Articles tagged with Human Brain
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A global team of neuroscientists has created the most detailed wiring diagram of a mammalian brain, revealing new cell types, characteristics, and organizational principles. The MICrONS Project's findings have transformative potential for neuroscience and medicine, offering a blueprint for understanding intelligence and disorders like ...
Researchers have validated a blood test for early detection of Alzheimer's disease, achieving over 90% accuracy in hospital patients. The test uses a biomarker called phospho-tau217 and has the potential to reduce costs associated with current diagnostic tests, improving access to care and treatment.
New research reveals changes in brain connectivity during chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, particularly in the frontal-limbic system and cerebellar cortex. These changes worsen as treatment continues, suggesting that chemotherapy can quickly disrupt brain function in breast cancer patients.
A new study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that having a father with Alzheimer's disease may be associated with a greater spread of tau protein in the brain. Female participants also showed a heavier buildup of tau protein, highlighting potential vulnerabilities.
A study found that brain activity can predict a person's political affiliation with 80% accuracy when making food purchases. Researchers used fMRI to measure brain activity in Republicans and Democrats, finding distinct neural patterns for each group.
Dr. Romina Mizrahi's PET-based neuroimaging sheds light on brain workings, integrating genetics, environment and imaging to understand psychiatric illness as a complex biological puzzle. She advocates for precision psychiatry paradigm with customized treatments based on molecular profiles, and calls for diversity in academic leadership.
Researchers analyzed brain tissue from individuals with severe Tourette syndrome and identified three key changes: altered gene activity, regulatory element modifications, and interneuron loss. These findings provide unprecedented insights into the disorder's biology and may explain why individuals experience involuntary movements and ...
A new Northwestern University study finds that NU-9 improves neuron health in animal models of Alzheimer's disease by addressing the underlying mechanisms of misfolded proteins. The drug reduces protein buildup and prevents inflammation, showing potential for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic developed a personalized deep brain stimulation platform to treat drug-resistant epilepsy. The study found that this approach reduced seizures while also improving memory and sleep in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
A study of over 9,000 participants found that early life adversities correlate with diminished white matter connections, increasing the risk for cognitive difficulties. However, supportive relationships such as neighborhood cohesion and positive parenting may offer protection against these effects.
A new AI tool called MindGlide can extract key information from brain images to measure damaged areas and highlight subtle changes in MS patients. The tool performed better than other AI tools and expert clinical analysis, enabling researchers to unlock valuable insights into multiple sclerosis.
Two studies detail the intricate brain-immune crosstalk that underlies inflammation's impact on mood and behavior, offering new insights into autism and anxiety. Inflammation-driven cytokines regulate the brain's fear center, while anti-inflammatory signals calm neurons.
Neuro-immunologist Stephen Hauser has won the 2025 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences for his role in identifying the immune system's primary driver of damage to nerve cells in multiple sclerosis. His B-cell theory has led to the development of therapies that have transformed treatment, reducing relapses and improving prognosis.
A study found that people process movements differently based on avatar appearance, with a neural system dedicated to perceiving others' movements playing a key role. The findings may help scientists improve human-AI interactions.
The International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) will hold its 24th Annual Meeting in Seattle, featuring 1600 posters, 28 oral sessions, and keynotes on topics such as daily challenges faced by the autism community and implementation science aimed at enhancing systems of care.
Researchers found that immune molecule IL-17 influences brain regions to induce either anxiety in the amygdala or sociable behavior in the somatosensory cortex. This discovery highlights the interconnectedness of the immune and nervous systems.
Researchers have developed a novel wearable brain scanner that measures high frequency brain waves, revealing changes in E-I balance with age. This new technology allows for unprecedented precision in studying brain function in young children, potentially leading to better understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.
The Ralph L. Sacco Scholarships in Brain Health support research into vascular disease's impact on cognitive decline, dementia, and brain health. Researchers Hortense Triniac and Katy Walsh will study protein interactions to reduce stroke risk and investigate cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
A study of European jackdaws reveals that sleep-deprived birds prioritize deep sleep over vigilant wakefulness. The findings suggest that even flexible sleep strategies have limits, highlighting the importance of understanding animal sleep patterns to better comprehend human sleep loss.
Researchers discovered a mechanism that harnesses immune cells to produce opioids, potentially alleviating chronic pain. Estrogen and progesterone drive this process, which could lead to more effective treatments for women experiencing pain after menopause.
