A team of researchers has discovered a new way to target the unique metabolism of drug-resistant parasites, using a molecule called rhodoquinone. This approach could lead to the development of new drugs that selectively kill parasites without harming humans.
A new paper argues that wildfire management through prescribed burning and restoration thinning could help save spotted owls in the West, similar to how it helped red-cockaded woodpeckers in the South. The strategy aims to reduce wildfire hazards and create more owl-friendly habitat conditions.
Astronomers have identified the atmospheric composition of a mid-size planet between Earth and Neptune for the first time using NASA's Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes. The planet, Gliese 3470 b, has a large rocky core surrounded by a deep crushing atmosphere mostly composed of hydrogen and helium.
A new study found that gastric cancer is affecting more young Hispanic people in the US, with poorer outcomes than older patients. Women under 40 were more likely to have diffuse-type tumours and stage IV disease at diagnosis, leading to a median overall survival of just 7 months.
Researchers found that people best liked the heroes they rated as most moral and least liked villains they rated as most immoral. The study, published in the Journal of Media Psychology, suggests that character morality is closely tied to how much people like them.
Since President Trump took office, FDA warning letters have fallen by a third, with significantly fewer issued during his second year. The decline in enforcement actions raises concerns among agency watchers and experts, who find the trend alarming despite the FDA's claim of ongoing regulatory efforts.
Researchers found that a specific carbohydrate attaches to a peptide hormone called atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), regulating fluid balance and blood pressure. The study may lead to improved medications for high blood pressure.
A group of leading public health scientists calls for improved search engine and social media monitoring, as well as government support for mandatory immunization programs. They also advocate for correct dissemination of reliable vaccine information through various channels.
Researchers found that a specific esmolol-epinephrine ratio can provide cardioprotection while maintaining hemodynamic activity during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. This combination therapy may be beneficial in treating patients with cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a unique method to study proteins trapped in glass, offering new insights into medicinal research. The method allows for the creation of a three-dimensional model of proteins in their natural environment, revealing their chemical composition and structure.
Researchers at KAUST have created a biohybrid material that performs well as an electrocatalyst, enabling the production of carbon-free fuels and green-energy applications. The material outperforms expensive metal-based OER catalysts in terms of efficiency and is environmentally friendly.
Researchers at IST Austria developed a new method to produce realistic water wave animations, now possible without sacrificing computational efficiency. The technique, which models wave-surface interactions, enables detailed scenes such as ripples forming around islands or boats passing by.
A new paper proposes a simple yet powerful model to understand why some water suppliers turn off their supply at certain times, highlighting both benefits and drawbacks of intermittent systems. The model can help guide global efforts to meet UN's Sustainable Development Goals and its Human Right to Water.
Researchers reviewed gene sequences of over 70,000 people and found that only 5% of patients with a TTN gene mutation developed dilated cardiomyopathy. Despite this, subtle differences in heart function were detected in those with the mutations, suggesting that pinpointing these genes may not be a reliable predictor of heart disease.
Researchers have localized a fast radio burst, FRB 190523, to a galaxy 7.9 billion light-years away, providing new clues in the ongoing cosmic mystery. The discovery suggests that every galaxy, including our Milky Way, can generate an FRB.
A study published in Tobacco Control found that only 1 in 6 accredited US colleges and universities were completely smoke or tobacco-free by 2017. This leaves a significant number of students, faculty, and staff exposed to secondhand smoke.
A new ultrasensitive chemiluminescence-based method has been developed to rapidly detect Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes. This test can be carried out in the field and requires no containment laboratory, significantly faster than conventional methods.
Researchers from Mount Sinai highlight the importance of multidimensional data for stratifying a complex disease like asthma. Carefully designed, integrated multi-'omic' studies could accelerate precision medicine for asthma patients by defining asthma subtypes through transcriptomics and other omic approaches.
A new study shows that niraparib can extend life for women with ovarian cancer who have undergone multiple rounds of chemotherapy. The study found that 27% of patients responded well to the drug and averaged 9.2 months until disease progression, offering hope for a meaningful treatment option.
A recent study found that the brain becomes desensitized to background motion, making it easier to distinguish smaller moving objects in the foreground. Older adults can improve their motion segregation abilities through visual training, narrowing the gap with younger counterparts.
