Researchers developed low-cost, mass-producible metamaterial tiles to absorb environmental emissions and improve telescope sensitivity. The tiles enabled unprecedented sensitivity in measuring the cosmic microwave background, transforming our understanding of the universe's beginning and evolution.
A new study using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory reveals that three galaxies colliding can lead to triple mergers with growing supermassive black holes. The research found one single, four double, and one triple merger system, shedding light on how these events shape galaxy growth.
Researchers on the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) project have detected a strong signal in their dataset, but cannot yet confirm it as the gravitational wave background. The team is hoping to pinpoint the source of the signal and gain insights into the universe through this discovery.
Researchers from NANOGrav used Arecibo Observatory and Green Bank Telescope to study pulsar signals, detecting minute changes in Earth's position possibly due to gravitational waves. The findings provide new insights into the universe and expand knowledge of gravity beyond current limits.
Researchers at the Max Born Institute developed a novel laser-driven X-ray source generating femtosecond copper K° pulses with unprecedented flux of 10^12 photons per second. This breakthrough enables investigating ultrafast structure changes in condensed matter by time-resolved X-ray scattering.
A team of researchers has analyzed data to infer the nature of compact object orbiting within LS 5039, the brightest gamma-ray binary system in the Galaxy. The team suggests that particle acceleration process is caused by interactions between dense stellar winds and ultra-strong magnetic fields of a rotating magnetar.
Astronomers detected near-infrared emission 10 times brighter than predicted, challenging conventional theories of short gamma-ray bursts. The observations suggest the possibility of a massive magnetar being formed after the merger of two neutron stars.
Researchers at NSLS-II are building a quantum-enhanced x-ray microscope to image biomolecules like never before, enabling superior resolution without sacrificing dose. The facility's ultrabright light will be harnessed through ghost imaging techniques to preserve sensitive samples.
Jefferson Lab has shipped the final new section of accelerator, called a cryomodule, for an upgrade of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The upgraded machine will accelerate electrons at superconducting temperatures to generate 1 million X-ray laser pulses per second.
The US National Science Foundation will decommission the 305-meter telescope at Arecibo Observatory due to catastrophic failure and long-term stability issues. The observatory's staff and visitors' safety is the top priority, and other parts of the facility will be preserved for future research.
Researchers have found a new magnetar with a pulsation period of 1.36 seconds, showing spin-down behavior suggesting rotation-powered pulsar emissions. The discovery reveals a missing link between magnetars and rotation-powered pulsars, providing new insights into neutron stars with high magnetic fields.
UC Riverside psychologist Chandra Reynolds leads a five-year research project to investigate cognitive stability and change across midlife transition in 1,400 participants. The study aims to identify predictors of cognitive maintenance, including genetic factors and lifestyle behaviors.
A team of researchers has precisely recorded the dependence of resonant magnetic scattering intensity on x-ray intensity using a ferromagnetic domain sample. They found that the loss in scattered x-ray intensity is due to transient demagnetization, not stimulated emission. This clarification has important ramifications for future singl...
The P-ONE initiative seeks to build a large-scale neutrino observatory in the Pacific Ocean to study high-energy cosmic particles. The project aims to uncover the origins of extragalactic neutrinos and potentially reveal the nature of dark matter.
Researchers have created a new kind of liquid scintillator by combining perovskite nanocrystals with organic molecules, enabling efficient X-ray detection and high-resolution imaging. The hybrid material outperforms conventional scintillators in terms of quantum yield and scintillation decay time.
The discovery of radio jets in the Phoenix Galaxy Cluster suggests that a supermassive black hole is actively heating intra-cluster gas, preventing star formation. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of galaxy evolution and coevolution.
Researchers at Florida State University have created a new material for X-ray scintillators that uses an organic manganese halide compound, eliminating the need for lead or heavy metals. This breakthrough technology could pave the way for more affordable and sustainable X-ray detectors.
Astronomers studied the galaxy's radio structure using VLBA, revealing a striking TIE fighter shape at 6.6 GHz. The team observed two periods of activity in TXS 0128+554, suggesting a lull in activity created a gap in the radio emission.
The James Webb Space Telescope successfully completed a critical ground segment test, demonstrating the complete end-to-end flow from planning science observations to downlinking data. This milestone validates the observatory's ability to respond to commands and function in space.
Researchers develop a non-toxic Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4In0.85Bi0.15Cl6 double perovskite scintillator for high-performance X-ray imaging with low doses, enabling high-resolution images in medical and industrial applications.