New research identifies specific populations of neurons in the amygdala that play a key role in regulating nutritional needs and turning them into action. The study reveals distinct groups of neurons responding to thirst and hunger, guided by molecular cues.
A global study led by UCalgary researchers found that one in five people who experience a minor stroke or TIA will have another stroke within 10 years. The study analyzed data from over 171,000 patients across four continents and shows a persistently high risk of future strokes for at least a decade.
Researchers found that habitually exercising retired adults outperformed sedentary peers in physical and cognitive tests. The study suggests that regular physical activity can help avoid the negative impacts of mental fatigue on cognitive and physical performance.
A new simulation of brain metabolism has revealed potential targets for future dementia treatments, according to a study published in Frontiers in Science. The model, available on the Open Brain Platform, could help scientists accelerate research into interventions promoting healthy brain aging.
A clinical study confirms that early treatment with fosdenopterin/rcPMP significantly reduces the risk of early death and promotes healthy brain development in infants with MoCD type A. The therapy restores the missing molybdenum cofactor, leading to improved developmental milestones.
Scientists at ISTA create a new brain organoid model that incorporates microglia to study viral infections, such as Rubella, and test the effectiveness of ibuprofen. The results show that microglia play a crucial role in inflammatory reactions and that ibuprofen exerts its protective effects by inhibiting two inflammatory enzymes.
Research suggests that individual differences in brain chemistry, particularly the balance of dopamine receptors, play a crucial role in determining who benefits from Ritalin. Study participants with higher D1-to-D2 receptor ratios performed better on memory tasks and showed improved cognitive performance when taking Ritalin.
A new study by UCL researchers found that people with visual Alzheimer's disease have a unique distribution of proteins and markers in their brain, leading to symptoms such as reading difficulties. In contrast, those with memory-led Alzheimer's disease have different protein patterns, resulting in symptoms like memory loss.
A study found that people with migraines and other headaches have increased levels of visual cortex excitability compared to healthy individuals. This indicates that existing medications targeting visual cortex excitability may be useful for this population.
Researchers have identified specific brain structures that regulate political passion, finding damage to the prefrontal cortex increases intensity and amygdala decrease it. The study suggests emotion plays a role in shaping expressed political beliefs rather than determining ideology.
Tadashi Isa returns to NIPS as director with goal to foster young researchers and maintain balance between cutting-edge research and collaborative studies. He aims to elevate physiological and neuroscience research in Japan to a world-class level.
A research group has uncovered a potential mechanism linking maternal inflammation to delayed neurodevelopment in infants. CD11c-positive microglia, crucial for myelination, play a key role in this process.
A new study published in Radiology found that higher blast exposure correlated with changes in brain function and structure, even when standard MRI exams appeared normal. The researchers discovered weaker connectivity in key areas and more severe symptoms such as memory problems and post-traumatic stress disorder.
The latest APA journal issues explore treatment and risk factors for schizophrenia, as well as medical mistrust and bias. Research also examines the management of borderline personality disorder, including good psychiatric practice and its effectiveness.
A new study found that children exposed to higher levels of air pollution have weaker connections between key brain regions, potentially disrupting normal brain network development. The associations persist throughout adolescence, suggesting persistent disruptions in brain function.
A research team has uncovered a fundamental brain circuit that distinguishes between direct and vicarious fear, with the locus coeruleus playing a crucial role in processing fear. The study reveals a lateralized LC-NAergic system that separates personal from socially learned fear, shedding light on empathy and social learning.
A new study from USC Dornsife's Brain and Creativity Institute found that nostalgic music engages the brain's default mode network linked to memory and self-reflection, as well as its reward circuitry. This discovery could support emotional well-being and cognitive function in individuals with memory impairments.
A recent study demonstrates gene therapy's potential to restore motor capacity in an ultra-rare disease, Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with Subcortical Cysts (MLC), even after symptom onset. The treatment restored normal protein activity, normalizing physiological brain alterations and reversing motor impairments in treated mice.
Researchers at UCalgary have discovered a protein called CD2AP that may hold the key to reducing Alzheimer's disease risk. Levels of this protein are lower in patients with AD, and its absence affects memory function, particularly in males. The study suggests a sex-dependent link between vascular system health and brain function.
Researchers have created tiny robotic tools that can grip, pull and cut tissue in the brain using external magnetic fields. The tools, which are only a few millimetres in diameter, were tested on a phantom brain and found to make precise cuts with an average width of 0.3-0.4 millimetres.
