Researchers tested a dugout canoe's feasibility for 30,000-year-old sea crossings in the Kuroshio Current. The experiment revealed strategic paddling strategies and a high level of seafaring knowledge among early modern humans.
A high protein diet has been shown to improve birds' immune function and tolerance to infection by triggering the expression of immune-related genes. Birds fed a high protein diet were more resistant to infection and showed reduced symptoms compared to those fed a high lipid diet.
Research at the University of Southampton reveals a single, asymmetric plume beneath the Afar region in Ethiopia, which is pulsing like a heartbeat. The team found distinct chemical signatures in volcanic rock samples, suggesting that the plume is dynamic and responsive to tectonic plate movement.
Researchers developed an electrochemical catheter hub that produces antimicrobial hypochlorous acid to kill off common bacteria responsible for hospital infections. The system could significantly reduce bloodstream infections, a major cause of death in North America and Europe.
A new study involving 121 former elite rowers from Australia found that one in five develops atrial fibrillation, a condition that can lead to stroke and heart failure. The researchers identified genetic and clinical tools that enable early preventive strategies, highlighting the paradox that AFib is more common among fit athletes.
The UC Davis-designed payload is a dynamic digital twin that models the current condition and predicts the future condition of the spacecraft's power system. The satellite will monitor its own health in space using sensors to assess voltage and measurements of the batteries it is running on.
A new survey conducted by Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found that only 1% of men are concerned about bone density, with cancer and heart disease being top concerns. Men can build back bone density through exercise, nutrition, and lifestyle changes, and early intervention can prevent deadly fractures.
A large global study found that women who experience severe bleeding after childbirth face an increased risk of cardiovascular conditions, including heart failure and ischemic heart disease, for up to 15 years. The study analyzed data from over 9.7 million women across Europe, North America, and Asia.
Researchers found that individual neurons have perplexingly complex responses, but their activity is shaped by a shared structure that ultimately guides the brain toward a unified choice. The findings offer deeper insight into fundamental brain function and how it goes awry in disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
A randomized controlled study of 103 participants aged 50-65 found that RMPY-008 reduced inflammation and improved emotional regulation, correlating with changes in brain connectivity. The results suggest broader clinical utility beyond cognitive health.
Researchers developed an AI model using FELA and machine learning techniques to assess uplift resistance in cohesive-frictional soils. The model identified embedment depth ratio, load inclination angle, and soil strength ratios as key factors affecting pipeline stability.
Researchers found high mercury levels in fish and shellfish consumed by lagoon residents, leading to systemic oxidative stress and metabolic alterations. The study's findings suggest a link between mercury contamination and chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension.
Rifaximin's long-term efficacy in managing hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is supported by reduced ammonia levels and improved cognitive scores. Low-dose regimens show comparable efficacy to standard doses while offering cost-effectiveness.
A study of 95 patients found that wrapping autologous tissue materials around anastomoses after airway reconstruction significantly reduced short-term postoperative complications. This technique may offer a positive effect on the prognosis of patients undergoing complex tracheobronchial resection and reconstruction.
Researchers have found that the cell nucleus acts as the pacemaker controlling yeast cell division. The 'pacemaker' controlling yeast cell division lies inside the nucleus rather than outside it, keeping the genome stable. This discovery could provide new insights into cell division and DNA replication.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a highly efficient amplifier that activates only when reading information from qubits. The amplifier consumes just one-tenth of the power consumed by the best amplifiers available today, reducing qubit decoherence and laying the foundation for more powerful quantum computers.
A new analysis examines the effectiveness of a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) add-on code targeting infectious disease (ID) physicians. The measure aims to combat the growing shortage of ID physicians and has the potential to reset national benchmarks for ID compensation.
A global report urges better care for newborns to improve survival and long-term health, citing significant challenges in leadership, collaboration, regulation, and funding. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Commission on the future of neonatology recommends increased investment in research and development to address these issues.
Researchers discover vitamin C promotes epidermal thickening by reactivating genes essential for skin cell growth, suggesting a promising treatment for thinning skin in older adults. Vitamin C supports active DNA demethylation by sustaining TET enzyme activity.
A cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan usually takes anywhere from 30 to 90 minutes. The AI-assisted model developed by Mizzou researchers can turn low-quality MRI heart scans into high-quality images in less time, while improving patient experience and reducing costs.
