Articles tagged with Muscles
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study found that wearing an exoskeleton increases stress on the back by up to 53% and stresses different muscles in the torso by anywhere from 56-120%. Despite relieving arm stress, users reported discomfort due to stiff metal rods in the harness.
A study published by the European Society of Cardiology found that central obesity, even in patients with normal BMI, significantly increases the risk of heart problems. Measuring central obesity can provide a more accurate picture of cardiovascular health than relying solely on BMI.
A recent study found that Tai Chi improves brain metabolism and muscle energetics in older adults. The exercise showed significant increases in neuronal health markers and improved energy production in leg muscles.
A new study from McMaster and York universities found structural and functional changes in the power generation parts of the cell, or mitochondria, of those with diabetes. These changes could result in reduced metabolism, greater difficulty controlling blood glucose and accelerated disability development.
A study has found structural and functional changes in muscles of young adults with Type 1 diabetes, leading to reduced metabolism and increased risk of disability.
A new study found structural and functional changes in the muscles of young adults with Type 1 diabetes, leading to reduced metabolism and greater difficulty controlling blood glucose levels. The study suggests revising exercise guidelines for those with Type 1 diabetes to prevent muscle damage.
The new muscles are made from carbon fiber-reinforced siloxane rubber and have a coiled geometry, lifting up to 12,600 times their own weight. They also support high mechanical stress and exhibit excellent performance when electrically actuated.
A new study found that microgravity during spaceflights has a more significant negative impact on skeletal muscle than low oxygen environments. Researchers suggest that therapeutic and rehabilitative interventions should focus on correcting inactivity rather than hypoxia.
A new study found that individuals with tetraplegia and sleep apnea have distinct responses to airway narrowing, leading to increased risk of sleep disruption. This knowledge can inform targeted therapies for those affected by the condition.
Researchers create StimDust, the smallest deep-tissue stimulator capable of stimulating major therapeutic targets in the peripheral nervous system. The device is powered wirelessly by ultrasound, with an efficiency of 82 percent, and can be implanted in minimally invasive procedures to monitor and treat diseases.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona found that removing the single mitochondrial protein Opa1 from mouse muscle causes severe inflammation throughout the body, leading to premature death. This study supports the notion that mitochondrial defects underlie diseases of unknown origin involving chronic muscle inflammation.
Resistance training increases autophagosome content in young men's muscles, but this effect may be reduced by aging. The study found that UPR is activated by resistance exercise regardless of age, suggesting similar muscle adaptation between young and older individuals.
New research shows that regular muscle stretching can improve blood flow to muscles of the lower leg in elderly people with reduced mobility. This non-invasive exercise technique may help alleviate lower leg problems, such as pain or weakness, and increase walking function in individuals with peripheral artery disease.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet reveals that enzyme FIH determines how muscles consume oxygen, with implications for elite athletes and potential new forms of metabolism-affecting drugs.
A researcher at the University of Pittsburgh is using ultrasound imaging to develop a more precise interface between exoskeletons and individual muscles in people with incomplete spinal cord injuries. This technology aims to provide more efficient rehabilitation tools, reducing the risk of falls during robot-assisted walking.
A randomized clinical trial found that higher protein intake did not increase lean body mass, muscle performance, or physical function in older men. The results suggest that the recommended daily allowance for protein may be sufficient for promoting muscle growth and well-being in this population.
Researchers at Wayne State University are investigating a potential new direction for treating Barth syndrome, a rare and life-threatening genetic disorder. The study aims to activate pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and/or supplement deficient metabolites to reveal a new treatment approach.
Johns Hopkins surgeons develop a modified muscle transplant operation that restores wide and even smiles to selected patients with one-sided facial muscle paralysis. The procedure, published in JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery, shows improvements in smile function, gum exposure, and eye wrinkles.
Researchers at MIT have found a compound that promotes new blood vessel growth, boosting endurance in elderly mice by up to 80 percent. The study suggests that this restoration of muscle mass could help combat age-related frailty and related conditions.
Replacing naturally occurring molecules could reverse symptoms of aging, potentially influencing exercise capacity and physical endurance. The study found that restoring blood flow to tissues and organs with age could be reversed by replicating the benefits of exercise.
Researchers discovered a glitch in muscle-blood vessel communication that causes vascular aging, which they reversed using NAD+ and SIRT1-boosting treatments. The findings have implications for therapies targeting humans with vascular aging disorders.
