Scientists discovered two green tea compounds, EGCG and EGC, that inhibit the aryl hydrocarbon (AH) receptor, a molecule linked to cancer. The findings suggest that green tea may exert its anti-cancer activity through multiple pathways.
Researchers at OHSU found significant differences in free-base nicotine levels among 11 commercial cigarette brands, with some containing up to 36% free-base nicotine. The study's findings have implications for understanding the addictiveness of different tobacco products and may guide future research.
Researchers discover a new class of proteasome inhibitors that change the shape of the protein-digesting enzyme, leading to reduced activity and selective protein degradation. This finding has implications for treating diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
Researchers found that juvenile and adult amphibians retain contaminants like selenium and strontium through metamorphosis, transferring them into terrestrial food webs. The study highlights the importance of understanding contaminant transfer in aquatic-terrestrial ecosystems.
New research reveals that baby albatrosses are still eating lead-based paint chips from buildings around the island, leading to severe poisoning. The study found a high rate of droopwing chicks and potential risks for human children on the island.
Researchers used lead isotope ratios to identify the source of lead poisoning in albatross chicks on Midway. The study found that chicks are eating paint chips directly, leading to high levels of toxic metal in their blood, causing symptoms like droopwing.
Studies found that increasing TBP levels can contribute to oncogenesis, while p53 acts as a tumor suppressor by reducing TBP's effective concentration. These findings have implications for the development of new cancer treatments and therapies.
Research found that short-term exposure to ethynylestradiol reduces sperm fertilization capacity in adult male trout. The study showed a 50% decrease in fertility with 10 nanogram per liter of ethynylestradiol, highlighting the potential impact on fish populations.
A study found that over half of illicitly distilled moonshine samples contained high levels of lead, a toxic substance that can harm those who abuse it. The researcher hopes to raise awareness about the dangers of drinking moonshine.
A recent study found that whey protein increased glutathione levels in human prostate cells by up to 64%, potentially protecting against prostate cancer. Whey contains the amino acid cysteine, essential for producing glutathione, which helps control free radicals.
Researchers at UW-Madison have successfully created the world's first knockout rats using a novel combination of techniques, enabling further study of breast cancer and potential treatments. The development restores the rat as a key model for biomedical research, leveraging its genetic flexibility to gain insights into various diseases.
Researchers discovered that 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) inhibits the proliferation of human prostate cancer cells by acting as a powerful anti-androgen. DIM, found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, decreases PSA levels and blocks the effects of androgen on cancer cells.
Recent studies investigate the toxic potential of ultrafine and fine particles, finding worsening health outcomes for people with chronic heart and lung disease. Exposure to small particles also contributes to increased risk of emergency visits, hospitalizations, and death.
A recent study published in the International Journal of Cancer found a link between arsenic exposure and suppressed expression of DNA repair genes. The researchers discovered that individuals with elevated arsenic levels had lower levels of certain genes involved in nucleotide excision repair, which helps protect against DNA damage.
A recent study by Queen's University researchers has found a link between trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure and male infertility. TCE, used in various industrial applications, is metabolized in the human reproductive tract and can adversely affect sperm development.
A landmark analysis found that oxycodone was involved in only a small percentage of drug abuse deaths, with multiple drugs present in most cases. The study suggests that abusing opioids with other substances increases risk and calls for enhanced classification methods.
A new study reveals that mercury in California rainwater originates from industrial emissions in Asia, particularly coal combustion and ozone production. High concentrations of mercury were found in coastal and inland sites, with urban smog influencing the oxidation rate.
Sporn's groundbreaking research on chemoprevention has revolutionized the field of cancer prevention, exploring novel approaches to prevent or treat cancer. His work has led to strategies with vast potential for reducing cancer incidence and death, and continues to inspire new directions in cancer prevention research.
Researchers found that Nocaine is a weak reinforcer, providing some of cocaine's effects but at a lower level. This makes it less likely to be abused and have abuse-related toxicity.
A study examines the potential of pharmacogenomic testing to help drug-treatment centers select suitable treatment regimens for opiate-addicted patients. The research investigates genetic polymorphisms affecting opioid metabolism, aiming to improve pain management and drug-abuse treatment.
The new Center for Dietary Supplement Research at the University of Iowa will investigate the health benefits and safety of Echinacea and St. John's wort. This research aims to advance knowledge on botanicals, including their effectiveness, safety, and biological action.
