Research on adult health and behavior. Covers suicide risk, regulated psilocybin, alcohol and cannabis use, and family and life choices.
A study found that starting stimulant medications via telehealth increases substance use disorder (SUD) risk, particularly among young adults aged 26-34. Ongoing screening and monitoring are crucial to mitigate this risk.
Research by University of Zurich reveals African young adults prioritize communal values over individual exploration in transition to adulthood. Education and family support are key factors in achieving full adult status, as seen in the study on Ovambo people of Namibia.
A cohort study found no significant association between preoperative GLP-1 RA use and short-term postoperative aspiration pneumonia. The study suggests reassessing preoperative withholding guidelines for GLP-1 RAs. Researchers hope this finding can help alleviate growing concerns about adverse effects of these medications after surgery.
Higher perceived discrimination is associated with delayed health care due to nervousness, particularly among younger adults and racial and ethnic minority groups. Better patient-clinician communication can reduce these delays.
A report by the University of Auckland highlights that six out of ten people globally lack safe medical oxygen access, resulting in hundreds of thousands of preventable deaths. The lack of access is particularly severe in low and middle-income countries, with five billion people affected.
A recent study found that COVID-19 pandemic increased SNAP benefits reduced racial and ethnic disparities in food insecurity. However, non-SNAP participants experienced no decline in food insecurity, highlighting persistent gaps in nutrition support for this vulnerable population.
A cohort study of 46,000 US residents found nearly two-thirds had suboptimal 5-year sleep duration trajectories, associated with increased risk of mortality. Maintaining healthy sleep duration is crucial for reducing mortality risk in this population.
The study found that the prevalence of adults with diabetes did not significantly change between 2013 and 2023. However, glycemic control among those with diagnosed disease worsened, particularly among young adults. This trend is concerning due to its potential impact on lifetime risk of cardiovascular events.
The article presents guidelines for designing consent materials and procedures for autistic adults and people with intellectual disability, highlighting the importance of multiple modes to deliver content. These guidelines aim to improve accessibility and respectfulness in research with individuals on the autism spectrum.
A new Emory University study reveals that childhood trauma can physically alter the hearts of Black women, leading to worse vascular function and a higher risk of heart disease. Women are more vulnerable to this effect due to different forms of trauma exposure.
Researchers found that negative early life experiences can lead to delayed brain development in adolescents, increasing vulnerability to mental health disorders. The study suggests brain connectivity rather than cognitive control behavior is a stronger predictor of future substance use.
A study of Viking skulls using CT scans reveals a range of diseases including sinus and ear infections, osteoarthritis, and dental diseases. The results provide greater understanding of the health and wellbeing of the Viking population.
A new study in mice found that young adults are more susceptible to nicotine addiction than middle-aged adults, with a greater acute response to nicotine. The effects of nicotine on the body change over the lifespan, affecting how medications and other chemicals are processed.
A representative study of adults experiencing homelessness in California found a high proportion of current drug use and unmet need for treatment. Improving access to treatment tailored to their needs could improve outcomes.
The study found disparities in tobacco use across cumulative disabilities, with those having 3 or more disabilities experiencing worsening use trends. Targeted prevention and cessation efforts are needed to address these disparities.
A new clinical trial will evaluate whether adding ketamine to standard treatment can improve outcomes for patients suffering from status epilepticus. The trial, called KESETT, hopes to determine whether ketamine can terminate the seizures in more patients than current treatments.
Research published in PLOS Medicine found that adults with depression accrue physical illnesses around 30% faster than those without. The study suggests integrated approaches to manage mental and physical health are needed to improve care and outcomes for individuals with both conditions.
Small increases were observed in childhood obesity rates and severe obesity among US adults between 2013 and 2023. The study found no significant changes in waist circumference or other obesity-related measures during this period.
A large cohort study found that ADHD prevalence among adults with autism is nearly identical to childhood rates, highlighting the need for coordinated care services. Adults with co-occurring ADHD experienced worse health outcomes, but medication was associated with better results.
A new study published in the American Heart Association's Hypertension Journal highlights distinct blood pressure patterns among East and South Asian adults living in the UK. Researchers found that South Asian adults face high blood pressure-related heart risks earlier in life, while East Asian adults see risks rise in later years.
