Articles tagged with Regulatory T Cells
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Glioblastomas, the deadliest brain cancer, have evaded immune cells by promoting immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Researchers identified S100A4 as a key molecule that can selectively target these immune suppressive cells. This discovery paves the way for new therapeutic strategies to restore antitumor action in glioblastoma patients.
A study found that excessive sugar consumption can promote inflammation and autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn's disease and type 1 diabetes. Researchers identified GLUT3, a glucose transporter, as a key player in this process, and proposed blocking its activity to mitigate inflammatory responses.
A new study found that follicular T cells help balance out antibody diversity and affinity after COVID-19 vaccination. Deleting specific cell types altered the immune response, providing insights into strategies to enhance vaccine effectiveness later in life.
A new study from the La Jolla Institute for Immunology reveals that two groups of regulatory CD4+ T cells develop at different times to combat acute inflammation. The early Tregs reduce autoimmune damage, while the second wave shuts down the entire immune response to signal infection clearance.
Paczesny will explore biomarkers and a new type of immune cell to identify and regulate acute lung injury after BMT. She aims to improve understanding of signaling mechanisms in lung injury after BMT, particularly as they relate to idiopathic pneumonia syndrome.
Four MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researchers received American Cancer Society Institutional Research Grants worth $35,000 each. The grants support promising projects that aim to push cancer care forward. Researchers are working on various innovative projects, including a digital literacy training program for community health workers an...
Scientists have identified the transcription factor Blimp1 as a new critical regulator of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells. Disrupting Blimp1 in these cells remodels the tumor microenvironment and augments the response to immunotherapy, promoting improved tumor control and anti-tumor immunity.
A recent review article describes a class of viruses known as oncolytic viruses, which have the remarkable ability to target and destroy cancer cells. Researchers are exploring these viruses for cancer therapy, with some showing promising results in stimulating an immune response against cancer.
A researcher at MUSC's Hollings Cancer Center is developing 'living drugs' by precision-engineering CAR Tregs to treat autoimmune diseases. The CAR Tregs can delay or reduce damaging inflammation, offering a potential solution for conditions like Type 1 diabetes.
Scientists have reversed new-onset type 1 diabetes in mice by injecting pyramid-like DNA molecules called tFNAs, which increased regulatory T cells and protected pancreatic β-cells. The treatment is one of the most promising candidates for type 1 diabetes immunotherapy.
Researchers comprehensively review T-cell responses to respiratory viral infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), highlighting key characteristics of peptide-reactive T-cells. The review aims to improve understanding of the underlying mechanisms, leading to more effective immune protection and treatment methods.
Researchers identified genes and cell types involved in rare inflammatory disease MIS-C in children following COVID-19 infection. The study found that specific immune cells are downregulated and associated with a sustained inflammatory response.
Scientists investigated a method to enhance immunotherapy for lung cancer and found that combining it with certain chemotherapy drugs could eliminate harmful immune cells. This approach showed promising results in preclinical studies, inducing the regression of about 70% of tumors.
Researchers identified molecular markers to purify unstable regulatory T cells, which can switch from protective to damaging function. Exposing these cells to a destabilizing environment also removes the unstable cells, leaving behind stable regulatory T cells for therapeutic use.
A recent UCI-led study reveals that cancer immunotherapy can trigger both favorable and unfavorable immune effects, with T regulatory cells playing a key role in limiting tumor control. The study found that CTLA-4 blockage activates these cells, decreasing the efficacy of immunotherapy and potentially leading to fatal autoimmunity.
Researchers at the University of Münster discovered that platelet-white blood cell interactions resolve lung inflammation by secreting anti-inflammatory substances and eliminating excess neutrophil granulocytes. This finding has implications for developing new therapy concepts to combat acute respiratory failure.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered a mechanism that tumors use to switch on protective regulatory T cells, raising the potential for drug treatments that render tumors more vulnerable to cancer immunotherapy. The researchers showed that blocking tumor-associated regulatory T cell activity eliminated tu...
Scientists developed a rodent model to understand and identify young pregnant women who have previously suffered kidney injuries, which can lead to complications such as preeclampsia and low birthweight. The model suggests that even years after the injury, some women may still experience renal insufficiency during pregnancy.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified how metabolic signaling pathways influence key immune cells, including eTreg cells. Understanding this regulation may aid in developing more specific drugs to target these pathways and treat diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer.