A team of researchers used Arecibo Observatory data and NASA's Fermi Large Area Space Telescope to detect a gamma-ray heartbeat coming from a cosmic gas cloud. The 'heartbeat' rhythm matches the precession of a black hole's jets, suggesting that the cloud's emission is powered by the microquasar.
The Arecibo Observatory successfully tracked asteroid 2020 NK1, determining its orbit and motion. The observations showed the asteroid poses no danger to Earth, with a closest approach in 2043. High-resolution images revealed an elongated shape and diameter of approximately 0.6 miles.
The new method uses a non-traditional imaging approach to achieve fast imaging speeds with high spatial resolution. It demonstrates the technique by creating an x-ray movie of a blade rotating at 100,000 frames per second.
The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has successfully produced its first X-ray beam using the upgraded LCLS-II facility, demonstrating significant advancements in X-ray technology. The new undulators offer dramatic new capabilities, including precise control of X-ray beams and unprecedented repetition rates.
The Gemini Observatory has detected a distant short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) with an optical afterglow, providing new insights into the merger of two neutron stars. The observation, made just hours after the burst's detection, revealed the SGRB's distance and placed it in the epoch of cosmic high noon.
Scientists from Osaka University have reduced X-ray free-electron laser beam diameter to 6 nanometers, enabling precise imaging of single virus particles and ultrafast chemical processes. This advancement improves the accuracy of measurements closer to the atomic level than previously possible.
Astronomers have discovered the second-most distant quasar, Pōniuā`ena, powered by a supermassive black hole 1.5 billion times more massive than our Sun. The discovery challenges current theories of how these massive black holes formed and grew in the young universe.
The James Webb Space Telescope has successfully tested its deployable tower extension, a critical component that allows the observatory to cool down and unfold in space. The test simulated zero-gravity conditions and performed exactly as predicted, providing valuable insights into the telescope's performance.
A team of Indian scientists has detected a broad-energy X-ray pulsation in the new source, classifying it as an ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar (ULXP). The object is thought to be a neutron star with a rotation period of up to 100 times per second.
The Hugo Observatory in Belgium coordinates the largest Horizon 2020-funded climate change and migration research project, HABITABLE, worth 6.8 million euros. The project explores how climate change affects migration patterns, introducing a new concept of social tipping points.
Scientists have found two new objects that, along with AT2018cow, represent a type of stellar explosion significantly different from others. The new explosions, called Fast Blue Optical Transients (FBOTs), share characteristics with supernovae and gamma-ray bursts but differ in important aspects.
Researchers have developed genetically-encoded X-ray-sensitive tags for site-specific labeling of protein-of-interest in mammalian cells. This enables endogenous labeling of diverse molecules and subcellular structures with an ultrahigh spatial resolution of ~30 nm. The high photostability of these tags allows long-term observation of ...
The James Webb Space Telescope has achieved a significant milestone by being fully folded and stowed into its launch configuration. The observatory will unfold and stretch itself out in space before making groundbreaking observations of the cosmos.
A new model explains the simultaneous origins of Fermi bubbles and galactic center biconical X-ray structure, with energy injection from a pair of jets emanating from Sgr A* five million years ago. The study suggests the total energy injected is comparable to 20,000 supernovae.
A new study from North Carolina State University has developed a fast and efficient radiation detector using single-crystal gallium oxide. The detector can monitor X-ray radiation in near-real time, making it suitable for applications such as medical imaging and security.
Researchers developed ultra-sensitive and stable X-ray detectors using 0D MA3Bi2I9 single-crystals, achieving low operating doses of 0.62 nGyair s-1 and high sensitivity comparable to 3D perovskite detectors. The discovery promises a promising X-ray detector candidate for medical applications.
Researchers used X-ray technology to analyze chainmail links from the Mary Rose, revealing their composition and extent of corrosion since recovery. The findings confirm the effectiveness of conservation techniques and hint at further history yet to be uncovered.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new class of X-ray detectors based on layered perovskites, which are 100 times more sensitive than conventional detectors. The detector can detect X-rays over a broad energy range, making it suitable for various applications such as medical imaging and airport security.
The Arecibo Observatory is tracking a near-Earth asteroid called 1998 OR2, which has unique topographic features that resemble a face mask. The asteroid's size and rotation period have been confirmed through observations, and monitoring its trajectory will help improve impact-risk mitigation technologies.