A new review paper published in Addiction found 'very low-certainty evidence' to support the claim that nicotine vaping causes young people to start smoking. However, the study also suggests that vaping may contribute to declines in youth smoking rates, particularly in the US.
A new national study suggests that depression rates among older people in England remain slightly higher than pre-COVID, while overall happiness and life satisfaction have improved significantly since the pandemic. This finding highlights the need for policies addressing immediate and lingering effects of the pandemic on mental health.
A pilot study will explore whether a ketogenic diet helps stabilize mood symptoms in teens and young adults with bipolar disorder. Preliminary research suggests improvements in mood and executive function among older adults.
A study at Florida Atlantic University reveals a correlation between commuter students' mental health status and increased risk of being involved in a crash while driving. Researchers found that students with anxiety or depression may be more likely to be distracted or exhausted, impairing their ability to focus on the road.
Researchers identified inequities related to race and rurality in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and adverse outcomes. Structural racism and disinvestment in rural communities may be linked to individual HAI risk and post-HAI outcomes.
A cohort study found that patients without type 2 diabetes had higher discontinuation rates and lower reinitiation rates of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. Inequities in access and adherence to effective treatments exacerbate disparities in obesity.
Early adult mortality in the US is higher than expected after the COVID-19 pandemic, with researchers finding a sharp rise in death rates among adults aged 25-44. The study highlights the need for comprehensive policies to address structural factors driving worsening health among young adults.
Mortality trends among US adults ages 25-44 have increased significantly between 2011 and 2023, with excess mortality remaining higher than expected post-pandemic. Drug poisoning was a major contributor to the largest portion of 2023 excess mortality.
Research highlights three vulnerable populations: racial and ethnic minorities, financially insecure individuals, and those with chronic health conditions. Depression is a significant factor in social isolation among these groups.
A Texas A&M University researcher found that reducing alcohol consumption aligns with a harm reduction approach, which may be a more feasible approach for high-risk college drinkers. The study surveyed 822 high-risk college students and analyzed their intention to reduce drinking using the Theory of Planned Behavior.
A Mediterranean-style diet was associated with improved brain health in Hispanic/Latino adults, showing enhanced communication between brain regions and reduced white matter atrophy. The study used specialized imaging techniques to investigate the effects of diet on brain integrity.
A cross-sectional study found that TV football game food ads are often high in sodium, calories, and fat content. This can pose a risk to adults with pre-existing heart conditions, who may be vulnerable to dietary deviations due to frequent exposure to advertising.
A new survey from the American Heart Association reveals an increase in confidence among U.S. adults to perform lifesaving CPR during cardiac emergencies. The Nation of Lifesavers movement has contributed to this growth, with more people feeling prepared to respond in such situations.
A study of young adults found that heavy lifetime cannabis use is associated with negative outcomes on working memory tasks. These findings suggest potential long-lasting effects of cannabis use on brain function.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that heavy cannabis users exhibited reduced brain activity during working memory tasks, associated with worse performance. Abstaining from cannabis before cognitive tasks may help improve performance.
The American Heart Association and Reese's Senior Bowl teamed up to teach Hands-Only CPR and AED use to NFL Draft prospects. Early recognition and action in cardiac emergencies can double a person's chance of survival, emphasizing the importance of having confident and capable individuals nearby.
A cohort study found city-level sugar-sweetened beverage taxes associated with reduced mean body mass index (BMI) among adults. These associations were seen in demographic subgroups, including young adults who consumed the most SSBs.
A retrospective cohort study of 44,000 individuals found associations between baseline fasting glucose levels, age, sex, and body mass index with the development of diabetes. The study highlights individual variation in diabetes risk according to commonly measured clinical variables, suggesting potential for targeted interventions.
A new study by University College London researchers has found that adults diagnosed with ADHD may be living shorter lives than they should. The research analyzed data from over 30,000 adults with ADHD and compared it to a group of 300,390 participants without the condition.
Despite decreased aspirin use among adults with low and higher ASCVD risk, many patients with limited benefit to treatment continue taking aspirin. The study highlights the need for better understanding of individual risk factors to improve treatment decisions.
A recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that medically recommended cannabis use is associated with a higher prevalence of cannabis use disorder and more frequent use among US adults. The study suggests that medically recommended cannabis may not be effective in reducing addiction risk compared to nonmedical use.
A cohort study found that insurance plan type and structure play a crucial role in determining access to semaglutide for adults with obesity. The findings suggest that targeted interventions at the insurance level could improve equity in obesity treatment access.
A recent study found that effective pediatric obesity treatment is associated with lower incidences of mortality in young adulthood. The treatment was also linked to reduced long-term morbidity, such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
Researchers found that most parents (78%) who worried about their child's weight were open to support and nearly all (98%) accepted a referral to relevant children's services. Parents preferred individualized support and focused on being healthy rather than just weight loss.
According to UTHealth Houston research, adolescent and young adult men with cancer have a slightly elevated risk of having preterm birth and children with low birth weight. However, the likelihood of live birth was highest for fathers who had thyroid cancer and lowest for those with gastrointestinal cancer.
A new Cochrane review found that calorie labelling in supermarkets, restaurants, and other food outlets leads to a small reduction in the calories people select and purchase. The average reduction was 1.8%, equating to around two almonds per 600-calorie meal.
A substantial proportion of US adults are aware and have experimented with synthetic menthol-mimicking cigarettes, posing a public health risk. These products could undermine the effectiveness of menthol cigarette bans in promoting smoking cessation.
A new study found that Medicare Advantage patients with colorectal cancer are six percentage points less likely to receive a cancer drug compared to those on Traditional Medicare. For non-small cell lung cancer, the pattern was not as clear due to limited low-cost treatment options.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered a new type of stem cell in the young brain that can form cells found in tumors, shedding light on how adult brain cells grow and develop into deadly brain cancers. The study provides a comprehensive roadmap for understanding healthy brain development, which could lead to better treatments for conditi...
A large UK-wide study has identified specific clusters of long-term health conditions associated with lower quality of life, particularly those linked to chronic pain, depression, and cardiovascular disease. The findings highlight the need for tailored treatment approaches for patients with multiple long-term health conditions.
Researchers analyzed data from 12,794 participants and found that those who experienced childhood maltreatment were three times more likely to experience intimate partner violence at age 21. The risk continued to grow over time, with a four-fold increase by age 26.
Engaging in 30 minutes of aerobic exercise per week modestly reduces body weight, waist circumference, and body fat measures. Aerobic training exceeding 150 minutes per week may be needed for clinically important reductions.
A longitudinal cohort study found that state cannabis legalization is associated with increased cannabis use disorder and poisoning diagnoses. Communities with increased access to cannabis may experience increased healthcare use and costs due to these rising diagnoses.
A cohort of 1,500 children found cardiovascular health scores began to decline at approximately age 10, associated with health behaviors. This study identifies modifiable health behaviors for prevention efforts to optimize CVH in early life and may contribute to disparities in adulthood.
A University of Gothenburg study found that people who started playing video games at an early age developed problematic gaming more quickly than those who started later. The study showed that younger gamers (average age 14) exhibited problems sooner than adult gamers (average age 21).
A new blood test reveals heart transplant patients at risk of rejection by analyzing DNA fragments in their blood. This non-invasive test is comparable to existing US tests and could save millions in public healthcare costs.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 96,000 adults found that higher daily step counts were linked to lower depressive symptoms. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential protective role of daily steps in depression.
A recent study found that post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) affects approximately 8.4% of US adults, with significant differences observed across various demographic groups. Currently, 3.6% of adults have PCC, and a notable 2.3% experience activity-limiting PCC.
Adult obesity trends in the US have declined for the first time in more than a decade, according to recent data. The South region experienced the largest decreases in body mass index and obesity prevalence, despite also facing high COVID-19 mortality rates among obese individuals.
The American Heart Association and Major League Baseball partnered to provide Hands-Only CPR education to 30 MLB clubs, aiming to increase survival rates from sudden cardiac arrest. By learning lifesaving skills, baseball fans can help save lives in case of a cardiac emergency.