Scientists have discovered that tiny point mutations in a gene can modify T cells to be less aggressive, leading to reduced inflammation and autoimmune responses. This finding has potential implications for stem cell transplantation, where T-cell transfusion is used to prevent severe side effects.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have mapped the genetic networks that control regulatory T cells, which act as a brake to suppress immune reactions. The findings could lead to therapies that strengthen or weaken the function of these cells to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers identified a group of cells regulating T lymphocyte development, preventing leukemia. Cell competition in the thymus is crucial for immune system development and cancer prevention.
Scientists at Salk Institute have identified a key gene that modifies regulatory T cells, fine-tuning the immune response. By controlling these cells, they may be able to treat both cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers studied SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 11,066 patients, finding they associate with clinical severity and provide valuable diagnostic support. Obesity is associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes in NYC cohort of 1,687 persons hospitalized with confirmed cases.
Indoximod increases T cell proliferation by modulating CD4+ T cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and reactivating mTOR. It also downregulates IDO protein expression in dendritic cells, opposing the immunosuppressive effects of IDO and TDO.
A new study has shed light on the development of tissue resident surveillance cells, a type of T-cell that protects against external invaders. The research found that regulatory T-cells play a crucial role in generating these cells by promoting the local availability of specific molecules, such as TGF-beta.
Researchers at Luxembourg Institute of Health discovered a mechanism to control regulatory T cells, which can either trigger autoimmune diseases or boost anti-cancer responses. A specially designed diet with reduced serine and glycine levels suppressed severe autoimmunity in mice.
Researchers have developed a novel method to induce regulatory T-cells from mesenchymal stromal cells, which could lead to new treatments for various chronic inflammatory diseases. The study found that MSCs can produce an abundant replacement for naturally occurring T-cells, increasing the count and frequency of Treg-like cells.
Researchers found that manipulating cellular metabolism can modulate the balance between pathogenic Th17 and regulatory T cells in chronic autoimmune disorders. A mouse model showed that inhibition of mitochondrial OXPHOS delays disease onset and reduces severity, promoting the generation of suppressive Treg cells.
Researchers deciphered a mechanism impairing regulatory T cell differentiation and stability in type 1 diabetes. Inhibiting the miRNA142-3p molecule increased functional Tregs and reduced autoimmune activation.
St. Jude researchers have identified key biological switches controlling regulatory T cells, which can be boosted or suppressed for cancer and autoimmune disorder treatment. The study reveals the critical role of enzymes Rag and Rheb in activating these cells, offering new avenues for immunotherapy against cancers.
Researchers have identified a new lipid signaling pathway that regulates T cell function and differentiation, leading to improved T cell-mediated immunotherapy against cancer cells. By depleting SphK1, the pathway inhibits Treg differentiation and promotes a Tcm phenotype, reducing tumor size and mortality in preclinical models.
Researchers at Toho University found that mice lacking JunB develop severe autoimmune disorders due to reduced Treg cell number. Injecting high doses of IL-2 can mitigate colitis by expanding Treg cells, suggesting a potential novel strategy for treating inflammatory diseases.
Scientists at DZNE and University of Bonn found that regulatory T cells use the protein HPGD to suppress inflammation in adipose tissue, preventing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. HPGD also showed a correlation with reduced levels in patients with diabetes.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet mapped immune system targets in patients with rare IPEX disease, revealing that regulatory T cells control gut-related immunotolerance. The study provides insights into the role of these cells in preventing autoimmune diseases.
A combination of HDAC inhibitor entinostat and pembrolizumab showed clinical responses in patients with melanoma that had progressed on prior anti-PD-1 treatment. The study suggests that adding HDAC inhibition to anti-PD-1 therapy may increase the efficacy of immunotherapy by modulating the immune system.
A team of scientists discovered that Blimp1 prevents the loss of identity in regulatory T cells, a type of immune cell that controls inflammation. This finding has implications for therapies against inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and arthritis.
A new discovery by Professor Graham Lord and his team at the University of Manchester reveals a crucial molecular pathway regulated by microRNA-142, which controls Regulatory T cells. This finding has significant implications for treating autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer.
A study published in Immunity reveals that T regulatory cells have tissue-specific receptors and adaptations to localize themselves in specific tissues. This discovery could lead to the development of targeted therapies for autoimmune diseases by manipulating therapeutic T cells to specific locations in the body.
Newly discovered regulatory proteins differ significantly from mouse immune cells, offering new possibilities for treating immune-mediated diseases like multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Human T cell regulation has special characteristics that require further study to advance translational research.