A new study found that dogs with noise sensitivity and musculoskeletal pain exhibit increased avoidance behaviors and a later age of onset compared to those without pain. The researchers suggest that veterinarians should thoroughly examine dogs with behavior problems associated with noise for potential underlying pain.
A new study found that a Mediterranean diet is associated with higher bone mineral density and greater muscle mass in postmenopausal women. The research, conducted in Brazil, used a food questionnaire and bone scans to measure bone mineral density and appendicular lean mass.
A new study uses brain-computer interface to enhance prosthetic hand control with muscle vibrations, allowing amputees to better control the prosthetic and regain a sense of agency over their movements. The technology has the potential to improve quality of life for those with amputations.
Researchers identified new genetic clues for enhanced racing pigeon performance through whole genome sequencing and gene expression analysis. They found a polygenic basis for the birds' adaptations, with key genes involved in athletic performance such as CASK, SIK1, and PTPRD.
Researchers found that aging muscle shows decreased sensitivity to ADP, resulting in higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and degenerative loss of muscle mass. Despite exercise resistance training, there were no improvements in age-associated cellular stress.
Researchers have discovered that muscle wasting in old age follows changes in the nervous system, which can be reversed with healthy muscles. The study found that surviving nerves can send out new branches to rescue detached muscle fibers, but this process is not successful in everyone.
A recent study published in PNAS found that disrupted mRNA transport into axons leads to impaired nerve function and cell death, exacerbating conditions like ALS and spinal muscular atrophy. The researchers identified a noncoding RNA, 7SK, as playing a crucial role in these transport complexes.
Researchers at Syracuse University are making progress in understanding the disease mechanism of ALS by studying ubiquitin and Ubiquilin-2 protein interactions. They found that ubiquitin eliminates droplets of UBQLN2, a protein-encoding gene linked to ALS and dementia.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that zebrafish larvae with a mutation in DDX27 showed reduced muscle growth and impaired regeneration. The study provides specificity to the processes controlling protein synthesis in muscles, which will hopefully allow for targeted treatments for skeletal muscle diseases.
Two US programs, Sportsmetrics and PEP, have been shown to significantly decrease non-contact ACL injury rates and alter dangerous neuromuscular movement patterns in female athletes. These programs improve muscle strength, reduce muscular imbalances, and decrease landing forces.
A study using worms has discovered the mechanisms involved when multicellular organisms die, particularly as a result of old age. The research found that death spreads through the organism via cellular necrosis, triggered by calcium release, leading to muscle hypercontraction and rigor mortis.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have identified ERRγ as a key player in delivering benefits associated with endurance exercise. By increasing ERRγ, they found that skeletal muscle energy production and endurance were restored, making it a potential therapeutic target for conditions such as muscular dystrophy.
Patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) who performed combined exercise showed greater increases in muscle mass and strength compared to those doing aerobic exercise alone. The study found that combining both modes of exercise led to significant health benefits, including increased cardiorespiratory fitness.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discover high number of mutations in muscle stem cells impairing cell regeneration, which may result in new medication for building stronger muscles. The study found that physical exercise could clear out cells with many mutations.
Researchers at UBC's Okanagan campus create ultra-stretchable sensor with high sensitivity and durability, suitable for monitoring muscle movement, heart rate, and other bio-signals. The device is capable of sensing and understanding complex human motion, including infinitesimal movements like a heartbeat or finger twitch.
Research reveals that high blood pressure impairs the body's response to hypoxia, limiting oxygen delivery to vital organs and tissues. Middle-aged men with high blood pressure were found to have reduced blood flow to the brain and leg muscles during low-oxygen conditions.
Researchers discovered that cuttlefish can maintain dynamic 3D skin shape for over an hour through a unique muscle tension mechanism. This physiology is thought to conserve energy while camouflaging from predators or waiting for prey.
A study by University of Cambridge biological anthropologists reveals that muscle mass is key to regulating heat loss from the hands in cold conditions. Volunteers with higher muscle mass experienced faster rewarming of their hands after exposure to ice-cold water.
A study published in PLOS ONE has identified two new muscles in the horseshoe crab's pushing leg and male pedipalp using CT scans, expanding our understanding of this iconic creature's anatomy.
