A Salk study reveals the connection between CRTC3 and melanin production, finding that eliminating the protein can reduce melanoma cell aggression. The researchers also discovered two cellular communications systems converge on CRTC3, suggesting it as a potential target for developing new treatments.
A $1.2 million NSF EPSCoR grant will establish a new faculty position, support postdoctoral researchers and graduate students, and fund work on neutrino detection at IceCube and RNO-G observatories. The research aims to improve calibration of massive instruments and develop advanced data analysis techniques.
A new study by the University of Texas at Dallas examines the gray area between lobbying and bribery among multinational companies, especially in countries with weak institutional development. Firms from developed countries are more likely to influence host countries through lobbying, even when bribery is expected.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School analyze the genetic makeup of gut bacteria and find links to various diseases including coronary artery disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and liver cirrhosis. The study identifies groups of bacterial genes that can predict disease risk or identify presence, paving the way for developing tests.
COVID-19 patients are at risk of developing another bacterial, viral, or fungal infection simultaneously or subsequently. Research reveals that such co-infections can lead to poorer health outcomes for these patients.
A study by the University of Córdoba has identified holm oak trees that exhibit greater resistance and tolerance to drought stress, root rot, and high temperatures. These 'elite' specimens may be used as molecular markers for drought-tolerant trees in reforestation programs.
A NYITCOM researcher has secured a $1.6 million NIH grant to study the role of brain cells called astrocytes in regulating dopamine signaling. The study aims to identify new therapeutic treatments for clinical depression, which affects over 260 million people worldwide.
The summit will discuss strategies for Biden's infrastructure programs, their implications on the Korean New Deal, and opportunities for grand economic collaboration. It will also feature talks on integration of US national infrastructure investment plans and Korea's Digital Green New Deal.
A new mathematical model provides unique insights into the multiscale biological alterations in the elderly and neurodegenerative brain, linking genetic changes to cognitive decline. The study identified genes contributing to healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease progression, with implications for future treatment targets.
Researchers develop therapeutic strategy to disrupt sticky biofilm that causes early childhood caries, a severe form of dental decay. The treatment targets the bonds between bacteria and yeast, reducing biofilm volume and making it easier to remove.
Researchers found a predicted average annual production gain of 0.8% for large sampling of commercial US wind plants using wake steering. This technique increases power output by nearly 70% while maintaining energy generation costs.
Research from Brigham Young University found that providing social support to medical patients through group meetings and family sessions promotes healthy behaviors and increases survival rates. The study analyzed data from 106 trials involving over 40,000 patients, showing a significant impact on patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a tool using AI and text mining to analyze inspection reports, identifying urgent roof repairs and prioritizing spending. The 'Moneyball' approach uses data on buildings instead of subjective opinions to make informed decisions with limited budgets.
The global temperature rise will increase cooling degree days, leading to a higher energy demand for cooling buildings. In Switzerland, the energy demand for cooling is expected to increase significantly, with potential peaks on hot days.
Academic institutions must improve support for disabled faculty members, including those with visible and invisible disabilities. The commentary highlights the challenges created by high demands for grant money and frequent research publications, which can lead to reduced funding and staff retention.
A nanofiber filter made from polymer nanothreads captured 99.9% of coronavirus aerosols in an experiment, surpassing the effectiveness of commercial masks and air filters. The production technique, electrospinning, is cost-effective and scalable.
Researchers at Cornell University have identified DNA markers that determine grape flower sex and pinpointed the genetic origins of the perfect flower. This study provides breeders with a tool to screen seedlings for flower sex, reducing waste and increasing efficiency in breeding programs.
Researchers have discovered a new oxygen-coordinated molybdenum single atom catalyst that exhibits high nitrogen reduction reaction activity and stability in producing ammonia. The catalyst, anchored on activated carbon, shows promising results for efficient electrosynthesis of ammonia.
Researchers developed a novel method for labeling DNA bases using electrochemical detection and redox labels. This approach allows for the identification of individual nucleotides in a single strand of DNA, enabling faster and more affordable DNA sequencing and diagnostic applications.
Researchers have developed a new approach to analysing the forces at play behind diseased heart vessels, which could help cardiologists predict heart attacks in patients. The study used optical coherence tomography images to generate patient-specific reconstructions of coronary plaques and analyse stress concentrations.
