A new article reviews options for treating genitourinary syndrome of menopause, including low-dose vaginal estrogen therapy and pelvic floor physical therapy. Despite the availability of effective treatments, lack of awareness among healthcare providers and patients hinders reaching women with this condition.
A new study published in Nature Communications identifies the cells and genes necessary to make liver ducts in zebrafish, which could lead to the development of new treatments for Alagille syndrome. The research team discovered that Jagged signals come from an unexpected cell type, endoderm-derived cells within the liver itself, stimul...
Researchers have identified 13 new genetic risk variants for restless legs syndrome, a condition affecting up to one in ten people of European ancestry. The findings suggest that the condition may be related to neurodevelopmental disorders and offer clues for developing new treatments, including drugs like thalidomide.
Neuren Pharmaceuticals will conduct a Phase 3 clinical trial for trofinetide, showing promise in treating Rett syndrome symptoms in children and adults. The trial aims to provide a treatment that addresses the underlying biology of the disease.
A mouse study shows that cannabidiol treatment effectively reduces the severity and duration of seizures and their frequency. The study also found improvements in social interactions and reduced autism-like symptoms in mice with Dravet syndrome.
A new study estimates the numbers of children born annually with Down syndrome and the prevalence of the condition in each of the nine US states. The study found that live birth prevalence ranged from 1 in 729 to 1 in 1,256 across the states, while elective termination reduced the number of births by an average of 39%.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have developed a small molecule compound that works like the dimmer switch in an electrical circuit, relieving symptoms of Rett syndrome in mice. The study provides further evidence that a drug may be possible to treat this rare neurodevelopmental disorder in females.
A research team has identified two genes, NRXN1 and CNTN6, that are significantly modified in people with Tourette syndrome. These genes encode proteins involved in cell fusion in the nervous system and are linked to an increased risk of developing the condition.
A collection of articles on hereditary cancer syndromes, including Li-Fraumeni and Lynch syndromes, has been published in JAMA Oncology. The studies focus on the effectiveness of intensive cancer surveillance programs for individuals with these rare syndromes.
Researchers found a small-molecule drug improves synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and object location memory in Rett syndrome mice. The treatment also restored general locomotor activity to normal levels, offering hope for patients with neurodevelopmental disorders.
A clinical trial found that an Alzheimer's medication, galantamine, reduces inflammation and insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome. The study showed a 25% decrease in inflammatory markers and improved insulin levels.
A new study suggests that the small molecule LM22A-4 can improve spatial memory and motor skill defects in Rett syndrome mice by enhancing synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The treatment also shows promise for improving breathing problems associated with the disease.
A new study suggests that D-serine, a dietary supplement, improves neuronal function in a patient with atypical Rett syndrome. The treatment, which was developed using personalized algorithms, has shown promising results in improving motor and cognitive symptoms.
The study found deletions in NRXN1 and duplications in CNTN6 genes linked to an increased risk of Tourette syndrome. These genetic variants affect brain development and may contribute to the disease's progression.
A phase 2 clinical trial of scyllo-inositol found the treatment to be safe and tolerable in young adults with Down syndrome. The study suggests further investigation into its potential for treating Alzheimer's disease in this population.
Sylentis has begun a Phase III clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of SYL1001 in treating dry eye syndrome. The study aims to improve signs and symptoms of the condition, including chronic loss of lubrication and hydration on the ocular surface.
Researchers found that raising the age limit for Lynch syndrome genetic testing can detect new affected families who would not have been identified previously. This can lead to a reduction in deaths from the disease by over 60% over 15 years.
A new control mechanism for the Opitz syndrome gene has been discovered, revealing a previously unknown cell signaling pathway. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments targeting this pathway.
A study found that people with Down syndrome experienced nearly three times greater variability in autorefractor testing compared to a control group. This increased variability can lead to incorrect vision prescriptions and reduced chances of reaching the best possible refraction for those with Down syndrome.
Researchers used stem cells from patients with Angelman syndrome to identify the underlying cellular defects that cause the disorder. They found that brain cells fail to mature, disrupting synaptic connections critical for learning and cognitive development.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have discovered a new cause of high blood pressure, known as Connshing syndrome, which is characterized by the overproduction of both aldosterone and cortisol. This condition can lead to increased risk of heart attack and stroke, and may require additional treatment beyond current medications.
