A new nanovaccine platform utilizes bacterial lipidation to enhance mucosal immune response against viruses. The lipoSC-RBDST nanovaccine elicits robust secretory IgA and lung-resident memory T cells, providing long-lasting immunity for at least eight months.
A new study from the University of Rochester found that social media algorithms can reinforce echo chambers, but introducing randomness can help reduce this effect. By exposing users to a broader range of perspectives, algorithms can weaken feedback loops and promote more open-minded views.
Researchers developed Microbiome Elastic Feature Extraction (MEFE) to identify microbiome biomarkers by incorporating phylogenetic, taxonomic, and functional relationships among microbes. MEFE outperformed existing methods in accurately identifying relevant microbial signatures.
A massive genome-wide association study identified 58 genetic variants associated with increased anxiety risk, pointing to 66 genes involved in stress response. The study also found strong genetic overlap with depression, neuroticism, and PTSD, underscoring the shared biology behind emotional distress.
Professor Jeffrey S. Rosenschein has been awarded the IFAAMAS Influential Paper Award for his foundational work on rules of encounter, introducing game theory and mechanism design to interactions among self-interested agents. This recognition highlights the long-standing impact of his research on the global AI community.
Researchers at KAIST have developed an AI model that understands chemical principles to predict molecular structures, achieving up to 20 times higher accuracy than existing models. This technology can speed up research and development in various fields, including new drug development and material creation.
A UCalgary study found that adding high doses of vitamin B3 to the treatment plan may help rejuvenate compromised immune cells to kill tumour cells. The clinical trial showed promising results, with 82% of participants free of cancer progression at six-months.
A Dartmouth study found that plasmids can form tight clusters within bacterial communities, making them resistant to antibiotics and clinical treatments. This phenomenon introduces a new avenue for bacterial infections to become more difficult to treat.
A new study by Tokyo University of Science found that floods are the biggest drivers of plastic pollution in rivers, increasing microplastic and mesoplastic concentrations by orders of magnitude. The research highlights the need to include high-flow events when assessing plastic emissions.
The University of Missouri has launched its first human clinical trial using Eye90 microspheres, a radiopharmaceutical breakthrough device manufactured on campus. The study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of Eye90 in treating unresectable liver tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic colorectal cancer.
Researchers at IISc have developed a new gate stack that cuts gate leakage by up to 10,000 times, improving threshold stability and reaching high gate breakdown voltages. The advancements enable GaN technology adoption in high-reliability applications.
A recent study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that higher fat diets were more harmful than high-carbohydrate diets, even when fiber supplementation was added. Mice on high-fat and ketogenic diets experienced weight gain, liver damage, and other negative health effects, while those on a high-carbohydrate diet did not.
A novel AI method enhances emotion cause extraction, enabling machines to understand nuanced triggers behind human emotions. The approach integrates coreference resolution and task alignment techniques, improving detection accuracy with fewer data samples.
The 4th annual symposium of Project CHANGE will focus on addressing Japan's future healthcare workforce shortage, particularly the nursing shortage, through collaboration with engineering. The event will feature a keynote speech by Prof. Sei-Kwang Hahn and presentations on nursing engineering.
A study found that dogs and cats carry an invasive flatworm species, Caenoplana variegata, which is facilitated by their sticky mucus. This discovery highlights the role of household pets in spreading invasive species globally.
Chemists at UMass Amherst demonstrated that the soft gate regulating electrical flows in BK channels is inherently leaky, meaning it can't absolutely stop the flow of ions. This discovery points to a method for understanding how these channels work and malfunction.
The substance-energy network is a strategic concept for China's energy system transformation, integrating power grids and pipeline networks for flexible and resilient energy systems. It provides solutions for large-scale renewable energy consumption and high-reliability energy security.
A modern code for HTGR thermal-hydraulic design and accident analysis has been developed to improve reactor safety. DAYU3D enables 3D neutron kinetics simulations and advanced radiation heat transfer calculations, significantly enhancing computational capability.
Researchers discovered that highly 'stiff' red blood cells play a crucial role in sickle cell disease, causing blockages and pain. The study's findings could lead to more effective, personalized therapies and new testing for early warning of symptoms.
The Marker-GMformer model, a lightweight deep learning approach, accurately predicts lower limb biomechanics with high correlation coefficients (>0.97) and low RMSE values (1.95° for joint angles). It offers real-time inference suitable for applications requiring fast feedback, such as robotic control and monitoring.
A new study identifies the most infectious strains of Staphylococcus aureus in neonatal intensive care units and suggests specific strategies for prevention and control. The research provides a critical blueprint for precision surveillance and aims to reduce infections in vulnerable newborns.