A University of Illinois study found that sunlight and PCB exposure enhance the development of non-melanoma skin cancer on parts of the body not directly exposed to the sun. Mice exposed to both sunlight and PCBs developed tumors, while those with only PCB exposure did not.
Researchers at The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth have identified a genetic switch that turns on a program to destroy leukemic cells and potentially other tumor cells. This target gene, called UBE1L, mimics the action of retinoic acid, which causes remissions in acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Research shows that alcohol consumption can increase cancer risk by impairing DNA repair processes, leading to genetic damage and mutations. Acetaldehyde, a metabolite of alcohol, is identified as the primary culprit in this process.
A double-blind study conducted in China found that chlorophyllin supplements reduced DNA damage related to aflatoxin exposure in healthy adults. The study showed a 55% reduction in aflatoxin damage, which could lead to a lower risk of liver cancer.
Canadian researchers found high levels of PhIP, a suspected mammary carcinogen, in human breast milk, particularly in samples from women who consumed grilled meats. To minimize exposure, experts recommend reducing cooked meat intake, avoiding charbroiled or well-done meats, and exploring alternative cooking methods.
Researchers at the University of Illinois discovered that estrogen regulates fluid reabsorption in the male reproductive tract by triggering a protein involved in sodium transport. This finding suggests that blocking estrogen receptors could provide a new target for developing effective contraceptives for men.
The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) has established a network to provide clinical researchers with access to human gene vectors and toxicology studies. Seven NIH components will participate in the network, which aims to eliminate barriers to gene transfer research.
Researchers aim to identify genetic differences that make people more susceptible to environmental hazards, with a focus on cancer development and birth defects. The consortium will use genomic approaches to monitor gene expression and predict individual risk based on genetic profile and environmental exposures.
Researchers investigated how men and women's livers respond differently to chronic ethanol consumption. The study found that female rats' ability to activate protective genes was impaired compared to males, increasing their risk of liver damage when exposed to the same amount of alcohol.
A study by UC Berkeley researchers found that a specific type of soy protein called lunasin can prevent the development of skin tumors in mice. The high dose group showed a 70% lower incidence of tumors compared to the control group, with fewer tumors per mouse and a two-week delay in appearance.
Researchers have discovered colchicine, a toxic substance, in the blood of human placentas, raising concerns about its potential impact on pregnancy. Expectant mothers should avoid taking Gingko biloba supplements due to the risk of complications.
Researchers found that a fish oil-rich diet protects against colon cancer, while a corn oil-diet appears to promote it. The scientists also discovered how cancer spreads among cells in the colon, with a new understanding of cell damage varying from bottom to top within crypts.
A new validated method measures HHMA in body fluids, establishing it as a likely contributor to Ecstasy's side effects. The detection of HHMA may provide new insights into the drug's effects and long-term toxicity.
A panel of seven renowned experts, including Henry Black and Jay Cohn, reviewed RESPeRATE's progress and results from six clinical studies. The board expressed excitement about the potential for breathing exercises to modify the cardiovascular system and further evidence of RESPeRATE's effectiveness as a non-drug option to lower high b...
A study of 170 pregnant women in treatment for drug dependency found that those with co-occurring alcohol problems have more severe psychological issues, including depression and anxiety. The findings highlight the need for universal screening and tailored treatment approaches to address these women's unique needs.
A USGS study links agricultural contaminants to declining amphibian populations in California's Sierra Nevada. Pesticides, such as chlorpyrifos and diazinon, were found to suppress enzyme activity in frogs, leading to population declines.
Researchers found that low-level manganese exposure accelerates Parkinson's symptoms in rats with pre-Parkinsonism, highlighting the need for further studies on toxic substance effects. Manganese toxicity targets different brain regions, exacerbating neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's.
Researchers discovered gold compounds emitting fluorescent light for one million times longer than expected. The light is trapped inside the compound, leading to various applications including detecting diseases and producing sensors. Gold's unique properties also make it effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis and cancer.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a DNA-based sensor that can detect lead ions in real-time. The sensor uses catalytic DNA with high metal ion selectivity and sensitivity to fluorescence detection, making it an ideal candidate for environmental monitoring and clinical toxicology applications.