Aarhus University researchers suggest a previously overlooked process explains methane's consumption on Mars, leading to doubts about its presence and potential biosignature. The new mechanism involves erosion and chemistry, affecting the possibility of life on or near Martian surface.
A new species of jumping spider was named Jotus karllagerfeldiI after Karl Lagerfeld due to its distinctive black-and-white colors resembling the designer's style. The species was discovered in the Godeffroy Collection, alongside seven other new species found across Australia.
A team of researchers has identified a tissue-specific non-coding RNA called NEAT1 that regulates memory formation in the hippocampus region of the brain. Increasing NEAT1 levels in younger mice impaired learning and memory, while decreasing NEAT1 levels improved cognitive function.
Researchers found that injecting tiny beryllium pellets into the plasma could trigger small eruptions called ELMs, stabilizing fusion reactions. This technique could potentially reduce the risk of large ELMs and damage to the ITER facility.
A new biomaterial, mycokarst, made from mushroom spores has been developed to repair and strengthen building materials in extreme conditions. The material was tested on karst formations and found to be highly durable, capable of withstanding loads of up to 40 MPa.
A study by University of Turku researchers found that women are more likely to volunteer for all-female paramilitary organizations if they have brothers or husbands serving in the military. The study suggests that bonding with larger communities, such as the nation state or religious groups, can arise from psychology mechanisms designe...
The world faces an urgent need for a global agenda to manage sand, a key ingredient in modern life. With rapid urbanization and population growth driving high demand, the global sand extraction rate is projected to increase by 300% between 2000-2100.
Researchers used an extremely bright mid-infrared laser to perform spectroscopic ellipsometry, capturing high-resolution spectral information in under a second. The new approach offers insights into quickly changing properties of samples and could improve manufacturing processes and scientific discoveries.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have discovered that food and drugs can hijack the brain's reward circuits, which are also responsible for signaling hunger. This knowledge could inform the creation of more effective weight loss drugs or addiction therapies with fewer unpleasant side effects.
A team of researchers has found a balance between hot gas, stars, and other materials in galaxy clusters. The study validates the prevailing cold dark matter theory and provides insight into the relationship between ordinary matter and dark matter.
A new study found that genetic variation in the serotonin transporter gene affects brain mechanisms that influence anxiety and depression. The research suggests that personalized therapies could be developed based on an individual's genetic profile.
Researchers at OIST and Osaka University develop an artificial cell system that interacts with histamine, a natural chemical compound. The system uses a riboswitch to turn on a gene inside the cells, which can eventually be used to release drugs in response to histamine signals.
Adolescents exposed to high levels of pesticides are at increased risk of depression, according to a new study. The study found that lower levels of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which measure pesticide exposure, were associated with more symptoms of depression in teens.
A UH researcher reports that the formation of abnormal hemoglobin clusters in red blood cells may be a crucial step in developing treatments for sickle cell disease. The study suggests that inducing similar-sized clusters in liquids and solids could have applications in nanotechnology and industry.
Researchers at Mainz University have developed a new method to detect axions, a type of dark matter, using the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr) program. By exploiting nuclear magnetic resonance and sophisticated shielding, the team aims to identify spin changes caused by dark matter, which can be distinguished from thos...
A new IOF review emphasizes the importance of long-term follow-up to maintain bone health in childhood cancer survivors. The study highlights the need for careful monitoring and management to prevent premature onset of low bone mineral density and improve fracture risk.
Researchers at LMU discovered that Toxoplasma gondii utilizes a previously unrecognized mode of motility, where it secretes membrane material and recycles it into the cell membrane through endocytosis. This process generates a 'fountain-like' flow of membrane material that contributes to the parasite's propulsion along the substrate.
Researchers discovered a third fewer cells in surface waters of South Pacific Gyre compared to Atlantic ocean gyres. They found familiar microbes like Prochlorococcus and SAR11, but also an unexpected species AEGEAN-169 in surface waters.
Research reveals a proliferation of JUUL-related content on Instagram that appeals to young people through product promotion, nicotine and addiction content, and youth culture references. The study's findings suggest that strong regulatory action is needed to restrict promotional efforts for e-cigarette products on social media platforms.
Scientists use Coherent Hard X-ray Scattering to study thin film growth, producing a 'movie' that depicts the process more accurately than traditional techniques. The research could improve the performance of organic solar cells and provide insights into the quality of films.
