Scientists estimate nature-based solutions for agricultural pest control deliver $14.6-19.5 billion annually across 23 countries. Non-chemical crop protection (biological control) outperforms traditional Green Revolution methods, promoting rural growth and prosperity.
A new phone app has been shown to effectively reduce symptoms of eating disorders in college women, including binge eating and depression. The app-based cognitive behavioral therapy provided a convenient and accessible means of intervention, with 83% of participants completing at least some of the program.
A PET imaging study found that low aromatase enzyme activity in the brain's amygdala is associated with higher BMI and lower self-control. Estrogen production in the amygdala may regulate feeding behavior, influencing BMI.
Researchers found that these diets help with short-term weight loss, but may not be effective in preventing heart disease. Established nutritional guidelines are recommended for better cardiovascular health, according to the study.
The DAPA-CKD trial found that dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening kidney function, death from kidney disease, or hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease. The study also showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality.
A team of astrophysicists observes newborn stars' magnetospheric accretion region for the first time, providing insight into star formation mechanisms. The study uses the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and GRAVITY instrument to measure angular size and prove magnetospheric accretion taking place close to stellar surfaces.
A study reveals genetic similarities between New Guinea highland wild dogs and captive NGSDs, suggesting a shared ancestry. The discovery could help bolster NGSD populations through conservation efforts.
A UTA researcher is developing an AI-based system to refine traditional measurements of bridge structural health by accounting for variables like truck types and traffic conditions. The goal is to provide more accurate load parameters and improve the overall integrity of bridges.
Rice University researchers are developing an open-source platform to turbo-charge the research process of inventing novel machine-learning based techniques for intelligent wireless network management and optimization. The 3DML platform will provide agile and flexible tools to manage and protect complex wireless networks.
Research shows that oxytocin reverses delayed gastric emptying caused by stress, increasing stomach muscle contractions. The hormone also inhibits adaptation to stress, delaying gastric emptying and decreasing stomach tone.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed a new microgel drug delivery method to improve pancreatic islet transplant success. The method uses an engineered biomaterial to deliver an immune-suppressing protein, reducing dosage and side effects.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new theory that may lead to systematic design of quantum algorithms, outperforming classical computers. The theory identifies large groups of quantum states with polynomial complexity, allowing for efficient coefficient sampling procedures to determine their suitability.
A study of 1177 UK adults found that eating more in the evening is associated with a higher total energy intake and lower diet quality. The research suggests that consuming a lower proportion of calories at night may lead to a lower daily energy intake.
Researchers found that men's hearts have coarser textures and a larger surface area, while women's hearts have finer grained textures. With age, differences in heart shape decreased for both sexes, but texture differences remained.
A research team led by the University of Oklahoma aims to identify general ecological rules governing microbiome dynamics using anaerobic digesters as model systems. The study will provide fundamental knowledge critical to predicting microbiome behaviors and enable science-informed policies for ecosystem management.
Infants exhibit increased brain activity and neural flexibility from birth, indicating early development of higher-level brain functions. This emerging flexibility is positively associated with reading ability, academic success, and creativity.
Individual winning streaks are more inspiring and awe-inspiring than team successes, according to a new study. People tend to attribute individual achievements to the person themselves, rather than situational factors, which can inspire feelings of admiration and desire for continued success.
Two randomized controlled studies demonstrate that SGLT2 inhibitors can slow CKD progression across all patient groups, not just those with diabetes. The DAPA-CKD trial found a significant reduction in kidney function decline and end-stage disease with dapagliflozin treatment.
A study of Serengeti National Park camera-trap data found that leopard population densities are similar to other protected areas but fluctuate between wet and dry seasons. The fluctuations appear to be driven by the abundance of prey and interactions with other large carnivores like lions.
The LoDoCo2 trial found that low-dose colchicine significantly reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events by almost one-third in patients with chronic coronary disease. The study also showed that colchicine was well-tolerated over the long-term, with no significant adverse effects.
A large cohort study found no association between maternal H1N1 vaccination during pregnancy and risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. Researchers also found that vaccine exposure in the first trimester did not increase ASD or autistic disorder (AD) risks.