Scientists have created a retroviral CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing library to explore the regulation of mouse T cells, mapping the most important genes for controlling T helper cells and identifying several new regulatory genes. This could help develop new treatments to activate the immune system.
Researchers have created a method for modifying blood stem cells to reverse the genetic mutation that causes IPEX, a life-threatening autoimmune syndrome. The approach adds a normal copy of the FoxP3 gene to blood stem cells, restoring proper immune regulation and eliminating symptoms in mice.
Researchers discovered that regulatory T-cells can inhibit the activity of telomerase in effector lymphocytes, causing telomere loss and cell death. This mechanism, based on physiological ageing of immune cells, has potential for treating autoimmune diseases and preventing implant rejection.
A novel epigenetic diagnostic approach enables early detection of primary immune deficiencies in newborns, including Severe Combined Immunodeficiencies and X-linked agammaglobulinemia. The technology also shows promise for improving HIV treatment in low-resource countries by accurately monitoring immune cell counts on dried blood samples.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center discovered that inhibiting the Yes-associated protein (YAP) reduces tumor burdens and enhances the effectiveness of immunotherapy treatments. YAP plays a role in suppressing antitumor immunity by regulatory T-cells, which can dampen immune responses to tumors.
AEP enhances checkpoint inhibitor drug effects on cancer cells and autoimmune diseases; measuring AEP levels may help identify patients responding to treatment with PD-1 inhibitors.
Researchers from Turku Centre for Biotechnology and Aalto University used label-free quantitative proteomics to identify over 4000 proteins expressed in Th17 and iTreg cells. The study, published in PLoS Biology, reveals protein expression changes that may be targeted in immunotherapy for diseases like cancer and autoimmunity.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that a combination of ipilimumab and CPI-1205 enhances T cell responses, tumor rejection, and survival in cancer patients. Elevated EZH2 levels in T cells suppress immune activity, but inhibition of EZH2 improves effector T cell function.
Research reveals estrogen receptor alpha influences T cell activation, proliferation and survival in autoimmune diseases, including MS, RA, and SLE. Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in preventing autoimmune diseases, and the study identifies potential targets for novel treatments.
A study in mice suggests that protective immune cells forming outside the thymus may defend against autoimmune diabetes. Gut microbes affecting this cell population may also protect against disease.
A high-fat, high-cholesterol Western diet reprograms protective immune cells called regulatory T cells into follicular helper T cells that promote inflammation and atherosclerosis. HDL 'good cholesterol' helps shield these protective cells from this transformation.
A new regulator of the immune system has been identified by a Finnish research group, with potential implications for treating both cancer and immune-mediated diseases. HIC1 protein controls the expression of genes contributing to T cell function and regulates immune response.
A recent study by KAIST medical scientists reveals that regulatory T cells undergo inflammatory changes in patients with viral hepatitis, leading to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines called TNF. This discovery could pave the way for the development of new clinical treatments for severe viral hepatitis.
Researchers at Seattle Children's are exploring therapies that reprogram T cells to calm down an overactive immune response, which may hold promise for curing type 1 diabetes. The goal is to develop a treatment that could protect new patients from the life-long requirement for insulin therapy.
A new study by the University of Bonn has identified a way to enhance the impact of killer T cells in fighting cancer. By blocking a protein called IKKβ, researchers were able to increase the effectiveness of killer T cells against tumor cells.
Researchers discovered ILCregs, a regulatory subpopulation of innate lymphoid cells, that suppress intestinal inflammation by secreting IL-10 and TGF-β1. This unique population has a distinct genetic identity from other immune cells and may hold potential for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
Researchers found that loss of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) in regulatory T cells disrupts cell metabolism and function, leading to functional exhaustion. This may contribute to allergic reactions and autoimmune disorders like asthma, multiple sclerosis, and lupus.
A new study reveals that regulatory T cells can either suppress or reactivate latent cytomegalovirus in different mouse tissues, such as the spleen and salivary gland. Depletion of these immune cells reduced viral load in the spleen but increased it in the salivary gland.
The Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics presents novel therapeutic approaches for treating uveitis, including cyclosporine, topical ganciclovir, and regulatory T cell therapy. These advances aim to improve treatment outcomes and quality of life for patients with autoimmune uveitis.
Dendritic cells, which help activate and suppress immune responses, play a key role in maintaining the balance between self and non-self in the gut. The discovery of a signaling molecule, CD40, reveals how this balance can be disrupted, leading to severe colitis, but also highlights the importance of regulatory T-cells in maintaining i...