Articles tagged with Gamma Radiation
The US Naval Research Laboratory has launched the Glowbug-2 instrument to identify and localize cataclysmic cosmic events known as short gamma-ray bursts (GRB). The mission provides essential data for multi-messenger astrophysics, serving as a critical electromagnetic counterpart to ground-based gravitational wave observatories.
Researchers successfully decoded the polarization cipher of light using high-energy electrons, confirming a key prediction of quantum electrodynamics. The study's findings offer a new pathway toward creating highly polarized, high-brightness gamma-ray sources.
A team of physicists identified the dominant mechanism responsible for energy release in molybdenum-93m using high-precision experiments. Inelastic nuclear scattering is confirmed to be the primary driver of isomer depletion under experimental conditions, contradicting previous hypotheses about nuclear excitation by electron capture.
Researchers at QST discovered that controlled gamma-ray mutagenesis can create heat-tolerant nitrogen-fixing bacteria in weeks, shortening development timelines. The method produces robust, climate-ready microbial products for agriculture, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel production.
Researchers revive dark matter as a serious contender for explaining the Milky Way's central glow, proposing a more complex and nonspherical dark matter structure. Advanced simulations reveal that dark matter may still be the best explanation for the excess of high-energy radiation observed by NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.
Physicians rely on nuclear medicine scans to watch the heart pump, track blood flow and detect diseases. The new perovskite-based detector can capture individual gamma rays with record-breaking precision, leading to sharper, faster, cheaper and safer scans.
Researchers have discovered that urban areas experience a greater difference in wet bulb globe temperature between 0.5 m and 1.5 m above ground due to surface heat radiation, posing health risks to children and pets during extreme heat events. Total solar eclipses also alter atmospheric conditions and insect behavior, with some species...
Researchers discovered that magnetar flares can produce the universe's heaviest elements, including gold and platinum. The discovery resolves a decades-long mystery concerning a bright flash of light and particles spotted by a space telescope in 2004.
Researchers enhance organic scintillators' light yield by introducing charge-separated state traps, achieving higher LY than traditional inorganic scintillators. The resulting scintillator displays a super-long afterglow for 7 hours, enabling new non-destructive testing methods.
Researchers have acquired direct evidence of rare, pulsing pear-shaped structures in the nucleus of Gadolinium-150, a long-lived radioactive isotope. The study provides definitive proof of a strong collective 'octupole excitation' and opens a new window into the quantum world.
Researchers at Waseda University develop a new imaging technique that uses neutron activation to transform gold nanoparticles into radioisotopes, enabling long-term tracking of their movement in the body. This breakthrough could lead to more effective cancer treatments and precision monitoring of drug distribution.
Researchers have developed a battery that can harness ambient gamma radiation to produce strong electric outputs, enabling potential applications in space exploration and sensors. The prototype demonstrated a peak power output of 288 nanowatts using cesium-137 and 1.5 microwatts with cobalt-60.
A new smart window technology combines liquid crystals with nanoporous microparticles and a patterned vanadium dioxide layer to simultaneously control visible light and infrared radiation. The device offers fast, efficient heat and visibility management, marking a significant step forward in energy-efficient building design.
Research finds that gamma radiation can convert methane into glycine and other complex molecules, potentially playing a role in the origin of life. The study also reveals new strategies for industrial conversion of methane under mild conditions.
Researchers at UCLA developed a new type of imaging technology that forms images in only one direction, enabling efficient and compact methods for asymmetric visual information processing and communication. The technology works exceptionally well under partially coherent light, achieving high-quality imaging with high power efficiency.
Researchers using NASA airborne platforms have found a new kind of gamma-ray emission, dubbed flickering gamma-ray flashes, that fills in the missing link between steady glows and brief bursts. These discoveries provide new insights into thundercloud radiation and mechanisms that produce lightning.
Researchers have discovered Flickering Gamma-Ray Flashes (FGFs), a phenomenon that could be the missing link between Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes and gamma-ray glows. Studies reveal dynamic gamma-ray emissions in tropical thunderclouds, challenging previous assumptions about these events.
Researchers used a retrofitted U2 spy plane to detect gamma radiation in large tropical thunderstorms. Over 9 of 10 flights yielded observations, suggesting more than half of all thunderstorms in the tropics are radioactive.
Astronomers have recorded hundreds of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in a massive global effort that rivals the 250-year-old Messier catalogue. The collection includes 64,813 photometric observations and showcases collaborative research across nations.