Rettsyndrome.org has funded six new research projects worth $775,000 to accelerate treatments and therapies for Rett syndrome. The projects focus on drug development and brain mechanisms underlying the disorder.
Researchers identified urinary biomarkers that distinguish between children with Down syndrome who have and don't have obstructive sleep apnea. The study found significant differences in biomarker signatures between all participants with Down syndrome and typically developing children, regardless of OSA presence or absence.
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors including abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and insulin resistance, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Overweight and obesity contribute to metabolic syndrome, affecting 1 in 3 adults and 40% of adults aged 40 and older
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered molecular details of Rett syndrome and related intellectual disabilities by studying protein interactions. The study sheds light on how flaws in key proteins can prevent brain function, paving the way for new treatments.
A Phase 2 clinical trial of trofinetide in girls with Rett syndrome aged 5-15 showed statistically significant clinical benefits, including improvements in the Rett Syndrome Behavior Questionnaire and Clinical Global Impression of Improvement. The high dose of trofinetide was well-tolerated with no dose-limiting effects observed.
A new study published in JOSPT found that physical therapy achieved results comparable to surgery outcomes for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Patients treated with physical therapy showed faster improvements and similar benefits at one year following treatment.
Researchers identify leiomodin-1 as a key protein in Nodding syndrome, an autoimmune disease linked to Onchocerca volvulus. The study suggests that the immune system mistakenly attacks brain cells containing this protein, leading to symptoms of the disorder.
Researchers found that high cortisol levels in hair samples tracked closely with standard diagnostic techniques for Cushing Syndrome. The study's findings suggest that hair analysis may prove useful as a less-invasive screening test or confirmatory tool for the condition.
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre have identified a new syndrome in mice with deleted Armc5 gene, characterized by adrenal gland abnormalities and immune system compromise. The study opens up new avenues for understanding and treating diseases linked to the ARMC5 gene.
A new study led by TSRI researchers discovered early brain changes in patients with Fragile X syndrome, a disorder affecting brain development. The study found that the mutation on the X chromosome triggers genome-wide DNA methylation changes, which may help explain similarities with autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers have discovered 30 genes as potential therapeutic targets for reversing Rett syndrome, a severe form of an autism spectrum disorder affecting approximately 15,000 girls and women globally. The study, led by Dr. Antonio Bedalov at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, aims to reactivate the silenced MeCP2 gene in affected individuals.
A study published in Frontiers in Physiology found that people living at higher altitudes (457-2297 meters) had a lower risk of developing Metabolic Syndrome, which contributes to heart disease and diabetes. The research suggests that high-altitude living may help improve heart and lung function, insulin sensitivity, and weight loss.
A new assessment tool combines parental questionnaires and inexpensive diagnostic procedures to rule out obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome. The tool showed high accuracy in identifying participants without moderate to severe OSA, potentially reducing the need for sleep studies.
A study at Columbia University Medical Center found that a missing CRKL gene causes kidney and urinary tract defects in people with DiGeorge syndrome. The team analyzed genomic data from over 2,600 children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory demonstrate how MECP2 mutations impair adult learning in female mice. They show that normal MECP2 gene expression is required for learning a natural behavior, and that impaired MECP2 expression causes a cascade of molecular failures leading to neural plasticity deficits.
Rettsyndrome.org has reached a milestone of $40 million in research funding for Rett syndrome treatments. The organization has funded over 40M in high-quality research grants and programs to date.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a potential treatment for Prader-Willi syndrome using G9a inhibitors. The study suggests that these small molecules can activate the maternal copy of the gene responsible for the disorder, leading to improved growth and lifespan in mice with Prader-Willi syndrome.
Researchers discovered that vitamin D deficiency contributes to metabolic syndrome progression in mice by disrupting gut bacteria balance. Vitamin D supplementation improves metabolic syndrome outcomes by recovering gut bacteria balance and reducing blood sugar levels.
The grant will support a new research program focused on 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, an incurable genetic disorder associated with delayed intellectual development and psychiatric conditions. Einstein's IDDRC will also provide critical support for dozens of ongoing studies in intellectual and developmental disabilities.