The POPular TAVI trial found that aspirin alone significantly reduced bleeding rates compared to aspirin with clopidogrel after TAVI. Aspirin therapy was also superior for secondary outcomes, including non-procedural bleeding and thromboembolic events.
A clinical trial found that patients with IDH-mutant high-risk LGG, regardless of codeletion status, receive a survival benefit from adding postradiation chemotherapy. The study supports the use of WHO-defined molecular subgroups in predicting response to treatment.
A pharmacist-led telemonitoring program has been shown to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events. The study found a significant reduction in serious cardiovascular events among patients enrolled in the telemonitoring group compared to those receiving routine primary care.
Infants as young as two years old exhibit increased brain flexibility, a key factor in cognitive development, according to UNC-Chapel Hill researchers. This emerging neural ability enables early learning of new motor skills and supports the maturation of higher-level cognitive processes.
Scientists have developed biocompatible TeSex nano-alloys that eliminate toxicity and enhance theranostic performances for precision medicine. The nano-alloys enable high-efficacy photothermal therapy under multimodal imaging guidance.
Exercise-based stress relief is linked to increased galanin levels in the brainstem, which improves stress resilience. This study found that mice with access to an exercise wheel displayed reduced anxious behaviors and elevated galanin levels in response to a stressful event.
The HCA|Organoid project will establish an open access Organoid Cell Atlas, enabling future discovery-driven and translational research on rare genetic diseases, complex multifactorial diseases, and cancer. The project will derive and comprehensively characterize human brain and colon organoids from 100 individuals each.
A study reveals that amyloid protein alpha-synuclein found in Parkinson's brains is also present in skin cells producing melanin, modulating protein fibril formation and suggesting a molecular link between the two diseases. The discovery may explain the observed association between Parkinson's disease and melanoma.
The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV13 has significantly reduced socioeconomic disparities and Black-white-based racial disparities for invasive pneumococcal disease. The study found a large decrease in the overall incidence of pneumococcal disease and markedly reduced race-based disparities.
AUC Riverside researchers find ephrin-B1 regulates E/I balance in hippocampus, leading to seizures and social abnormalities. The study provides new insights into mechanisms behind neurodevelopmental disorders.
Researchers used satellite imagery to detect non-native Amur honeysuckle in urban parks and cemeteries, achieving 82% accuracy. The method provides a cost-effective solution for ecological restoration, allowing for targeted removal of invasive species.
Dr. Hon's article explores the risk of deep vein thrombosis in individuals with spinal cord injury, suggesting screening on admission may be advisable to identify at-risk patients. The Bors Award recognizes her contributions to advancing spinal cord injury care and research.
Researchers developed a method to create flexible micro LEDs that can be detached from their substrate and attached to various surfaces. This technology aims to enable bendable, wearable electronics with high resolution.
The discovery of radio jets in the Phoenix Galaxy Cluster suggests that a supermassive black hole is actively heating intra-cluster gas, preventing star formation. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of galaxy evolution and coevolution.
A study from American University found that a diet low in glutamate and high in nutrients reduced symptoms in US veterans with Gulf War Illness. The study showed significant reductions in overall symptoms, pain, and fatigue after one month on the diet.
A recent study by researchers from the Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research found that older adults living in disadvantaged neighborhoods are two times more likely to experience delirium after surgery. Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute decline in cognition, which can present as inattention, disorien...
Researchers found that a Mediterranean ketogenic diet can alter specific gut fungi associated with higher Alzheimer's disease risk. The study suggests that this dietary approach may help reduce harmful fungi in the gut, potentially leading to improved mental health outcomes.
Researchers used publicly available cell phone location data to analyze activity across up to 2,740 counties in the US. They found that counties with a greater decline in workplace cell phone activity showed lower COVID-19 infection rates, suggesting this data can be used to estimate growth rates and inform decision-making.
Children born to mothers with PCOS are at a higher risk of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders, including emotional problems, autism, ADHD, and delayed development. The study found a significant link between PCOS and increased risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring, independent of maternal obesity.
Cardiac fibroblasts can be directly reprogrammed to form beating heart muscle cells on soft surfaces that match the elasticity of native myocardium. This approach shows increased functional maturation and spontaneously beating iCMs, with implications for treating heart failure and myocardial infarction.