Pre-clinical trials show that targeted alpha radiation therapy can increase survival rates by up to 36.4% and has minimal adverse effects for patients. Researchers hope this new approach could improve current average survival rates beyond 18 months.
A new study reveals that a type of desert moss called Syntrichia caninervis has the potential to grow on Mars due to its ability to tolerate extreme temperatures, radiation, and dehydration. The researchers tested the moss's resilience in various conditions and found it to be one of the most radiation-tolerant organisms known.
Researchers have developed a method to coherently tile multiple titanium:sapphire crystals together, breaking through the current 10-petawatt limit. This technology enables ultra-intense ultrashort lasers with high conversion efficiencies, stable energies, and broadband spectra.
A novel transparent spectral converter, GdPO4-GC:Eu3+/Pr3+, absorbs UV photons and re-emits them as visible light, increasing photovoltaic devices' conversion efficiency. This technology shields PCs from UV damage and enhances their sensitivity to UV photons.
Researchers using H.E.S.S. observatory in Namibia have detected the highest energy gamma rays ever from a dead star called a pulsar, with energies reaching up to 20 tera-electronvolts. This observation challenges our previous knowledge of pulsars and requires a rethinking of how these natural accelerators work.
Scientists have developed a nonrelativistic and nonmagnetic mechanism for generating terahertz waves, harnessing the electrical anisotropy of two conductive oxides. This approach produces signals comparable to commercial terahertz sources and offers a high terahertz conversion efficiency.
Scientists have developed a new method to measure moderately saturated sources of the Ultra-Violet Optical Telescope onboard the Swift satellite. GRB 220101A is the most energetic ultraviolet/optical flare ever detected, with a luminosity approximately 400 quadrillion times that of the Sun.
Scientists observe a bright optical emission after the most powerful gamma-ray burst documented, providing detailed data on radiation across various wavebands. The study reveals that luminous phenomenon arises from high-energy charged particles in a rarefied medium with a powerful magnetic field.
KAUST researchers have designed and built novel organic scintillator materials for detecting X-rays at low doses, overcoming stability issues with existing ceramic or perovskite materials. The new approach uses heavy atoms to improve X-ray absorption capability and exciton utilization efficiency.
Scientists have developed a new method to enhance electron-photon coupling, resulting in a hundredfold increase in light emissions. The approach uses a specially designed photonic crystal to produce stronger interactions between photons and electrons.
Researchers at the University of Turku discovered that hackmanite changes color when exposed to nuclear radiation, retaining a memory trace that allows it to be reused. This unique property enables the development of reusable radiochromic films for measuring radiation doses and mapping dose distribution.
A team of researchers has discovered that gamma-ray radiation from the Sagittarius Dwarf galaxy can be explained by millisecond pulsars, ruling out dark matter annihilation as a possible explanation. The study reveals that these stellar objects are efficient accelerators of high-energy electrons and positrons.
Researchers have developed a single-cell PV design integrated with nonreciprocal optical components to provide 100-percent reuse of emitted radiation, breaking the Shockley–Queisser limit. This breakthrough enables a quasimonochromatic radiation converter to reach the theoretically maximum Carnot efficiency.
Researchers developed efficient metal-free polymeric scintillators for high-resolution X-ray imaging, outperforming conventional anthracene-based scintillators. The polymers exhibit multicolor radioluminescence and high photostability, enabling applications in radiation detection, medical diagnosis, and security inspection.
Researchers at Ural Federal University improved the composition of borate glasses by adding heavy metal oxides, significantly increasing their density. The new glass samples showed good results as radiation shielding material in low and medium energy gamma radiation.
The new technology streamlines creation of radiation treatment plans for brain tumors and other diseases, reducing time from 1.5-3 hours to just one minute while maintaining accuracy. This frees medical professionals to focus on patient care and improving outcomes.
Researchers have created an optical switch that can direct high-frequency gamma radiation by switching the acoustic field. This effect demonstrates controlled transparency of a resonant medium for gamma radiation, which may be useful for controlling generated radiation in modern synchrotron sources and X-ray lasers.
Researchers confirmed the need to include three-nucleon interactions in electromagnetic transitions, using state-of-the-art gamma-ray detectors and femtosecond lifetimes measurements. The experiment found significant differences in lifetime predictions between two-body and three-body nuclear interactions.
Researchers found that terahertz radiation can disrupt protein filaments in both aqueous solutions and living cells, but does not kill the cells. This discovery has implications for potential applications in cancer treatment, as well as safety concerns.
