A survey of US college students found that one in three students may be viewing digital groups sharing nude or semi-nude photos without consent. The study suggests that university sexual violence prevention education should include discussions on these sites to address objectifying attitudes and justify sexual violence.
Researchers used stem cell-derived organoids to study SARS-CoV-2 interaction with organs. Lung organoids responded more to the virus than brain organoids, producing different molecules and outcomes.
Researchers found that emphasizing aesthetic flaws via 'ugly' labeling increases the purchase of unattractive produce, leading to reduced food waste. The study's findings suggest that consumers may reevaluate their reliance on visual appearance, making them more likely to buy unattractive produce.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed tissue-engineered components to support larynx reconstruction after cancer or trauma. The implants utilize customized engineered tissue replacements with dynamic muscle component fabricated from patient's own cells.
Researchers have developed a flexible X-ray sensor using nanocrystals that can capture high-resolution images of curved 3D objects. The sensor uses persistent radioluminescence to emit light after exposure to X-rays, enabling the detection of defects in electronics and examination of valuable artworks.
Among Ecuador's Shuar people, market integration is linked to higher levels of disgust sensitivity and lower infection rates. Disgust helps regulate exposure to pathogens and varies across households and communities.
A study of private insurance claims data found nearly half of women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections received the wrong antibiotics and three-quarters received prescriptions for longer than necessary. Rural areas tend to have inappropriately long treatment durations, which can lead to adverse events and antibiotic resistance.
A new study shows that people's writing styles reflect the norms of the social group they belong to. Researchers analyzed online forum posts from parents and feminists to demonstrate their method, finding an accuracy of 70% in detecting which group identity was active. This discovery has implications for understanding how people switch...
A team of scientists found that sulfur metabolism plays a crucial role in the transition from single-celled to multicellular organisms. By manipulating sulfur levels, they were able to induce or prevent the formation of multicellular aggregates in the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. This discovery has significant implications for ...
A new strain of the coronavirus in Southern California, CAL.20C, is rapidly spreading across the country and around the world, accounting for nearly half of current COVID-19 cases in the region. The strain has been detected in 19 US states and six foreign countries, suggesting travelers are carrying it to these destinations.
A newly translated journal from a 17th-century German barber-surgeon reveals the complexities of the Atlantic slave trade. Through his accounts, historians gain insight into the quotidian brutality and banality of evil in the trade.
Nitrogen-bearing diamond crystals have been shown to produce high-quality X-ray beams due to their superior thermal conductivity and coefficient of expansion. Despite historical concerns over their quality, researchers from BFU successfully manufactured plates with sufficient defect-free areas using a unique device.
UT Southwestern researchers have identified nine serum proteins in blood that strongly predict autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using machine learning tools. These biomarkers could enable earlier diagnosis and prompt therapeutic support, potentially improving quality of life for children with ASD.
The Novo Nordisk Network for Healthy Populations will focus on new ways to support healthier urban populations and develop interventions to prevent the unsustainable rise of type 2 diabetes. The network aims to find solutions that address the root cause of chronic diseases and bring together existing expertise from across the University.
The American Chemical Society highlights the achievements of Black scientists in chemistry and chemical engineering, including drug discovery, biomedical engineering, and sustainable energy. The special issue showcases their work and calls for greater recognition and inclusion in the science enterprise.
Sanfilippo syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that causes childhood dementia and premature death. Researchers are developing a new combination therapy using gene therapy and stem cells to restore metabolic defects in brain cells.
Researchers at Duke University are developing new super-hard materials using chaotic atomic structures, which can enhance stability and strength in a wide range of applications. The team aims to create a material that can solve the friction stir welding problem with steel, revolutionizing ship construction and defense equipment.
A trial in Mumbai found that regular clinical breast examination led to earlier diagnosis and reduced deaths from breast cancer, especially among women aged 50 and older. The study suggests that implementation of population screening by trained health workers is feasible in low and middle income countries.
Researchers create synthetic biomaterials mimicking tendon structure and strength through freeze-casting and salting-out processes. The new hydrogels show promise for temporary wound closure, long-term tissue replacement, and wearable medical device coatings.
A new surgical technique, Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS), demonstrates reduced recurrent stroke rates from 37% to 10.7%. The EDAS procedure reroutes arteries to segments at risk of stroke, mimicking the process of 'gardening' for blood flow.