Astronomers have discovered a black hole weighing 50,000 times the mass of our Sun, offering the strongest evidence yet for intermediate-mass black holes in the universe. Hubble's observations confirmed that the object was tearing apart a star that passed too close, providing key evidence for its existence.
The James Webb Space Telescope has successfully deployed its primary mirror, a 21-foot 4-inch mirror that will collect light from observed objects. The deployment was performed in early March as part of the observatory's final tests before launch in 2021.
Researchers confirm Lorentz Invariance holds true at record-breaking high-energy gamma rays, extending the range where relativity's constant speed of light is valid. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory detected gamma rays from distant galactic sources, providing powerful proof of Einstein's theory.
Researchers used XMM-Newton space telescope data to search for a 3.5 keV X-ray emission line, a predicted signature of dark matter decay. No evidence was found, ruling out the signal strength by over an order of magnitude and challenging previous interpretations.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have identified a genetic signature combining certain maternal and fetal gene variants that are associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia. This genetic signature could be used to identify women at risk and prepare in advance to manage their condition.
Researchers used X-ray free-electron lasers to study the structural changes in polycrystalline gold thin films during laser-induced melting. The findings suggest that melting occurs preferentially at grain boundaries, resulting in a non-uniform process.
Scientists at DESY used an advanced X-ray combination technique to trace nanocarriers for tuberculosis drugs within cells with high precision. The method also revealed the calcium content in human bone, benefiting osteoporosis research.
Researchers have identified nine galactic sources of super-high-energy gamma rays with energies over 56 trillion electron volts, three of which emit gamma rays extending to 100 TeV and beyond. These discoveries help explain where high-energy particles originate and how they are accelerated.
Scientists have developed a new method to record extremely fast processes using X-ray lasers. By harnessing the random nature of these pulses, they can now create images with precisely controlled parameters. This breakthrough enables the study of non-linear effects and chemical reactions.
The NSF Vera C. Rubin Observatory will conduct a vast astronomical survey, mapping the Milky Way and probing dark energy and dark matter. Vera Rubin's groundbreaking work uncovered the existence of dark matter, making this observatory a fitting tribute to her legacy.
Astronomers use NASA's Great Observatories to create a three-dimensional representation of the dynamic Crab Nebula, an exploding star. The visualization highlights the pulsar at the heart of the nebula and its intricate structures.
Researchers propose a novel technique for efficient security detection using a spiral array of X-ray detectors, increasing detection depth and accuracy. The system can distinguish individual items within a suitcase, addressing limitations of traditional X-ray imaging.
Scientists have discovered a unique neutron star with an apparent magnetic field structure that manifests itself under specific angles relative to the observer. The study provides insight into the internal structure of the magnetic field, contradicting earlier assumptions and revealing new properties of neutron stars.
Researchers developed AI models for chest X-ray interpretation that can detect fractures, nodules, opacity and pneumothorax as effectively as experienced radiologists. The models were trained on large datasets and evaluated using a panel of radiologists to increase expert consensus and accuracy.
Researchers at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have invented a method called XLEAP to observe electron movements in chemical processes that take place in billionths of a billionth of a second. This technology will provide sharp views of electrons, driving crucial aspects of life and enabling breakthrough studies.
Researchers detected tera-electron volt radiation in the afterglow of GRB 190114C, a gamma-ray burst from a dying star. This validated their predictions and provided new insights into the extreme environment of gamma-ray bursts.
The detection of record-setting gamma-ray bursts by NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory has provided new insights into the mechanisms driving these events. The blasts produce an initial pulse of gamma rays, followed by afterglows that can be detected at longer wavelengths.
An international team of researchers has identified a previously unseen component of gamma-ray bursts, emitting trillions of times more energetic photons than visible light. The discovery supports the possibility that inverse Compton emission is commonly produced in gamma-ray bursts.
An international team of researchers has successfully detected a gamma-ray burst in very-high-energy gamma light, challenging current understanding of these phenomena. The detection was made using the H.E.S.S. telescope and reveals the presence of extremely accelerated particles that exist long after the explosion.
The MAGIC telescopes detected the first-ever TeV photons from a gamma-ray burst, providing critical new insights into the physical processes at work in these cosmic events. The discovery sheds light on the mysteries surrounding gamma-ray bursts and their energetic emissions.
Scientists have detected gamma-rays from two gamma-ray bursts with ground-based telescopes, producing energies up to 100 billion times that of visible light. The observations provide insights into the gigantic explosions and their physical mechanisms.