The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) has issued a position statement on emerging therapies for neurological conditions. The statement emphasizes the importance of rigorous investigation, shared decision making between patients and neurologists, and FDA review before taking a definitive position. This guidance aims to facilitate conv...
A new AI model has been developed to detect and localize breast cancer in MRI images, outperforming existing automated tools. The model's performance is comparable to that of specialized radiologists, making it a promising method for early detection and improving patient outcomes.
A new study by researchers at the University of Oregon found that hot-water immersion helped lower blood pressure and boost the immune system, while also improving vascular health. The study compared the physiological effects of soaking in a hot tub to sitting in a traditional dry heat sauna or a far-infrared sauna.
Researchers analyzed single-cell transcriptomes from early, middle, and late stages of AD to identify subtle shifts in cellular activity. They found that mitochondria in vulnerable brain areas began to fail early in the disease, even before amyloid plaque buildup. The study also identified a gene called MEG3 involved in regulating mito...
Researchers have discovered that supplementing with isobutyrate eases intestinal inflammation and restores gut balance in a pig model of colitis. The study shows that isobutyrate shifts the microbiome toward beneficial bacteria, reduces diarrhea and bleeding, and strengthens the intestinal barrier.
A study by researchers from the University of Zurich found that humans are the most frequent users of child-directed speech among five species of great apes. However, non-human great ape infants may acquire language through surrounding communication and gestures, similar to human children.
A year-long intervention program in Japan has shown promising results in reducing depressive symptoms among high school students. The Mastery of Interpersonal Relationships and Emotional Skills (MIRaES) program addresses practical constraints to provide a feasible universal prevention approach for school settings.
A new study by psychologists, linguists, and policy experts reveals that policymakers and drinkers have different ways of framing alcohol consumption. The findings suggest that policies must reflect real-life behaviours and motivations to make a meaningful difference.
A new study published in Lancet Global Health found that nearly half of hospital patients in Malawi and Tanzania have multiple chronic diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, and HIV. This increases the risk of end-organ diseases and premature death.
A 40,000-year-old boomerang made from mammoth tusk has been discovered in a Polish cave, pushing back the known age of such artifacts in Europe. The analysis of this artifact provides new insights into the chronology of the Early Upper Paleolithic period.
Dr. Deepak Rao's groundbreaking research reveals an unknown imbalance in immune cells contributing to lupus, identifying a potential target for restoring immune system regulation. The discovery provides a promising new direction for therapeutic development and brings the Lupus Research Alliance one step closer to targeted therapies.
A study of Iowa's birth records and county-level nitrate measurements found a link between prenatal nitrate exposure and increased preterm birth and low birthweight babies. The study suggests that current regulatory standards may be insufficient to protect against the risks of nitrate exposure.
The study found that 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccines provide additional protection against medically attended COVID-19 and critical illness. These results highlight the significance of receiving recommended COVID-19 vaccinations for adults 18 years or older, contributing to improved public health outcomes.
A comparative whole genome analysis of 240 fish species found a strong correlation between loss of the chorion-hardening system and parental egg-care. The team's findings suggest that the loss of key genes, such as alveolin, contributes to this evolutionary bias.
Researchers found a positive correlation between exposure to black carbon and the likelihood of hospital visits for respiratory-related issues, particularly among older adults and women. The study also highlights the disproportionate impact of air pollution on certain populations.
Research found that athletes with a BMI equal to or above 30 have increased inflammatory biomarkers, more severe concussion symptoms, and worse cognition following a concussion. The study suggests that body composition should be considered when determining the best recovery protocol after a concussion.
The ITU-UNICEF initiative has established a new base in Geneva to connect every school to the Internet by 2030. The centre hosts training and support for governments to meet their digital development goals, promoting inclusive education.
Stanford researchers measured biomass of ocean life over the past half-billion years, finding a generally increasing trend. The study aligns with evidence for a rise in marine biodiversity and suggests an evolutionary connection between biomass and biodiversity.
Researchers successfully engineered oilseed crop Camelina to produce high levels of astaxanthin, a valuable red antioxidant used to color farmed salmon and shrimp. The plant-derived pathway proved more efficient and cleaner than earlier bacterial methods, reaching over 47 micrograms per gram of seed.
Babies as young as eight months old can adapt their learning strategies in response to changing environments, says Francesco Poli of Radboud University Nijmegen. This flexible ability may be linked to later anxiety or depression in life.