A link between depression and stomach ulcers has been confirmed in the world's largest study of genetic factors in peptic ulcer disease, involving nearly half a million people. Genetic variations associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer disease have also been identified.
A University of Michigan study finds that groundwater depletion could significantly impact Indian agriculture, with potential losses of up to 20% in winter cropped acreage nationwide. The researchers estimate that even partial replacement with canal irrigation may not be enough to maintain current production levels.
A team of researchers from Harvard University has successfully evolved custom proteases that can target specific proteins with high selectivity, opening up new possibilities for neuroregeneration, growth hormone regulation, and cytokine storm treatment. The technology uses phage-assisted continuous evolution to generate bespoke protein...
A new study found that women who survived domestic violence are more vulnerable to elder abuse, with 6.4% reporting past experience and significantly poorer psychological wellbeing. This highlights the need for clinical monitoring and ongoing support for survivors as they age.
As of mid-January, over 60% of long-term care facility residents and staff received their first COVID-19 vaccine dose through the CDC's public-private partnership with CVS, Walgreens, and Managed Health Care Associates. The study highlights a significant increase in vaccination rates among vulnerable populations.
A study by University of Zurich researchers reveals that increasing lamin B1 levels in aging mice stem cell division improves, leading to increased new neurons. The findings offer hope for future therapies targeting neurogenesis in older individuals or those with degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
Comparative biologists develop strategies to predict climate change impacts on species and ecosystems, informing conservation policy. Physiological adaptations and interactions between animals and their environments are crucial for building policies to protect keystone and vulnerable species.
A new study published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface suggests that reducing individual activity through social distancing is far superior in controlling the dissemination of Sars-CoV-2. The research found that limiting personal mobility through travel restrictions and similar tactics is effective only in the first phases...
A global study of over 137,000 people found that a diet high in poor quality carbohydrates increases the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and death. Those consuming diets with high glycemic index were 50% more likely to have cardiovascular events if they had a pre-existing heart condition.
Researchers discovered that Niemann-Pick type C disease is associated with neuroinflammation and impaired intracellular lipid transport, leading to the accumulation of lipids in the brain. The findings suggest a potential new approach for monitoring disease progression and response to therapy.
Researchers created a detailed brain map of C. elegans, uncovering modular structure and variation in neural circuits that complement core circuitry found across animals. The study's findings suggest the worm's brain processes information through layers, with convergence of different neural circuits enabling integration and coordination.
Radiologists at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed an approach to manage swollen lymph nodes on mammograms in women who have recently received COVID-19 vaccinations. The approach aims to reduce delays in vaccinations and breast cancer diagnoses while reassuring patients that the swelling is a normal response to vaccination.
The Frontera supercomputer has expanded its capabilities to accelerate life sciences research during the COVID-19 pandemic and support rapid responses to emergencies like hurricanes and earthquakes. The expansion adds nearly 400 server nodes, increasing compute time by nearly 3.5 million node hours annually.
A new study reveals that over one third of genetic variants associated with coronary artery disease regulate liver-specific genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Researchers pinpoint the causal single nucleotide polymorphisms and target genes mediating the risk, expanding our understanding of the disease's mechanisms.
Scientists have mapped the structure of neuropil, a fundamental type of brain tissue organization, in C. elegans using innovative melding of network analysis and imaging strategies. The study revealed four layers with distinct domains for processing sensory information and motor behaviors, providing insights into how the brain integrat...
Multi-ethnic neighborhoods in England have grown from 0.5% to over 4% of all neighborhoods between 1991 and 2011, while retaining high diversity and stability rates. This contrasts with racially diverse neighborhoods in the U.S., which are often transitional.
A recent study found that MYCN overexpression leads to increased iron levels, which induce ferroptosis, a type of cell death. This vulnerability can be exploited by drugs blocking ROS elimination, making cancer cells susceptible to treatment. The researchers plan to test FDA-approved rheumatoid arthritis drugs in preclinical models.
The use of polymeric flame retardant PolyFR in eco-friendly foam insulation poses health risks and environmental concerns. Alternative insulation materials like mineral fibers can be used instead.
A new study by Yale Cancer Center found sex hormones and insulin growth factors are associated with recurrence risk of endometrial cancer. The findings suggest a possible new approach in the prevention and treatment of endometrial cancer recurrence, which is currently being evaluated in a multi-center trial.