Researchers develop a powerful model to study TDP-43 pathology, which accumulates in the cytoplasm and depletes from the nucleus, leading to neuronal death. The 'seeded' protein aggregates recapitulate key features of ALS and frontotemporal dementia.
Researchers found that women have significantly more sensitive hearing than men, with an average difference of two decibels across all populations studied. Environmental factors such as living in forests or high altitudes also affect hearing sensitivity, with forest-dwellers having the highest and altitude residents having the lowest.
Researchers used a large language model to analyze clinical reports of autism patients and found that repetitive behaviors and special interests are most indicative of an autism diagnosis. The study aims to improve diagnostic guidelines by reducing the focus on social factors.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry identified the Shisa7 gene as a key driver of heroin addiction. The research team used machine learning to analyze brain tissue from human opioid users and found that modulating this gene's expression influenced heroin-seeking behavior and cognitive flexibility.
Researchers created an atlas of the brain's mitochondria, revealing that younger brain regions have more specialized mitochondria for efficient energy production. The study provides a new perspective on the role of energy in brain health and may lead to new approaches for treating neurological and psychiatric disorders.
A study found that consuming sucralose alters brain activity related to hunger and increases appetite, especially in people with obesity. The sugar substitute changes how the hypothalamus communicates with other brain regions, including those involved in motivation, potentially leading to cravings and eating behavior changes.
Researchers discovered that D1 and D2 neurons in the brain work together to process appetitive and aversive stimuli, with D2 neurons playing a key role in extinguishing negative associations. This understanding can help develop new treatments for anxiety and post-traumatic stress.
Researchers found significant differences in brain connectivity between children with autism and typically developing children, particularly in the left hemisphere. The study identified specific white matter tracts linked to core ASD symptoms, providing new insights into how structural differences relate to behavior.
A new open-source model of brain metabolism has shown how altering key chemicals can restore aged cells to their youthful activity and resilience. The detailed simulation provides a glimpse into the impact of aging on brain metabolism and highlights potential drug targets.
Adults with ADHD have higher levels of brain iron and neurofilaments, associated with increased risk of dementia. The study provides first evidence for a neurological mechanism possibly involved in the link between ADHD and dementia.
A new approach to AI developed by Texas A&M University engineers mimics the human brain's neural processes, integrating learning and memory in a single system. This 'Super-Turing AI' has the potential to revolutionize the industry by reducing energy consumption and environmental impact.
A team of researchers from Bonn and Tübingen investigated the brain's ability to retain a sequence of events in memory using implanted electrodes. They found that the traditional theory was contradicted by their data, but an alternative mechanism emerged through AI simulations.
A study confirms plasma p-tau217 as a blood-based biomarker for early Alzheimer's detection in Asian populations. Higher levels correlate with faster cognitive decline, suggesting its potential role as both diagnostic and predictor tool.
A new study found that children with ADHD have a notable increase in functional connectivity while playing a virtual reality game, providing new insight into the condition. The results suggest that psychological testing for ADHD should be conducted in situations where symptoms are triggered.
Groundbreaking research from the University of South Australia shows that any form of exercise can significantly boost brain function and memory across children, adults, and older adults. Regular exercise improves general cognition, memory, and executive function in both healthy individuals and those with clinical conditions.
Researchers from Syracuse University found potential benefits of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on attention and fatigue in post-stroke patients, but results were mixed. Participants who received real tDCS showed decreased fatigue, while actual treatment did not improve attention tests.
A team of researchers has identified a common brain network that generalized seizures hijack, which is located in the region where deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes are placed. This finding could help explain why DBS is effective in alleviating generalized seizures and potentially improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that perceiving prices significantly different from expectations triggers a strong N400 signal in the brain, engaging regions involved in evaluating rewards and learning. This suggests that consumers' perceptions of value are part of automatic cognitive mechanisms activated long before conscious decision-making.
Researchers at WVU have discovered a way to fine-tune zinc activity to improve messaging in the brain, with potential applications for treating conditions such as autism, schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. The study identified new compounds that can selectively change synaptic connections by modulating zinc levels.
A new study found that parakeet brains generate patterns seen in humans as they speak, suggesting a similar connection between higher brain activity and sound production. This discovery may help develop new treatments for speech disorders affecting millions of Americans.