A study by researchers at Technical University of Munich found that fungal communities have darker mushrooms in cold climates, suggesting a correlation between coloration and temperature regulation. This mechanism may improve reproduction by allowing fungi to harness solar energy.
A two-decade study on identical twins and triplets adopted as infants sheds light on the balance between nature and nurture in child development. The research aims to clarify historical misconceptions about twin studies and offers lessons for contemporary scientific inquiry.
A year-long study found that free-roaming mongrel dogs exhibit high levels of aggression in the middle of their dominance hierarchy, contrary to predictions. The researchers suggest that the complexity of pecking order in this crowded area leads to increased aggression.
Children with obesity participating in a fun-driven aerobic exercise program showed no significant improvement in mood compared to those in a sedentary after-school program. However, the sedentary group reported depressive symptoms decreased over time, possibly due to social interactions and friendships developed during the program.
A team of researchers at Texas A&M University has developed a way to control the hydrophobicity of surfaces inspired by nature, which could have widespread applications in the biomedical field. The 'nanoflower' design uses atomic defects in nanomaterials to repel water and clean surfaces.
A new study by the Francis Crick Institute found that antibiotics can wipe out early flu resistance and leave the lung vulnerable to viral infections. Gut bacteria help maintain a first line of defense in the lining of the lung, but antibiotics can destroy this defense.
Researchers found that 150,000 Ontarians experience a concussion each year, with children under 5 and adults over 65 being at higher risk. Summer months see a peak in concussions, with rural communities experiencing a higher rate than non-rural areas.
Researchers found that social isolation triggers aggression in spiders after they disperse, reversing their initial social behavior. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that aggression is a precursor to dispersal in spiderlings.
Researchers discovered that millet farmers from northern China introduced cold-tolerant barley to the plateau around 3600 years ago. This genetic legacy has contributed significantly to the current genetic landscape of Tibetans.
Researchers at Temple University and UNMC eliminate HIV DNA from animal genomes using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, achieving a critical step towards a possible cure for human HIV infection. The study combines gene editing with LASER ART therapy to suppress HIV replication and eradicate the virus from cells.
A new epidemic forecast model developed by Texas A&M researchers can accurately predict disease trajectories by taking into account human behavior. This allows for more effective resource allocation during outbreaks, reducing the risk of over-preparation and public mistrust.
A study from Joslin Diabetes Center found that a minority of patients treated for decades with type 1 diabetes may have monogenic diabetes, which can be treated with oral drugs. The research suggests screening for genetic mutations in young people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes to identify potential treatment options.
A supermassive black hole at the centre of jellyfish galaxy JO201 is stripping away gas and throwing it out into space, accelerating the suppression of star formation. This process, known as ram-pressure stripping, has caused a brief increase in star formation due to the compression of clouds of gas.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London found that the risk of stillbirth increases with each week of pregnancy after term. Women who continue their pregnancy to 41 weeks' gestation face a low but increased risk, equivalent to one additional stillbirth for every 1,449 pregnancies compared to delivering at 40 weeks.
A DNA test of a tooth fragment from Jeff Weakley's foot, retrieved after a 24-year blister, identified the blacktip shark species responsible for the 1994 bite. The study aims to improve bite mitigation strategies by providing more precise data on unidentified species.
A statewide initiative in California resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of kindergartners entering school without up-to-date vaccinations. The study found that the rate decreased from 9.84% to 4.87% between 2013 and 2017, likely due to changes in vaccination policies.
A team of Penn State researchers found that fine particles can disrupt the flow of cerebrospinal fluid through the nose, potentially contributing to neurological diseases. The study suggests a possible mechanism for how air pollution may lead to conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A follow-up study reaffirms the effectiveness of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in reducing lung cancer mortality. The research found that LDCT can prevent lung cancer deaths or at least delay them for more than a decade, with only 303 patients needed to be screened to prevent one death.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania finds that proton therapy can be as effective and safe as traditional treatments when administered in higher doses over a shorter period. The research, which included 184 men with non-metastatic prostate cancer, showed low rates of serious gastrointestinal and urologic issues.
Researchers found that protein clumps in ALS neurons can be triggered by cellular stress and may provide a potential target for new therapies. Chemical compounds have been identified to prevent this stress-induced accumulation, offering a promising starting point for treating the disease.