A global study found that ropeginterferon alfa-2b controls essential thrombocythemia effectively, improves symptoms and reduces serious complications in patients who can't use hydroxyurea. The therapy is expected to be approved for treatment of high-risk blood cancer.
Researchers at Oregon State University developed a new nanoparticle that enables the removal of melanoma tumors with a low-power laser. The system uses resonance energy transfer to heat up and destroy cancer cells without harming healthy tissue.
A comprehensive sectional classification of the Clematis genus has been established using robust phylogenomic evidence. The analysis identified 22 well-supported evolutionary clades and revised the infrageneric taxonomy into 22 distinct sections, resolving long-standing taxonomic ambiguities.
JUNO unveils an immersive VR-based visualization framework for complex detector geometries and event information, transcending traditional methods. The Unity-powered platform enables precise control and interaction within a three-dimensional space, facilitating comprehensive inspection of detector structures and physics events.
A recent study from Tohoku University found that adults with an anterior crossbite are at a higher risk of tooth loss. The research team analyzed data from over 17,000 adults and discovered that anterior crossbite is linked to a higher prevalence of tooth loss, particularly in older age groups. In contrast, adults with an anterior open...
A survey by the Annenberg Public Policy Center found that a strong majority of Americans view the MMR vaccine as safe relative to other vaccines. However, the number of people holding this view is below the threshold required for community immunity, which is worrisome.
A large-scale study found that people with one condition are more likely to develop the other due to shared genetic risk factors. The researchers identified five clusters of DNA variants related to metabolic syndrome and vascular dysfunction, alongside an inverse pattern of diabetes and blood-pressure risk.
A new study suggests that emergency departments may be able to take meaningful steps during visits to help older adults stay safer once they return home. Researchers found that bedside pharmacy and physical therapy consultations yielded individualized recommendations, including mobility aids and medication adjustments.
A study found that shelterbelts in agricultural wetland landscapes reduce grassland species and wetland biodiversity, creating a trade-off for bird communities. The research suggests that agri-environmental policies must balance structural complexity with ecological needs of open-habitat species.
A breakthrough study has discovered a genetic defect that weakens the esophageal lining, making it vulnerable to acid damage. The discovery offers new hope for esophageal cancer patients and provides a potential screening tool for family members at high risk of developing the condition.
A new study provides a refined framework for understanding biotic evolution immediately preceding the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction in South China. The study reveals diverse shallow marine biotas in the region and reconstructs the regional ecosystem with high resolution.
A new Concordia-led study found that CEOs who experienced natural disasters in childhood tend to run firms with better workplace safety records. The research analyzed data from over 500 CEOs and found that these executives' companies reported significantly fewer work-related injuries.
A one- and three-month antibiotic treatment regimens both had few adverse reactions and high rates of completion in preventing active tuberculosis, says a new study published in PLOS Medicine. The regimens were deemed successful and neither proved superior to the other.
Researchers have developed pulsed dynamic electrolysis to optimize mass transfer, microenvironment regulation, and hydrogen production. PDE achieves significant energy consumption reductions of 20%–35% compared to conventional methods.
The Merck Foundation grant will support a new primary care initiative focused on the cardiovascular health of formerly incarcerated Black men in Chicago. The program aims to provide integrated, comprehensive care that addresses high blood pressure and reduces the risk for heart attacks and strokes.
A 11-year study of Alaska's state-wide cash distribution program found no connection between direct cash payments and serious injury or death. The study considered all traumatic injuries and deaths over a longer period than previous research, examining the effects of providing cash transfers to an entire state.
A novel technical approach employs high-energy electrons to directly irradiate a flowing molten salt target containing natural uranium, generating 99Mo primarily through the photofission reaction of 238U. This method mitigates nuclear proliferation risks and offers substantial advantages in terms of material security.
ResearchGate and Pensoft Publishers announce the expansion of their Journal Home partnership, now covering 40+ journals affiliated with well-known institutions. The partnership provides increased visibility and engagement opportunities for smaller and niche research journals.
The article highlights the psychological demands of self-driving cars on human brains, citing Professor McLeod's research and personal experience. He emphasizes the need for clearer interfaces, simulation-based training, and updated driving tests to address these challenges and ensure safe automation uptake across society.
The journal Current Genomics is now open for submissions, covering modern genome science and its applications in systems biology, bioinformatics, and machine learning. Researchers can submit original research and reviews on human diseases, clinical genomics, precision medicine, and plant genomics.