Researchers found that older people correctly understood basic medication information in over 70% of cases. However, when physicians failed to discuss potential side effects, patients incorrectly assumed there were none for nearly half of their prescribed medications.
Two monoclonal antibodies targeting the MERS coronavirus spike protein showed promise in a phase 1 clinical trial, being well-tolerated and safe when administered to healthy adults. The study found the experimental antibodies reduced virus levels and tissue damage in lungs.
Scientists have identified tissue-resident memory-like Th17 cells (Trm17) as a key player in the development of hyperinflammation and lung injury in severe COVID-19. These cells produce inflammatory molecules like GM-CSF, which correlates with disease severity.
Researchers are examining how Amish and Mennonite communities are responding to COVID-19, including their social distancing practices and health misinformation. They are using community newspapers and local health data to track pandemic-related behaviors and identify factors driving misinformation.
Researchers have developed a new method to discover Weyl semimetals with S4 symmetry, allowing for high-throughput screening. The approach uses a novel topological invariant that can be calculated efficiently using the one-dimensional Wilson-loop method.
A new study found that dominant male wide-horned hissing cockroaches have larger respiratory systems, allowing them to dominate physical mating battles. This adaptation may enhance their fighting ability and play a crucial role in sexual selection.
A comprehensive analysis identifies risks in smart agriculture and proposes countermeasures to prevent information theft and cyberattacks. The researchers categorized agricultural systems into three modes and proposed six general countermeasures, including technological and physical solutions.
Scientists at Northwestern University have identified a compound that eliminates degeneration of upper motor neurons in ALS, a neurodegenerative disease. After 60 days of treatment, diseased brain cells regain health and function like healthy control neurons.
A University of Missouri engineer has received a $500,000 grant to mass-produce a wearable bioelectronic device capable of detecting COVID-19 and tracking multiple vital signs. The device, which can be customized to fit individual health needs, aims to provide critical information for early detection and potentially save lives.
Researchers discovered that twisted graphene at a 1.1-degree angle produces superconductivity, allowing for efficient electricity transport without resistance. The magic angle creates a moiré effect, trapping electrons and phonons in domains that enable superconducting properties.
Research finds widespread increases in ice speed across the Getz sector, with some ice accelerating into the ocean by nearly 50%. Thirteen glaciers are thinning and flowing more quickly into the ocean, contributing to a total loss of 315 gigatonnes of ice between 1994 and 2018.
A new study reveals that reducing body temperature improves surfactant activity, making it easier for oxygen to enter the lungs. Therapeutic hypothermia could be a potential treatment for ARDS, affecting critical patients worldwide.
Researchers applied game theory to analyze cellular processes, revealing insights into viral behavior and immune system deception. The study provides blueprints for understanding mimicry formation and destruction in cellular populations.
Researchers developed two new rapid diagnostic tests for COVID-19, one to detect variants and another to differentiate with other illnesses. These tests use the CRISPR/Cas9 system and can produce results in under an hour.
A new machine learning approach simulates atom dynamics in materials like aluminum, enhancing computational materials discovery. The automated method uses active learning to iteratively build a diverse training dataset, emulating highly accurate quantum simulations at reduced computational cost.
Researchers predict that Alaska will experience a significant increase in thunderstorms by the end of the century, with storms becoming more frequent and intense, especially in southern regions. This shift is driven by warming temperatures and ice-free waters around Alaska, which will fuel atmospheric moisture.
A third of patients with COVID-19 did not have another health condition before contracting the virus, highlighting the need to protect those with pre-existing conditions. This study suggests that repealing Affordable Care Act protections for pre-existing conditions could further increase health disparities among people of color.
Members from underrepresented groups in German Bundestag are more active in legislative process but tend to move on after few years due to career-related incentives. They often focus on group interests initially, then shift to broader topics for greater power and appeal.
Research in the Lower Gunnison River Basin found that selenium concentrations in fish prey were highest in April and August due to snowmelt and irrigation. This study highlights the importance of considering the timing of exposure to selenium, which can impair development and survival in aquatic species.
A recent study found that enrolling Black patients on the waitlist with slightly better kidney function could reduce racial disparities in transplant access. This approach aims to bridge the gap between Black and white patients' wait times before kidney failure, ultimately promoting greater equality in transplantation.
Purdue University scientists create ROUGHIE, a maneuverable underwater glider that can operate silently and efficiently in shallow seas. The glider's unique design allows it to follow complex paths and explore areas inaccessible to other underwater gliders.