A University of Florida study found that many calcium supplements contain lead, posing a risk to consumers who ingest high doses. The researchers recommend choosing lead-free brands and labeling products to minimize exposure.
A study published in PNAS reveals that lead contamination in San Francisco Bay will continue to affect the environment for decades due to the persistence of contaminated soils and sediments. Researchers found that lead from past gasoline emissions still accounts for most of the lead in water samples, with limited mobility out of the bay.
Researchers at Rosetta Inpharmatics used high-quality gene expression data and computational methods to identify novel gene functions. The company's approach enables the deciphering of previously uncharacterized genes, with applications in new drug discovery and development.
The National Toxicology Program (NTP) will review testing recommendations for future studies on DNA-based therapies, dietary supplements, and occupational chemicals. The agenda includes discussion of DNA-derived vaccines, gene therapies, and radio frequency radiation emissions from cellular phones.
Recent safety studies by the National Toxicology Program will be reviewed by a public meeting on May 18. The studies include chloral hydrate, napthalene, and indium phosphide.
Michael Czech, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, is being honored with the CIIT Founders' Award for his groundbreaking research on insulin's molecular action. He will speak on 'Fat as an Endocrine Organ: Target for Environmental Toxins' at the award ceremony.
The Long-Range Research Initiative (LRI) aims to advance chemical industry's research, with $100 million committed over 5 years in 10 areas. Drs. James S. Bus and Carol J. Henry will discuss LRI status and future directions.
Two CIIT researchers were honored for their scholarship by the Society of Toxicology. Dr. Li You was recognized for his work on the effect of DDE, while Dr. Thomas Gelzleichter received an award for his study on inhaled ceramic fibers. Additionally, CIIT Predoctoral Fellow Amy Collins Licata won a student award for her presentation on ...
Experts say independent scientific panels can provide valuable insights for judges in complex cases, helping them make fair judgments. A panel of scientists advised a judge on silicone breast implants and found no evidence of a link between the implants and connective tissue diseases.
Research funded by NIDA explores how craving tobacco increases urge to use illicit drugs. Studies found that smokers who use illegal drugs have a harder time quitting their drug habit than nonsmokers.
A new study at Oregon State University found that low levels of nitrate and nitrite in water can kill some species of amphibians, especially during their larval stages. The study suggests that water quality criteria set by the EPA may not guarantee the survival of all protected and endangered amphibian species.
Scientists generate mutant mice with disrupted estrogen receptors, resulting in adult female ovaries transforming into male-like cells. This discovery advances our understanding of the action of estrogen and its role in human fertility and cancer.
Neurobiologists identified an alcohol-sensitive potassium channel that enhances neurotransmitter action, producing profound physiological effects in the central nervous system. The discovery has significant implications for understanding alcohol addiction and may influence neuron communication.
A team of scientists at CIIT published an up-to-date risk assessment for cancer from inhaled formaldehyde, integrating the latest mechanistic knowledge and incorporating a two-stage clonal growth model. The new model predicts lower risks for environmental and workplace exposures compared to earlier models.
The American Chemical Society's March 26-30 meeting in San Francisco will feature presentations on emerging trends in chemistry, including anticancer therapies, endocrine disruptors, and new drug delivery techniques. More than 6,000 papers are expected to be presented to the 14,000 attendees.
The study found elevated levels of DDE and mercury in bald eagle eggs on Kiska Island, but not on other islands. Seabirds are thought to be the major source of contamination due to their diet rich in fish from contaminated water.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have found that melatonin speeds up bone formation and increases production of bone matrix proteins, suggesting a potential link to osteoporosis prevention. The study used mouse and rat cells to demonstrate the role of melatonin in promoting bone growth.
Two newly identified metabolites of the gasoline additive MTBE have been found in human urine samples. These findings suggest that humans are exposed to MTBE and its byproducts through inhalation, and that further research is needed to understand their impact on human health.
A special news briefing will be held on August 23rd to discuss the latest research on children's environmental health risks. The symposium, part of the American Chemical Society meeting, features a panel of experts who will share their findings on the dangers of chemicals in the environment and pet products.
Jeff Wheelwright, a renowned environmental writer, has won the American Chemical Society's James T. Grady-James H. Stack Award for Interpreting Chemistry for the Public. His work aims to ease public fears about chemicals in the environment and promote understanding of chemistry.