Researchers developed a new nickel-iron battery that can recharge in seconds and achieve over 12,000 cycles of draining and recharging, equivalent to 30 years of daily recharges. The technology uses tiny clusters of metal patterned with proteins on a graphene aerogel substrate.
Scientists have identified the FOXO1-KLHL6 axis as a novel therapeutic target to enhance T cell-mediated immune response against tumors. The research found that persistent T cell receptor signaling suppresses the transcription factor FOXO1, leading to the downregulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase KLHL6 and promoting T cell exhaustion.
Researchers at Shandong Agricultural University identified the Green Revolution allele Rht-D1b as a major regulator of tiller angle in wheat, which improves canopy structure and light interception. Moderate expression of Rht-D1b under its native promoter optimizes grain yield per plant, providing new genetic tools for breeders to fine-...
Exercise has a medium-sized effect on depression symptoms and a small to medium-sized effect on anxiety symptoms, with aerobic formats being the most effective for relieving depression. All forms of exercise are as good as or better than medication or talking therapies for easing symptoms, regardless of age or sex.
Researchers focus on system-level resilience and long-term biological coordination to understand aging as a loss of coordination between biological systems. Studies show how mitochondrial signaling influences inflammation in senescence and microbiota–brain interactions shape aging trajectories.
A cohort study found combined GLP-1RA and progestin therapy reduces endometrial cancer risk in women with benign uterine pathology or endometrial hyperplasia. The study suggests potential benefits of this treatment approach for nonmalignant uterine diseases.
A recent rat study identified the neural mechanism underlying chills, a cold sensation that supports the body's response to infection. The findings suggest that prostaglandin E₂ boosts cold signals from the lateral parabrachial nucleus to the central nucleus of the amygdala, triggering chills and promoting warmth-seeking behavior.
Researchers developed wearable devices that track hydrogen levels in flatus to better understand gut microbial metabolism. The Human Flatus Atlas project aims to establish normal ranges for flatulence production, helping to identify excessive gas complaints and inform dietary interventions.
Wachs was recognized for his work on mixed oxide catalysts that guide the rational design of solid catalysts for air pollution remediation, sustainable energy, fuels, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. His election to the NAE honors his contributions to chemical engineering and the modern field of operando molecular spectroscopy.
A new study provides practical guidance for cleaner energy production by comparing open burning, kilowatt scale grate combustion, megawatt scale grate combustion, and circulating fluidized bed boiler technology. Biomass combustion remains a widely used thermochemical pathway, but it can release harmful gaseous pollutants. The research ...
Researchers propose a novel framework called RoLT to detect and address label noise in long-tail data. The framework incorporates soft pseudo-labeling with label distribution to enhance training for tail classes, leading to improved model performance compared to existing methods.
Researchers found Launaea nudicaulis extract improved gastric conditions, lowering acid concentration and increasing pH levels. The study suggests the plant's potential as an alternative to proton pump inhibitors for peptic ulcer treatment.
Eva Vailionis, a cancer genetic counselor at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, has been awarded the 2026 ACMG Foundation Genetic Counselor Best Abstract Award. Her abstract on TMEM127 pathogenic variants presents key findings on prevalence and tumor characteristics in patients with these variants.
Researchers used AI to analyze RNA sequences from patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), uncovering four distinct molecular patterns or 'endotypes' that drive disease. These patterns suggest different immune system behaviors and may require tailored treatments, offering a more personalized approach to APS care.
A new study suggests that AI can help doctors detect serious heart valve disease years earlier, potentially saving thousands of lives. The AI algorithm correctly identified 98% of patients with severe aortic stenosis and 94% of those with severe mitral regurgitation.
New research reveals that anthropogenic noise impacts bird behavior, physiology, and reproduction, highlighting the need for solutions to reduce and manage noise. By synthesizing data from over 150 studies, the study identifies predictable effects of noise pollution on birds, including increased stress hormones in urban areas.
A new study reveals that both non-native and native birds play a key role in the transmission of avian malaria, which has contributed to the extinction of over a dozen species of Hawaii's native birds. The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes and infects birds' red blood cells, leading to low blood oxygen levels and damage to organs.
A research team has developed a 'SUPER' platform that utilizes synthetic small RNAs as add-on controllers for genetic switches. This technology enhances the performance and stability of gene regulatory devices by addressing the issue of 'leakage', where genes continue to express at low levels even in the 'OFF' state.
New machine-learning tools significantly improve phishing site detection accuracy, surpassing 95% precision/recall. The study evaluates ten classifiers across three public datasets using URL, domain, and content features.