patients, distinguishing between subtypes with high accuracy. The study suggests that psychoradiology, a field combining imaging analysis and mental health expertise, could improve diagnosis and treatment planning.
Researchers at University of Kentucky have developed an after-school program to help children with ADHD succeed academically and build confidence. The program uses small group activities and explicit comprehension strategies to improve academic performance.
Researchers analyzed 1.3 million tweets from users with self-reported ADHD diagnoses to understand their online behavior. The study found that people with ADHD tend to post messages related to lack of focus and mental exhaustion, often using words like 'hate' and 'sad'. This could help clinicians develop condition-specific apps that of...
A study by Ohio State University found that reducing harsh parenting approaches, including physical punishment, can calm children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The intervention led to improvements in children's emotional regulation and behavior, with greater benefits seen in those who received longer coaching sessions.
A study found that women with PCOS are more likely to be diagnosed with mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. The research also showed that children born to mothers with PCOS are at a higher risk of developing ADHD and autism spectrum disorder.
A new study suggests that younger primary school children are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than their older peers in the same school year due to a relative age effect. This means that adults, such as parents and teachers, may misattribute signs of immaturity as symptoms of ADHD.
A study of low-income children in New York City found that prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) combined with material hardship significantly increases ADHD symptoms. The researchers assessed levels of PAH exposure and material hardship in maternal blood and child behavior, finding a strong correlation between th...
Researchers at Lehigh University found brief online behavioral therapy for parents is equally effective to in-person training in improving children's behavior and parental knowledge. Parents participating in the streamlined 10-week format were more likely to be engaged and complete training.
A parenting program strengthening skills also improves ADHD symptoms in 3-8 year-olds, according to researchers. The 'Incredible Years' Basic Parent Program demonstrates sustained improvements for children's behavior difficulties and social skills.
A phase 3 study of children ages 6-12 years with ADHD found that a delayed-release, long-acting formulation of methylphenidate improved ADHD symptoms and functional impairment in the morning. The medication provided sustained release throughout the day, reducing the need for multiple doses.
Children with ADHD exhibit excessive movement only when engaging their executive functions, particularly working memory. Research shows that tasks requiring complex cognitive processing, such as math lessons, trigger fidgeting and restlessness in kids with ADHD, while more passive activities like watching movies do not.
A study found that individuals with ADHD showed different patterns of eye movements compared to neurotypical individuals, indicating difficulties with predicting and reacting to upcoming events. This suggests the use of eye movements as an objective measure of temporal expectation, potentially complementing existing diagnostic tools.
A new study reveals consistent correlations between white matter structural patterns and autistic symptoms in both ASD and ADHD, highlighting potential shared disease mechanisms. The study's findings suggest that biomarkers could guide more specific diagnostic tests and treatments.
Research proposes that ADHD may be associated with disruptions in the body's natural circadian rhythm, leading to symptoms like delayed sleep phase and increased alertness in the evening. This finding raises the possibility of treating ADHD through non-pharmacological methods such as light therapy and sleep pattern changes.
A study found that inattentiveness is linked to worse academic performance up to 10 years later, even when accounting for intellectual ability. Inattentiveness can have significant adverse effects on the academic performance of children with and without ADHD.
A study on ADHD used fMRI scans to examine the striatum, a reward center in the brain. Children with ADHD showed less activity in anticipation of a reward, making it harder for them to focus.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that ADHD medication use is associated with a lower risk of substance abuse in adolescents and adults. The study analyzed data from nearly 3 million people with ADHD and found a 35% lower risk in men and a 31% lower risk in women.