A study from PLOS found that affectionate behavior is associated with higher relationship satisfaction across cultures. However, cultural differences impact how affection is displayed and perceived in relationships.
The TUdi project develops Decision Support Tools (DSTs) to help farmers monitor soil health, track changes over time, and support informed decision-making. A Socio-Economic Toolkit for Soil Restoration (SEST) also assists farmers in making strategic decisions by analyzing economic impacts of soil restoration strategies.
A six-year study reveals betaine's role in orchestrating body-wide geroprotective signals, countering aging through inflammation regulation and immune system rejuvenation. Betaine supplementation replicates exercise benefits, including alleviating cellular aging and slashing inflammation systemically.
In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers have identified three new species of frogs in the Cordillera de Huancabamba highlands. The study reveals that these secretive creatures possess unique characteristics, such as prominent tubercles on their bodies and adaptations to the harsh environment.
Researchers from The University of Osaka found that Japanese macaques remain close to and care for their dying companions, displaying human-like reactions. The study reveals strong social bonds can affect behavior even after death, suggesting emotional capacities in non-human primates.
Researchers found that disposable e-cigarettes release higher amounts of metals and metalloids than older refillable e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes. The study highlights the need for urgency in enforcement due to hazardous levels of neurotoxic lead and carcinogenic nickel, antimony, and other substances.
The Global Virus Network has added two new Centers of Excellence, the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in Brazil and the University of Florida College of Medicine in Florida. These institutions bring expertise in viral genomics, vaccine development, and clinical testing to the network.
The American Medical Association (AMA) emphasizes the importance of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy, citing benefits and risks. Physicians should counsel patients on vaccine safety, considering individual factors and potential risks.
A team of researchers from the University of São Paulo identified agrin as a crucial protein in maintaining bone mass and quality. The study found that osteocytes produce agrin, which plays an essential role in preserving bone health. Without agrin, bone tissue becomes less dense and more fragile, making bones susceptible to fractures.
A global report highlights the need for better platforms for drug and medical device development, as well as cross-sector engagement, to reduce newborn deaths. The report also emphasizes the importance of innovative approaches to address challenges in leadership, collaboration, regulation, and funding in neonatology.
A new study published in the Annals of Family Medicine has found that body mass index (BMI) is not a reliable predictor of future health risks and heart disease mortality. In contrast, bioelectrical impedance analysis, which measures body fat directly, was shown to be significantly more accurate, with individuals having high body fat l...
A novel technique has been developed to estimate microbial biomass in soils using water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) from air-dried samples. The study found a strong correlation between WEOM measurements and microbial biomass carbon content, indicating its potential as a reliable estimate.
Dr. Tony Hunter has made a groundbreaking discovery in cancer research, revealing the process of tyrosine phosphorylation that transformed cancer treatment. His work has led to the development of targeted therapies using tyrosine kinase inhibitors, saving millions of lives worldwide.
The BRACELET-1 trial demonstrated a 20% objective response rate and 12.1-month progression-free survival for patients with unresectable HR+ HER2- tumors, suggesting that adding pelareorep to paclitaxel chemotherapy warrants further investigation in metastatic breast cancer.
Researchers challenge claims of an incestuous ruling elite in Neolithic Ireland, citing a lack of evidence and unsuitable comparisons. The study argues that burial practices were not strictly determined by lineage, but rather reflect the community's social dynamics.
A new study by UBC Okanagan found that watching videos of therapy dogs can significantly reduce stress among participants, regardless of age. The virtual canine comfort modules were designed to mimic an in-person experience and are ideal for those with barriers to accessing traditional mental health support.
A new international study provides deep insights into the genomes of superorganisms by analyzing the genetic basis of ant evolution. The researchers sequenced and compared the genomes of over 140 ant species, uncovering a series of evolutionary innovations that led to the emergence of distinct queen and worker castes.
Researchers explore various methods for carbon capture utilization and storage, including enhanced oil recovery technology and novel materials. Studies also investigate geological storage formations and safety issues related to CO2 storage in reservoirs.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai created a lifelike model of motor neurons that die in patients with ALS, allowing them to detect differences between healthy and diseased cells. The study suggests that excessive glutamate signaling may be a contributing factor to the disease.
A new Policy Brief by UNU-INWEH reveals that expanding irrigation correlates with higher dietary diversity among children under five in regions where water resources are already under severe stress. Despite this association, nearly one-third of gains occurred in areas exceeding renewable freshwater supplies.