Articles tagged with Learning Processes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new method called Annotatability helps identify mismatches in cell annotations and better characterizes biological data structures. This approach enables more precise downstream analysis of biological signals, capturing cellular communities associated with target signals.
A study published in Nature found that new memories are replayed and consolidated when the pupil contracts during non-REM sleep, while older memories are replayed when the pupil dilates. This micro-structure separates new learning from old knowledge, preventing 'catastrophic forgetting'.
Researchers at U of T have created SIMPL2, a platform that simplifies detection and improves accuracy of protein-protein interactions. The tool enables the rapid identification of protein interactions, including weak ones, for targeted drug therapies.
Researchers at Waseda University found that somatosensory electrical stimulation on the wrist can bias subsequent motor decisions, increasing the likelihood of using the stimulated hand. This phenomenon highlights a connection between sensory input and motor choices, with potential implications for individuals with motor impairments.
D-Glue, an eco-friendly adhesive designed to break apart at lower temperatures, will partner with Plug and Play Japan's Deeptech Program. The debondable glue aims to reduce landfill waste and energy consumption, with the potential to expand production on a mass scale.
A new report outlines best practices and standards for human body donation programs in the US, emphasizing the importance of informed consent and oversight. The guidelines aim to uphold donor dignity and maintain highest ethical standards.
Researchers at KAIST developed a new method to learn without weight transport, enabling faster and more accurate learning. By pre-training with random noise, the team showed that neural networks can achieve high learning efficiency and solve the weight transport problem.
Researchers found that babies' first vocalizations and attempts at forming words coincide with fluctuations in their heart rate. This discovery may indicate that successful speech development depends on predictable ranges of autonomic activity during infancy.
Researchers developed a new benchmark for health care using reinforcement learning, which shows promise in managing chronic or psychiatric diseases. However, current methods are data-hungry and fail to perform accurately when tested on real-world data.
A new study sheds light on how age-related changes affect financial skills, finding that verbal representations and language processing play a crucial role. Individuals with better language skills and higher household income are more likely to excel in financial tasks.
An education expert proposes a paradigm shift to a 'school within a school' model, giving students leadership over education on a small scale. This approach aims to provide transformative changes by focusing on less prescribed curriculum and more student autonomy.
Researchers at MUSC discover an RNA:DNA 'sandwich' plays a key role in how the brain interprets emotional experiences and brings about behavioral adaptations. The discovery could lead to better RNA therapies for treating brain disorders.
The AstroRad vest employs high-density polymers to shield vital organs from radiation exposure, addressing cancer and radiation sickness risks. The wearable technology has undergone extensive testing through the ISS National Lab, leading to significant enhancements in its design and functionality.
Researchers at Pusan National University developed a hybrid model to predict metal wear in magnesium alloys, enabling safer, lighter designs. The model combines machine learning and physics to improve fatigue life prediction, offering greater predictive reliability for enhanced safety and longevity.
A USC study reveals that forming social ties relies on learning from positive outcomes, such as rewards, and tracking relational value. The findings help explain why we are drawn to certain people and how we navigate relationships, with implications for mental health and social behavior.
Researchers found that weakly spatial cells gradually correlate their activity with other neurons to form a mental map, stitching together individual locations. Sleep aids in this process, refining neural network activity and consolidating memories.
A new multi-target quantum compilation algorithm developed by Tohoku University's Dr. Le Bin Ho improves the flexibility and performance of quantum computers. This allows for efficient handling of complex systems and tasks involving multiple variables in quantum machine learning.
A study by Tulane University researchers found that tumors in female fruit flies grew 2.5 times larger than those in male fruit flies due to sex-based differences in immune response. The stronger innate immune response in females accelerated tumor growth.
A recent study by ESMT Berlin scholars presents a comprehensive framework detailing the impact of AI on open innovation. The framework highlights three key ways in which AI is transforming open innovation practices: enhancing existing methods through efficiency and scalability, enabling new forms of collaboration and business models, a...
Researchers use real-time neuroimaging and neurofeedback to modify brain activity patterns, enabling faster learning and treatment of psychiatric disorders. The study demonstrates the ability to inscribe new patterns into the brain without physical manipulation.
The RATE-XR guideline standardizes reporting for early-phase clinical studies involving extended reality technologies, ensuring transparency, safety, and ethical reporting. Developed through a multidisciplinary team of international experts, the comprehensive framework fosters reproducibility and patient-centeredness.