The COVID-19 outbreak has caused immense problems at a macro socioeconomic level and has taken a toll on the physical and mental well-being of individuals worldwide. Caregivers, physicians, and others directly dealing with patients are likely experiencing trauma consequences and burnout syndrome.
A new study suggests that young women who experience a heart attack may have more favorable long-term outcomes compared to men. The research found that second heart attacks were less frequent in women and they were more likely to have healthy arteries. However, women were also at higher risk of stroke compared to men.
Scientists have developed a low-temperature resisting hybrid electrolyte for aqueous zinc-based batteries (ZBBs), exhibiting high zinc-ion conductivity at low temperature. The new electrolyte improved the performance of ZBBs, enabling high energy densities, power densities and long-cycle life at -20°C.
Researchers have developed a new method for creating multicolor single-mode microlasers capable of emitting over the full visible spectrum. The lasers are achieved through heterogeneously coupled cavities constructed with three spherical microcavities and distinct gain media.
A RUDN University linguist found a potential correlation between the number of COVID-19 cases in a country and the presence of aspirated consonants in its main language. The study, published in Medical Hypotheses journal, suggests that languages like English with more aspirated consonants may lead to faster spread of the virus.
A new scoring system is proposed to diagnose COVID-19, taking into account epidemiological evidence, clinical symptoms, and investigations. This simple system can be calculated in minutes and helps classify suspected patients for further evaluation or isolation.
The ESC guidelines recommend imaging to identify underlying causes of heart attacks, including blood vessel tears. Treatment involves restoring blood flow with stents and blood thinners, as well as lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation and exercise.
The European Society of Cardiology recommends an individualized care plan for patients with atrial fibrillation, incorporating symptom management, cardiovascular optimization, and lifestyle modifications. Patients should be informed about the implications of detecting atrial fibrillation and receive treatment to prevent stroke.
Patients with type 2 diabetes experience significant reductions in heart attack risk and mortality when starting medications to prevent cardiovascular disease. The study found that the risk was reduced by 61% for heart attacks and 41% for death over a 15-year period.
Adults with congenital heart disease require lifelong management, including regular appointments, pregnancy planning, and exercise recommendations. The ESC guidelines provide guidance on diagnosis, treatment, and support to help these individuals lead normal lives.
The European Society of Cardiology has launched new guidelines on sports cardiology and exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease. The guidelines recommend regular exercise, including strength-building and aerobic activities, to prevent heart disease and improve overall health.
New research led by the Singapore-ETH Centre reveals that mangrove conservation and restoration efforts have slowed down deforestation and preserved carbon stocks globally. The study found a 1.8% net loss of mangrove carbon stocks between 1996 and 2016, significantly lower than previous estimates.
The COVID-19 crisis has exposed Australia's National Broadband Network (NBN) shortcomings, with over 1 million households lacking internet access at home. The Flinders University researchers found that the NBN rollout prioritized politics and commerce over equity considerations, leading to unequal access to high-speed broadband services.
Researchers discovered fossil trees on Peru's Central Andean Plateau, revealing a more humid ecosystem than predicted by climate models. The findings support the hypothesis that tectonic uplift occurred in rapid pulses, shaping the region's climate and vegetation.
A new study by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine found that atheists and agnostics sleep better than Catholics and Baptists. 73% of atheists reported getting seven or more hours of sleep per night, compared to 63% of Catholics and 55% of Baptists.
Researchers have discovered a unique binding mode that allows bacteria to stick to cellulose fibers in the human gut, enabling them to withstand shear forces. This breakthrough sheds light on the microbiome and its relationship to human health, with potential applications in bio-based medical superglues.
Adrienne Bryant Godwin receives funding to create a performance project exploring human migration through the eyes of four children. The project aims to reflect on global migration issues using artistic expressions, suitable for audiences aged 10 and older.
A new physiological test for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown promise, accurately identifying 124 of 131 children with ASD regardless of co-occurring medical conditions. The test measures metabolites in a blood sample and predicts diagnosis with minimal impact from other health issues.
The NASA Terra satellite captured an infrared image of cloud top temperatures in Tropical Storm Hernan, showing its final burst of strength. The storm's powerful thunderstorms had coldest cloud top temperatures as low as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit near the center.