Articles tagged with Muscles
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Researchers have developed soft, electrically activated devices that mimic the expansion and contraction of natural muscles. These devices can be constructed from low-cost materials, are able to self-sense their movements and self-heal from electrical damage.
A recent study found that complete inactivity has a greater impact on the muscle power of older people than young individuals. This loss of muscle mass is more pronounced and can lead to increased decline in metabolic health and functional capacity.
Facial exercises improved middle-aged women's facial appearance by increasing muscle volume and reducing visible signs of aging. After 20 weeks, participants showed a significant decrease in age appearance, with average skin firmness and fuller upper and lower cheeks.
A new study from The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center suggests that weak deep core muscles increase the risk of low back pain in runners. By analyzing muscle movements and pressure on joints, researchers found that planks and stabilizing exercises are essential for preventing back pain.
The study found that the Pacific midshipman's swimbladder muscles release and pump calcium ions at a much slower rate than those of other fish, allowing it to sustain an hour-long mating call. This low level of calcium release reduces metabolic demands and enables the muscle fibers to contract with sufficient force.
Researchers developed an algorithm to improve the control of series elastic actuators in robots, enabling better handling of unknown payload parameters and external disturbances. The new method allows for more flexible and precise robotic movements, improving human-robot interaction safety.
Researchers found that whole eggs stimulate greater post-workout muscle protein synthesis compared to egg whites. The study suggests that consuming protein in its natural matrix is more beneficial for muscles.
A new study by researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute describes the biology behind why muscle stem cells respond differently to aging or injury. Adult muscle stem cells are essential for repairing and regenerating muscle throughout life, but their ability to cope with different stimuli varies depending on the...
Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) is characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. Researchers have identified an upregulation of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) myokine signaling pathway in CDM muscles, suggesting that enhanced RNA toxicity contributes to severe CDM phenotypes through aberrant IL-6 signaling.
Researchers at Saint Louis University report promising results slowing DMD progression using SR8278, a nuclear receptor regulator drug that increases lean mass and muscle function while decreasing fibrosis and protein degradation.
Scientists develop modified CRISPR-Cas9 technique that alters gene activity without cutting DNA, reversing diseases in mice models. The technique uses adeno-associated viruses to introduce genetic manipulation machinery to cells, promoting expression of target genes without introducing mutations.
A new study found that fat distribution patterns, not just overall weight, are linked to heart attack risk in women and men. Women had higher subcutaneous fat but lower lean mass compared to men, who had more visceral adipose tissue and ectopic fat.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have successfully grown a fully functional artificial human heart muscle large enough to patch over damaged tissue. The breakthrough enables therapies to replace lost muscle after a heart attack, which currently leaves patients with scar tissue that cannot transmit electrical signals or contract.
Researchers created origami-inspired artificial muscles that add strength to soft robots, allowing them to lift objects up to 1,000 times their own weight. The muscles are programmable, compact, and can be made for less than $1, opening the door to numerous applications in robotics, medicine, and space exploration.
Research at Kiel University has discovered that the bacterial colonization of the intestine controls peristaltic functions. The study found that only a balanced microbiome can regulate tissue contractions, with certain molecules secreted by bacteria intervening in the control mechanism.
A long-running study supports standard prescribing practices for glucocorticoid therapy in DMD patients, showing longer preservation of muscle strength and function and decreased risk of death. The study found that long-term use of these drugs delayed loss of mobility milestones and reduced mortality risk.
A team of researchers discovered that different subtypes of muscle cells play critical roles in orchestrating tissue regeneration in flatworms. Removing specific muscle groups was shown to disrupt the regeneration process, revealing essential functions for longitudinal and circular fibers.
African clawed frog Xenopus laevis study reveals that contrasting visual patterns affect the optokinetic reflex. The level of contrast determines motion perception efficiency, with brightly lit structures against a darker background allowing for better tracking.
Researchers at UofL discovered the critical role of MyD88 in muscle development and regeneration, highlighting its potential to improve therapies for degenerative muscle disorders. The study also suggests that increasing MyD88 levels could inhibit growth of rhabdomyosarcomas and enhance engraftment of exogenous myoblasts.
A team of researchers has received a $1.8M grant to develop an implantable muscle stimulator that mimics regular weight-shifting to improve muscle health and prevent pressure ulcers and deep tissue injuries in patients with spinal cord injuries.