A study by SWPS University researchers challenges prevailing myths about older adults' decision-making abilities. Older adults demonstrate an inherent ability to resist manipulation effectively and make complex decisions as younger people, contrary to previous studies suggesting they are risk-averse.
Research by UCL experts found that online training can improve speech intelligibility for both older and younger adults, with a 30% improvement in understanding sentences spoken by new voices. The study suggests that practicing listening to regularly encountered voices could enhance everyday communication.
Researchers found that desert ants rely on the polarity of the geomagnetic field to navigate during learning walks, contradicting previous findings in other insects. The team manipulated magnetic fields and observed the ants' behavior, concluding that a compass-like navigation system is useful for short-distance navigation.
A USC-led study found that neurogenesis in adults supports verbal learning and memory, enabling people to have conversations. The discovery could lead to new approaches to restore cognitive function in patients with epilepsy and other conditions.
The Center for Marine Autonomy and Robotics develops advanced underwater robots and autonomy algorithms, enabling intelligent operation without human oversight. The research team has received $7.4 million in grants to continue their mission, advancing unconventional marine platforms and enhancing AUV capabilities.
Researchers at UCSF found a brain signature of resilience in mice that suggests a new way to treat severe depression. Stress changes activity in the amygdala, distinguishing resilient from less resilient mice. By stimulating neurons, the team improved decision-making and reduced ruminating in less resilient mice.
A $13 million initiative led by PNNL has created an AI-ready searchable database of 28,212 documents, reducing the time to conduct environmental reviews from 2-4 years to minutes. The PolicyAI toolkit is currently beta testing with federal NEPA reviewers, aiming to deliver time and cost savings.
A new OHSU study reveals that the human ability to conceptualize numbers is rooted deep within the brain, specifically in the putamen region. This finding has significant implications for improving learning among math-challenged individuals and for neurosurgical interventions.
Scientists at MIT developed a fully integrated photonic processor that can perform all key computations of a deep neural network optically on the chip. The device completed machine-learning classification tasks in under half a nanosecond while achieving over 92% accuracy, similar to traditional hardware.
Researchers developed a framework to guide failed entrepreneurs on how to start again and predict their likely outcome. The study analyzed 180 publications on entrepreneurial failure, highlighting the importance of reflection, coping mechanisms, and a positive attitude towards failure.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute developed a new, efficient metabolic pathway to convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate, enabling effective CO2 utilization. The 'lactyl-CoA mutase' enzyme can produce valuable products like 3-hydroxypropionate for sustainable plastics.
Researchers at Universität Leipzig focus on two-state systems, known as qubits, to improve conceptual understanding in learners. The study shows that teaching concepts based on two-state systems are more conducive to learning than traditional approaches.
A new study reveals that concussions impact aperiodic brain activity in high school football players, leading to slowed cognitive function and worse post-concussion symptoms. The research highlights the importance of protective measures in contact sports and may lead to new treatments for concussion recovery.
NCSA launches Harbor, a fast storage service for global home and software directories, boosting Delta system performance by 400%. Consolidating file systems to VAST namespace improved uptime, load times, and user experience. With Harbor and VAST Data Platform, NCSA achieves scalable and efficient AI infrastructure.
A recent study from Stanford University reveals that dopamine and serotonin work together, but also in opposition, to shape behavior. Researchers found that dopamine signals increase with reward prediction while serotonin signals decrease, but only when both systems are active can animals learn to link cues with rewards.
Researchers used computer simulations to explore the concept of learning in cells, finding a requirement for 'timescale separation' and potential 'memory' mechanisms. The study could deepen our understanding of how learning and memory operate at the most basic level of life.
Researchers have trained AI models to distinguish brain tumors from healthy tissue using convolutional neural networks and transfer learning. The models achieved an average accuracy of 85.99% at detecting brain cancer, with the ability to generate images showing specific areas in its tumor-positive or negative classification.
A brain-based condition causing vision problems in children has been defined by a NIH-led team. The five elements of cerebral (or cortical) visual impairment (CVI) include difficulty visually searching for objects or understanding complex motion.
Researchers suggest that starting with smaller neural networks and using curriculum learning can improve performance and reduce the need for massive computing resources. This approach could lead to more resource-efficient and less energy-consuming AI systems.