A Washington State University study links alterations in hatchery-raised steelhead trout's epigenetic programming to reduced fertility and abnormal health. The research suggests that faster growth practices and environmental factors can lead to epigenetic changes passed down through generations, impacting wild fish populations.
A genetic mutation associated with autism can inhibit the release of oxytocin, a peptide that regulates social behavior, and cause abnormal social behavior in mice. This finding suggests that CAPS2 protein plays a critical role in facilitating the release of peripheral oxytocin into the bloodstream.
A study found that two-fifths of Medicare beneficiaries with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have limited access to pulmonary rehabilitation services. The researchers identified significant disparities in access across urban, suburban, and rural areas.
LHAASO's discovery opens up an era for UHE gamma astronomy, prompting scientists to rethink high-energy particle acceleration and propagation mechanisms. The observatory detected 12 stable gamma ray sources with energies up to 1 PeV, revealing the Milky Way is full of PeVatrons.
Scientists have developed a new process to integrate special dyes into electric motor insulation, allowing for early detection of degradation. This could lead to reduced motor replacements and improved efficiency in electric vehicles.
Researchers discovered innate immune markers increased in frequency in modern people from a region that experienced the plague, suggesting these markers might have evolved to resist the disease. The study also found changes in allele distribution for immune-related genes, which could be evidence of past Yersinia pestis exposure.
Eating a Western diet impairs gut immune function, increasing the risk of infection and inflammatory bowel disease. Paneth cell damage caused by high sugar and fat consumption can lead to excessive inflammation.
A recent study found that only 19% of women in sub-Saharan Africa underwent cervical cancer screenings between 2011 and 2018. The rates varied greatly by country, with some countries having nearly 46% of women screened versus less than 1%. Increasing screenings is crucial to detect the disease early and improve treatment outcomes.
A meta-analysis of 106 RCTs found psychosocial interventions prolonging life by 20% compared to standard care. Interventions promoting health behaviors were associated with improved survival, while those focusing solely on emotional support yielded smaller gains.
A study led by Florida Atlantic University confirms that the non-native vervet monkey population in Dania Beach has West African origins and were introduced through a failed roadside zoo. The research provides critical baseline information on this little-known population, shedding light on their adaptation to urban environments.
Scientists at Medical College of Georgia are working on a synthetic version of the HLA-G molecule to protect transplanted kidneys from rejection. They hope this therapy will enable dose reduction of standard immunosuppressive drugs, reducing the risk of infections and other medical problems.
Researchers used genetic methods to examine 12 coagulation measures, uncovering four factors associated with migraine susceptibility in individuals with aura. The study suggests a potential causal role of hemostatic factors in migraines with aura.
Researchers from NUS and TU have developed a method to harness WiFi signals using spin-torque oscillators, converting them into energy to power small electronics. The device successfully harvested energy from WiFi-band signals to light up an LED wirelessly without using any battery.
Photodynamic therapy has shown promising results in treating respiratory tract infections and some types of cancer. Adding antibodies to the treatment can increase its efficacy, making it an attractive option for rapid responses to pandemics. The new approach uses viral antibodies attached to light-absorbing molecules to target viruses...
Researchers have designed optical rectennas that can capture excess heat and turn it into usable electricity, achieving efficiencies 100 times higher than previous tools. The devices use a phenomenon called resonant tunneling to pass through solid matter without losing energy.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have developed new peanut varieties that combine the genetic diversity of wild relatives with the desirable traits of modern peanuts. The new lines are resistant to diseases such as leaf spot and root-knot nematode, and offer improved sustainability for farmers.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have created a prototype for a rechargeable cement-based battery with an average energy density of 7 Wh/m2. The concept has vast potential for energy storage and monitoring applications in buildings, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional materials.
The new test detects a specific protein (CFP-10) in children's blood samples with high sensitivity and accuracy, identifying TB cases with 100% accuracy. It can detect TB up to 60 weeks before diagnosis, offering early detection and potentially saving lives.
A new study led by Russ Van Horn finds that steep terrain and rugged spots are crucial for female Andean bears to choose suitable dens for their cubs. The research may aid conservation efforts by providing critical information on managing human activities near bear habitats.
A meta-analysis found that adding revascularization to medical therapy reduces cardiovascular death by 21% in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. The benefit increases over time, with a greater impact on survival for those with extensive disease.