Engineers at Iowa State University created a new smart material that stiffens by up to 300% when mechanically stressed, supporting 50 times its own weight. The material is made from liquid-metal particles that break open under stress, allowing it to reconfigure and change stiffness.
Researchers discovered that certain species of fish, like the little skate, can walk using a neural and genetic developmental program identical to higher vertebrates. The study found conserved genes and neuronal subtypes essential for limb control in these fin-based movement systems.
Research finds TAK1 is essential for maintaining muscle mass and mitochondrial function in mature skeletal muscle. Removing or reducing TAK1 has negative effects on muscle health, contradicting previous assumptions.
New research reveals that larger hummingbirds can compensate for their greater body masses by adapting their physiology. The study found that acceleration is primarily driven by muscle capacity, while wing size plays a key role in maneuverability.
A new study found that hummingbirds' muscle capacity is associated with better deacceleration, accelerating on a dime, and upward rotations. Wing loading was also linked to rotational movement and turns in general, suggesting that evolved changes in muscle capacity may compensate for relatively small wing size.
A 3-day bed rest study is being conducted to investigate the effects of prolonged weightlessness on human metabolism, specifically insulin resistance. The study's findings could lead to the development of rehabilitation exercises to mitigate these effects and improve astronaut fitness for future Mars missions.
A new analysis of dozens of studies confirms protein supplements boost muscle mass and strength in weightlifters. However, their effectiveness decreases with age, highlighting the need for greater supplementation as people get older.
A new study published in Cell Reports reveals the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN) is crucial for maintaining balance in mice. The LVN triggers a two-step response to keep the animal steady, widening its center of gravity and strengthening limb muscles and joints.
A study published in The Journal of Pediatrics reports the use of pyridostigmine to reverse complications from botulinum toxin therapy in pediatric patients. Early treatment with pyridostigmine can alleviate symptoms such as difficulty swallowing or breathing, and patients may regain normal function within days.
US women's perceptions of the perfect female figure have evolved to a thin and toned ideal, according to a recent study led by Frances Bozsik. The research found that recent Miss USA winners are no longer only exemplifying extreme thinness, but also becoming increasingly muscular over the past 15 years.
Researchers provide foundational understanding of myostatin activation mechanism, shedding light on tolloid enzyme's role in generating active myostatin. The study's findings hold promise for developing novel therapies targeting specific structural states of myostatin.
A UTA researcher has received a $441,000 NIH grant to build new imaging technology that can study blood vessel function in patients with heart failure. This device will use laser light to track oxygen delivery and utilization in muscles, potentially leading to quicker diagnosis and life-saving treatment for these patients.
A study published in HortTechnology has found that bad posture can increase loads by 50% on the lower back and double on the shoulders, leaving people susceptible to chronic injuries. The researchers used 3D optical tracking equipment to analyze the movement of gardeners undertaking routine tasks.
A team of researchers at the University of Cincinnati has discovered how myostatin, a signaling protein limiting muscle growth, is activated. This knowledge could lead to new treatments for diseases like muscular dystrophy, ALS, and cancer cachexia.
A study published in European Journal of Nutrition found that dietary isoflavone aglycone can reduce muscle atrophy by blocking the apoptosis-dependent pathway in muscle fibers. The researchers observed significantly thicker muscle fibers in mice fed with AglyMax supplement compared to those on a normal diet.
Researchers have developed a simplified musculoskeletal model that uses network science to predict how injuries in one area of the body can lead to increased strain on other areas. The model could help clinicians and physical therapists develop new treatments for injury prevention and management.
Research published in The Journal of Physiology found that elderly people walk at a slower speed and tire more quickly due to muscle loss. Building up leg muscles may be the only way to improve elderly walking, according to the study's findings.
Researchers discovered snakes use unique skin movement to propel themselves forward in a straight line. This rectilinear locomotion gives them an advantage in confined spaces and could inform robotics for search-and-rescue operations and underwater inspections.
A Penn-led team discovered that midshipman fish release small amounts of calcium to sustain their muscle contractions for an hour, allowing them to produce a sustained hum. This finding sheds light on the physiology behind this extraordinary ability and may apply to other animals moving at high speeds.
Duke researchers successfully grew functioning human skeletal muscle from induced pluripotent stem cells, offering a promising path for cellular therapies, drug discovery, and studying rare diseases. The technique allows for the growth of far more muscle cells and provides an easier route to genome editing and individualized models.