Researchers at George Mason University are developing a new ultrasound-based system to help people with upper-body extremity prostheses, including fine-tuned motor control of fingers and thumb. The technology differentiates between muscle groups better than electrodes on the skin surface.
A study of the TubeCrush website found that both straight women's and gay men's desired types of men featured white, muscular figures with emphasis on physical strength and wealth symbols like smart suits and watches. The researchers argue that this celebration of masculine capital reinforces societal gender roles.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that endurance training can help alleviate muscle inflammation by targeting specific immune cells and promoting muscle repair. The research found that exercise alters microRNAs that downregulate immune processes and increase mitochondrial content, ultimately reducing muscle damage and inflamma...
A Saint Louis University researcher has identified two classes of drugs that could turn off the DUX4 protein responsible for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). The first class of drugs inhibits bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins, while the second class turns on beta-2 adrenergic signaling. These discoveries offer hope ...
Researchers found that stem cell injections improved circulation, induced gene expression changes, and reduced inflammation in diabetic mice with peripheral artery disease. The study suggests that stem cell treatment could help alleviate symptoms in severe PAD patients.
A new study by Wake Forest University researchers suggests that weight training with a low-calorie diet preserves lean muscle mass in older adults. Combining resistance training and calorie restriction resulted in less muscle loss and significant fat loss compared to cardio workouts or diet alone.
Researchers found that massage increased muscle growth after loss and improved protein manufacture in cells, leading to faster regeneration. Additionally, non-massaged muscles showed accelerated growth, suggesting massage could benefit both injured and healthy limbs.
Addressing poor nutrition in liver failure patients is vital, as it can lead to muscle wasting, weakness, and fatigue. A new review emphasizes the need for routine nutritional screening, especially in those with muscle wasting, and highlights the importance of adequate caloric and protein intake.
A study of 20 patients under 60 found substantial long-term improvement after 'reverse' shoulder replacement for massive, irreparable rotator cuff tears. Despite a high complication rate, most patients reported excellent or good satisfaction levels with improved shoulder function and pain management.
A new experimental drug has been found to block deadly muscle scarring that contributes to chronic heart failure and skeletal muscle disorders. The treatment targets alpha V integrins on scar-forming cells, reducing scarring even when the process has already started.
A new investigation reveals that human brains are less impaired than skeletal muscles when experiencing extreme physical and mental exertion. The 'selfish brain' hypothesis suggests that the brain prioritizes its own energy needs over peripheral organs, potentially contributing to human evolution's trade-offs.
A study of mitochondrial DNA found higher levels of lesions and extra copies of genes in veterans with Gulf War illness, suggesting excess DNA damage. This supports the idea that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to symptoms and persistence of GWI.
Researchers have retrieved original pigment, beta-keratin and muscle proteins from a 54-million-year-old sea turtle hatchling, providing direct evidence that a pigmentation-based survival trait evolved in ancient sea turtles. The study confirms the preservation of multiple proteins over millions of years.
Inflamatory cells retain medication in regenerating muscle cells, improving drug delivery to affected tissue. Researchers discover macrophages as long-term storage reservoirs for prolonged delivery of eteplirsen, opening possibilities for future therapeutics.
A new study by the University of Exeter suggests that Quorn protein may be as effective as animal-based proteins in building muscle. The research compared Mycoprotein, a fungi-based protein source found in Quorn foods, to milk protein and found equivalent bioavailability.
A study using fruit flies has identified a mechanism behind a human heart condition that causes the heart to enlarge and fail. The mutation interferes with heart muscle relaxation, preventing it from fully filling with blood and pumping it out.
Researchers have confirmed that cartilaginous fish fin and hypobranchial muscles develop via a similar mechanism to limb muscles in land-dwelling vertebrates and bony fish. Conserved genes, including Pax3 and Myod, were also identified.
Researchers discovered that muscle cell lipid composition varies with the time of day, influenced by a biological clock, which could help regulate insulin sensitivity. This variation is linked to type 2 diabetes development.
Researchers removed frog embryos' brains and found muscles & nerves developed abnormally without brain; they successfully rescued defects with human-approved drugs. The study reveals the brain's role in early development and could lead to better ways to address birth defects.
A recent study found that young people taking anti-epileptic drugs experience elevated rates of bone fractures and reduced bone mineral density. The study highlights the need to further investigate bone health issues in pediatric patients on these medications.
Researchers at Columbia University developed a 3D-printable synthetic soft muscle with intrinsic expansion ability, outperforming natural muscle in strain density and lifting capacity. The material can be shaped and reshaped to mimic natural motion, enabling the creation of lifelike robots for various applications.