The study reveals that shootin1a mechanically links polymerizing actin with cell adhesion molecules in dendritic spines, enhancing coupling and allowing structural plasticity. This finding is significant as changes in dendritic spine plasticity have been implicated in various neurological disorders.
Research presented at the ATS 2021 International Conference found that cumulative tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy and childhood is associated with decreased lung function in children. Even small amounts of secondhand smoke exposure can have detrimental effects on children's lung function.
A study analyzing 105 glaucoma trials reveals significant racial and ethnic disparities in clinical trial participation. Minority groups are underrepresented in these trials, which could impact the development of effective treatments for diverse populations.
The EBC MAIN trial found no significant difference in one-year clinical outcomes between planned single stenting and upfront two-stent techniques for true bifurcation distal left main disease. The primary composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization occurred at a rate of 14.7% in the provision...
Researchers developed a new basis for comparing tuberculosis treatments using an rRNA synthesis ratio, enabling more intelligent drug design and acceleration of treatments. This tool has crucial implications for combatting the global TB epidemic by providing a durable cure.
Researchers at University of Basel analyze archaeological seeds to show Swiss farmers domesticated opium poppy around 5500 BCE. The method used involves measuring seed cells and shape to distinguish between wild and domestic variants.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that individuals relying on traditional news sources are more accepting of the COVID-19 vaccine. The research highlights the importance of trusted sources in shaping public opinion on vaccination.
A new study published in the European Heart Journal highlights the importance of urban design in promoting heart health. The authors argue that cities play a significant role in causing environmental stressors such as air pollution, noise, and heat island effects, which can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
A study found that drastic changes in the Mediterranean climate and geology 6 million years ago led to the emergence of new species in wall lizards. The researchers believe hybridization played a key role in this process, fueling evolution and promoting biodiversity.
A new metric characterizes the 'inertia' of water after rainfall, allowing better analysis of freshwater storage capability using satellite data. On average, global land surfaces can retain over one quarter of monthly precipitation, with smaller areas having wetter conditions and larger areas having drier climates.
Researchers recommend increasing milkweed stems in the Midwest and southern U.S. to support the eastern monarch butterfly population, which has dwindled to 2.3 overwintering hectares due to habitat loss and climate change.
A University of Minnesota Medical School study found that COVID-19 outcomes are worse for racial and ethnic groups in the Twin Cities, independent of socioeconomic status. Non-English speaking also contributes to worse outcomes, according to the research.
Environmental psychologists are urging individuals and employers to capitalize on the shifts observed during the pandemic to adopt new, greener habits. Recent surveys suggest that UK lockdowns significantly reduced carbon footprints and individuals' willingness to take climate action remains strong.
Urban megaprojects have severe implications for environmental processes, disrupting urban water flows, biodiversity, and flood regimes. The study's findings emphasize the need for community involvement and funders' accountability to ensure sustainable development.
A new microfluidics system automates the loading of cryoprotectants in IVF embryos before freezing them, reducing molecular damage caused by cryopreservation. This approach enables faster and more efficient embryo cryopreservation with lower concentrations of toxic chemicals.
A new simulation method predicts blood flow conditions that cause pathological behavior of the human blood protein vWF. This breakthrough has the potential to optimize the design of left ventricular assist devices used in heart failure patients and improve diagnosis and treatment of von Willebrand disease, a common inherited bleeding d...
Researchers developed advanced torque vectoring methods to enhance power consumption, safety, and driveability in electric vehicles. The innovative system uses predictive control models with fuzzy logic to adaptively prioritize vehicle dynamics or energy efficiency.
The USPSTF now recommends starting colorectal cancer screening at age 45 for most adults, with selective offers for those aged 76-85. Nearly one-third of eligible adults were not up to date with screening in 2018.
A new study led by UCL researchers suggests intensive agriculture could drive loss of bees and other tropical pollinators. Insect pollinators were found to be more than 70% less abundant in areas with intensive cropland compared to wild sites.
Researchers at the HSE Institute of Ecology suggest that Russia can revise its territorial waters' baselines to ensure sovereignty, rights, and national security. Granting 'historic waters' status could also reinforce Russia's position in the Arctic by utilizing long-term use and permanent occupation of these areas.