An international team of researchers has successfully detected a gamma-ray burst in very-high-energy gamma light, challenging current understanding of these phenomena. The detection was made using the H.E.S.S. telescope and reveals the presence of extremely accelerated particles that exist long after the explosion.
Scientists developed record-high radiation stable organic solar cells that retained over 80% efficiency after exposure to 6,500 Gy of gamma rays. The breakthrough enables space applications for the light-weight and flexible solar cells.
Researchers at NIST discovered that oxide-coated silicon photonic devices can withstand up to 1 million gray of radiation exposure, making them suitable for measuring radiation dose in medical and industrial applications. This breakthrough could lead to the development of precise radiation sensors for medical imaging and therapy.
By exposing plastic flakes to gamma radiation, researchers can create stronger, more flexible concrete structures. This innovative approach could reduce cement industry's carbon footprint and divert plastic waste from landfills.
A team of scientists from the Lomonosov Moscow State University has successfully detected polarization of intrinsic optical radiation of a gamma-ray burst, providing evidence of a powerful magnetic field around a rapidly rotating black hole. This achievement marks a major breakthrough in understanding these cosmic events.
The study found that low-intensity gamma radiation is only destructive and has a linear correlation in dose-effect coordinates. The duration of exposure is more significant than the absorbed dose in terms of toxic effect on organisms.
Researchers measured gamma radiation emitted by common household items in a North Carolina home, revealing surprising levels of radiation from everyday objects. The study aims to help people understand news stories about radiation and prevent panic by placing radiation readings into perspective.
Researchers at University of Warsaw develop new particle detector to study stellar oxygen formation, with ELI-NP facility set to launch in 2018. The eTPC detector will observe collisions between high-energy photons and oxygen nuclei to fine-tune theoretical models of thermonuclear synthesis.
Scientists create 'Prompt Gamma Timing' method using just one detector to measure time span between beam entry and gamma radiation hit, allowing real-time adjustment of radiation parameters. Initial tests show significant improvement in accuracy compared to existing methods.
Astronomers have observed a super-bright supernova associated with an ultra-long-lasting gamma-ray burst, lasting over half an hour. The supernova was 15 times brighter than usual, suggesting a massive star release of extra energy in its death process.
Researchers have localized the origin of high-energy gamma radiation in a jet emanating from a distant supermassive black hole. The discovery was made possible by a micro-gravitational lens effect that selectively amplifies light from different regions close to the event horizon.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have found that gamma and neutron imaging are safe for use in diagnostics, delivering radiation doses comparable to conventional medical imaging. The study aims to develop new imaging technologies to detect disease in its earliest stages.
A study by Beaumont Health System found Gamma Knife treatment provides acceptable relief for those with severe facial pain caused by TN. Patients treated with Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery reported reduced discomfort and resumed daily activities without pain.
Researchers have developed a new hybrid detector that can monitor alpha, beta, and gamma radiation simultaneously. The device uses three scintillators to distinguish between the different types of radiation, allowing it to provide accurate counts for all three simultaneously.
Researchers at Harvard University discovered that bdelloid rotifers are extremely resistant to ionizing radiation, surviving doses much higher than other animal species can tolerate. The findings could lead to new research into the role of free radicals in inflammation, cancer, and aging.
Physicists at UCR have created molecular positronium, which could help develop gamma-ray lasers and explain the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance. The research uses silica to trap positronium atoms, allowing them to form molecules that can interact with each other.
Researchers at UCR create stable positronium molecules by combining positrons with electrons, paving the way for studying antimatter properties. This breakthrough uses a magnetic bottle to prolong positron life and accumulate millions of atoms, enabling collisions that produce gamma radiation.
A dosimeter, a portable device, detects gamma rays and neutrons to ensure workplace safety in nuclear power plants and research labs. It uses lithium isotopes to measure neutron particles and has been recognized as one of the 100 most significant technological achievements for the year 2000.
After a 13-year study, researchers found no significant increase in cancer mortality among TMI residents. Initial results showed higher mortality from heart disease, but these were largely attributed to smoking habits and education levels.
The Comprehensive Cancer Center at Cedars-Sinai has begun treating patients with a next-generation radiation therapy system that allows physicians to deliver precise, three-dimensional radiation treatments. This technology enables the delivery of full doses of radiation to tumors while protecting surrounding normal tissues.
Researchers found that common soil minerals can work with ionizing radiation to break down toxic chlorinated chemicals into simpler compounds. However, this process may produce volatile gases, posing a risk of explosion at storage tanks like Hanford's.