Scientists have successfully replicated facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSH) in mice by inserting the DUX4 gene into skeletal muscle cells. This new animal model holds great promise for developing therapies for FSH, a disease affecting an estimated 38,000 Americans. The study also reveals a previously unknown mechanism of muscl...
Researchers have identified a key molecular connection between inflammation and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. The discovery sheds light on how chronic inflammation increases the risk of developing insulin resistance, which can lead to full-blown diabetes.
Portuguese researchers have discovered how cellular nuclei reach their position within muscle cells, a process disrupted in most muscle disorders. This finding has important implications for developing novel therapeutic strategies to treat muscular diseases and sport-induced muscle injuries.
Researchers at Westmead Institute for Medical Research have discovered a new approach to treating type 1 diabetes, using pancreatic islet transplants delivered into the quadriceps muscle. This method presents fewer risks than current clinical practice of transplanting islets into the liver via the portal vein.
A new method reveals abnormally shortened telomeres in DMD patients' muscle stem cells, leading to early loss of regeneration capacity and disease progression. The finding suggests gene therapy and treatments targeting telomere length could slow or stop the disease.
Reactive oxygen species are crucial signals that start muscle repair processes. Proper mitochondrial function is necessary for energy production and repairing injured myofibers. Excess antioxidants can inhibit this signaling process, exacerbating muscle damage.
Midwestern University researchers found anatomical variations linked with nTOS, revealing a new explanation for its difficulty in diagnosis. Ultrasound diagnostics revealed brachial plexus piercing variations at higher rates in subjects with nTOS symptoms.
Researchers have discovered a unique spring-loaded mechanism in the jaws of Myrmoteras ants, allowing them to capture springtails at speeds of up to 50 miles per hour. The mechanism involves a trigger muscle and a lobe on the ant's head that compresses before releasing the jaws.
A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that consuming protein throughout the day, rather than just at two meals, can lead to greater muscle mass and strength in older adults. Researchers analyzed data from over 1,800 seniors in Quebec and discovered a positive correlation between balanced protein intake a...
A common genetic variant in the LILRB5 gene is associated with an increased risk of muscle aches and statin intolerance. Researchers found that individuals carrying two copies of this variant have a higher risk of general statin intolerance and low-dose intolerance, highlighting the need for alternative treatment options.
Researchers at Mount Sinai developed a clinical index to evaluate muscle-related symptoms associated with statin use. The team proposes re-challenging or switching statins, adopting healthy lifestyle changes, and exploring non-statin pharmacotherapies to optimize cholesterol treatment for patients experiencing adverse muscle symptoms.
A new technique developed at McGill University has made it possible to study the behavior of individual sarcomeres in muscles. The researchers found that neighboring sarcomeres adjust to the activation of one single sarcomere, leading to a cooperative mechanism that is crucial for understanding muscle contraction.
Researchers at Midwestern University discovered that the muscles controlling mammalian perineal structures follow a simple ancient pattern, dating back over 360 million years. This finding defines placental mammals as a group and reveals the evolutionary innovation of cloacal separation into distinct structures.
New UBC study finds that women have greater muscle endurance than men during dynamic exercise, with males becoming fatigued faster. The research suggests adapting exercise programs and work environments to minimize fatigue and improve productivity.
The electronic skin microsystem developed by Kyung-In Jang and John A. Rogers tracks heart rate, respiration, muscle movement, and other health data, transmitting it wirelessly to a smartphone. The device offers improved flexibility, smaller size, and self-adhesive properties.
A study published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery found that early surgery to repair supraspinatus tears leads to substantial improvement in clinical and radiographic outcomes at 10 years. The results suggest that preventing later rotator cuff muscle degeneration is key to long-term success.
A team of Vanderbilt University engineers has developed smart underwear that can help prevent back pain by offloading stress on the low back muscles. The device features two fabric sections connected by straps and can be controlled via an app or a simple double tap, reducing muscle fatigue by up to 45%.
A genetic study identified neuronal circuits responsible for mouse pups' ultrasonic calls, which summon their mothers. These findings may shed light on the development and manifestation of speech disorders in humans.
Scientists identified three distinct smile types: reward, affiliation, and dominance, with specific facial muscle combinations. The research provides precise physical descriptions of smile subtypes, enabling better classification and study of smiles in pivotal human interactions.