Scientists at SISSA have developed a method to stimulate genes to work twice as hard to compensate for missing genes, potentially treating diseases like Rett's syndrome by leveraging the gene's natural endogenous regulation
Researchers at the Forsyth Institute have defined the immune-regulatory mechanisms of Sjögren's syndrome, revealing how PD-L1 and PD-1 proteins interact to suppress protective immunity. The study found that inhibiting this pathway accelerates autoimmune responses and disease development.
A study published in the American Journal of Medical Genetics found that medical care costs for children with Down syndrome are less than $100 a month higher than those for typically developing children. The average monthly cost difference is lower when the child is older, ranging from $537 a year for children aged 13-18.
A deficiency of prohormone covertase (PC1) in the brain is linked to most neuro-hormonal abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome. The discovery provides insight into molecular mechanisms underlying the syndrome, highlighting a novel target for drug therapy.
Researchers found that children with Down syndrome did not experience higher rates of relapse or treatment-related mortality compared to other children treated on the same protocols. However, they suffered more treatment-related mucositis and infections. The study suggests that supportive care can help mitigate these complications.
A new study of U.S. adolescents has found an association between metabolic syndrome and impairments in reading, attention, and working memory. The researchers found that treatment can control and reverse metabolic syndrome, which may help reduce cognitive effects.
Researchers at Einstein College of Medicine are studying the genetic basis of congenital heart disease, with a focus on rare syndrome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. The goal is to discover why some individuals have severe disease while others have mild presentations.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research used precise genetic tools to track neurophysiological deficits resulting from Rett Syndrome. They found that recombinant human Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (rhIGF1) and bumetanide can reverse such deficits in a cell-type specific manner.
Rettsyndrome.org designates 14 US clinics as Clinical Research Centers of Excellence, fostering comprehensive care and partnering with families and healthcare providers. These centers accelerate research and treatment, providing critical support for individuals with Rett syndrome.
Researchers found that glial cells, including astrocytes, are impaired by the genetic defect and involved in symptoms of fragile X syndrome. The study suggests looking beyond neuronal effects to fully understand the disease.
A landmark study published in eLife reveals that trisomy 21 consistently activates the interferon response, leading to increased interferon-stimulated genes and lower protein synthesis. This discovery has significant implications for understanding Down syndrome and its characteristic features.
Researchers generated induced pluripotent stem cells from Nijmegen breakage syndrome patients and found that the P53 gene plays a crucial role in neural development, leading to cancer and neurological impairments. The study provides a powerful tool for understanding the disease and may lead to new treatments.
A new study estimated the number of people with Down syndrome in the US from 1950 to 2010, revealing a significant underestimation. The study found that the total number of individuals with Down syndrome was approximately 206,366 in 2010, with significant differences among ethnic and racial groups.
Dr. Hirofumi Kai's research focuses on inhibiting Alport syndrome progression, a progressive genetic kidney disease with high risk for kidney failure. The Alport Syndrome Foundation awarded $50,000 per year for two years to support his project on modeling AS in mice and humans.
A Georgia State University researcher is investigating how changes in intestinal bacteria may lead to obesity and metabolic syndrome. He aims to understand the role of dietary fiber in altering gut bacteria and promoting inflammation.
A new study reveals that Wolfram syndrome's mitochondrial dynamics impairment delays neuronal development, causing deafness, optic atrophy, and psychiatric disorders. The study highlights the causal role of regulating mitochondrial turnover in the disease's defects.
Two studies in mice reveal that rescuing MeCP2 activity in certain neurons can improve symptoms of Rett syndrome, with different types of neurons playing distinct roles. Researchers are now exploring drugs to improve inhibitory and excitatory neuron balance, offering new hope for potential therapies.
A new study confirms Homo floresiensis as a distinct species, contradicting earlier claims of Down syndrome in the 'Hobbit' skeleton LB1. The research analyzed features across the skeleton and found that LB1's brain was smaller than those with Down syndrome, and its skull shape and limb proportions were more archaic.
Researchers discovered a specific protein in spider venom that stimulates pain-sensing nerves, underlying abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome patients. Developing molecules to block this protein could lead to novel treatments for the condition.
A randomized controlled trial found that electroacupuncture combined with nighttime splinting improved symptoms of chronic carpal tunnel syndrome. The treatment provided small improvements in disability, function, and pinch strength among patients with mild to moderate symptoms.