BrookieKids, a local education tech startup, has launched an AI-powered digital library featuring over 50 Mandarin voice-interactive stories. The platform uses speech AI to guide conversations and boost conversational skills in a fun and interactive way.
Greg Liu has developed a revolutionary way to convert certain plastics into soaps, detergents, lubricants, and other products through thermolysis. The process breaks down polypropylene and polyethylene molecules into chemical compounds, leaving minimal residual solids and usable oil.
A new study reveals that children often begin with holistic learning, identifying whole phrases before breaking them down into parts. This approach challenges the traditional view that language is acquired by assembling smaller parts into larger structures.
The University of the Arts Helsinki study finds that integrating interculturalism into music education cultivates empathetic and globally-minded artists. Students benefit from engaging in intercultural dialogue, collaboration, and community-based projects, fostering a new generation of global citizens.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology found that teenagers often make suboptimal choices due to limited cognitive resources. As they grow older, these 'noisy' decisions decrease and are replaced by more sophisticated choice behaviors. This improvement is linked to increased performance across learning tasks.
Researchers found that in male worms, a memory of a positive association (sex) can override a negative one (starvation), influencing behavior. This finding has implications for understanding health conditions like PTSD, where conflicting memories impact behavior.
A WVU research partnership with the DEA aims to improve fast and accurate identification of psychoactive substances like fentanyl. The Expert Algorithm for Substance Identification (EASI) will enable labs using different instruments to share data on chemical profiles, helping to identify drugs like fentanyl.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have successfully captured viral infection process under a light microscope using the giant Mimivirus. The footage showcases the proliferation of the virus and its release from cells, highlighting its biological significance in ecosystems.
A deep learning AI model can identify pathology in images of animal and human tissue much faster and often more accurately than people, potentially revolutionizing disease-related research and medical diagnosis. The model was trained using images from past epigenetic studies and showed accuracy comparable to human experts.
Research finds that adults outperform children in learning new motor skills, with older individuals improving faster and retaining skills longer. Better sleep appears to benefit children's learning and memory more, but other factors like sleep deprivation may also play a role.
NeuroMechFly v2 simulates how a fruit fly navigates through its environment while reacting to sights, smells, and obstacles. The model can track moving objects visually or navigate towards an odor source, while avoiding obstacles in its path, enabling researchers to study brain-body coordination and animal intelligence.
The new CAMP 2.0 tool provides personalized medicine for managing allergic contact dermatitis by generating safe lists based on individual patch testing results. It offers thousands of product options and interactive tools to help patients find safe products, track their quality of life, and understand their allergens.
A study by New York University researchers shows that non-brain cells, such as those from the kidney and nerve tissues, can form memories through a process called the massed-spaced effect. This phenomenon allows these cells to retain information better when studied in spaced intervals rather than all at once.
A TU Wien-developed robot can learn to clean a sink by watching humans perform the task, adapting its knowledge to different shapes and applying the right amount of force. The technology combines machine learning and robotics, enabling robots to share their parameters through federated learning.
Clinicians should avoid using 'never words' that can scare, offend, or diminish agency in patients and families dealing with serious illness. Researchers recommend alternative language and methods for clinicians to identify their own never words.
Researchers discovered brain cells that map an animal's position in behavioural coordinates, helping understand how the brain generates complex behaviors. The findings may be useful in understanding psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia.
A global research team, led by Indiana University's Linda Smith, will investigate how shape perception influences language acquisition in children with typical and atypical developmental trajectories. The project aims to develop a cross-disciplinary theory of the dynamic interaction between language and cognitive systems.
Researchers develop model to calculate ideal learning rate based on environmental change and life cycle. The optimal pace of learning increases in the same way regardless of environmental changes, suggesting a generalizable phenomenon underlying learning in various ecosystems.
A new study from Virginia Tech shows large language models can assess human-made environments using street-view images, similar to traditional methods. LLM-based performance offers a more accessible tool for users in small to medium-sized cities, making it easier to manage smart urban infrastructure.
A study by researchers at the University of Zurich found that common marmosets' brain development is shaped by prolonged learning from social interactions, similar to humans. This similarity suggests that early-life social experiences may be crucial for the formation of neural and cognitive networks in humans.