A study found associations between urinary miRNAs and cardiorenal outcomes, including blood pressure and eGFR levels, in Mexican children. The researchers identified several miRNAs associated with kidney function, blood pressure, and electrolyte biomarkers.
A study published in Cancer found that nearly one-third of Black patients would not have qualified for liver cancer screening using common cirrhosis measures. The researchers also discovered that the tumors in Black patients tended to be larger, more numerous, and more invasive at diagnosis.
Mount Sinai researchers identified a neural pathway that detects errors and guides subsequent behavioral improvement, which is frequently dysregulated in psychiatric disorders. They also suggest that neurostimulation of this brain pathway could provide an important mechanism for attention adjustments following behavioral errors.
Researchers found that Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) maintain the skin-specific gene expression pattern necessary for proper development of the skin. The study suggests that targeting both complexes may be a more effective form of treatment for certain cancers.
A research team at Mount Sinai built a cellular model of acute myeloid leukemia progression using CRISPR, identifying potential therapeutic targets for early disease stages. The study may lead to improved biomarkers and novel treatments for AML.
Researchers found that wearable devices can identify COVID-19 cases up to seven days before diagnosis via nasal swab. The study also showed that HRV patterns normalize after diagnosis, allowing for timely interventions.
Girls who experienced emotional neglect or severe sexual abuse early in life reported riskier sexual behaviors during adolescence. The study identified four patterns of maltreatment that led to distinct trajectories of risky sexual behavior.
Researchers successfully transplanted human cadaver-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) into non-human primate models, showing promise for treating macular degeneration and blindness. The study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of this approach, paving the way for potential human clinical trials.
Researchers at Mount Sinai identified three major molecular subtypes of Alzheimer's disease using RNA sequencing data from over 1,500 brain samples. These subtypes were independent of age and disease stage and corresponded to different combinations of dysregulated biological pathways leading to brain degeneration.
A study conducted by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai found that repeated ketamine infusions significantly reduced symptom severity in individuals with chronic PTSD. The improvement was rapid and maintained for several weeks afterwards, suggesting this may be a promising treatment option for PTSD patients.
Researchers developed polygenic risk scores using genetic data from nearly 30,000 individuals, improving IBD predictions across European, Ashkenazi Jewish, Hispanic, and UK Biobank populations. Lower predictive power was seen in African ancestry due to smaller datasets and greater genetic diversity.
A study published in Thorax found that higher intake of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) from non-seafood meats is associated with increased wheezing in children. Researchers examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and found a significant link between AGE intake and respiratory symptoms.
Researchers found that targeting the fas protein can prevent cancer cells from escaping immunotherapies, leading to longer-lasting positive responses and improved survival rates. By combining immunotherapies with small molecule inhibitors, bystander tumor cell killing may be potentiated to eliminate antigen-loss variants.
A chimeric hemagglutinin (HA)-based vaccine targets the proximal part of the HA protein, neutralizing diverse influenza virus strains. The vaccine has produced strong and durable results in early-stage clinical trials, eliminating the need for revaccination.
A comprehensive analysis of proteins, genes, and RNA transcription in pediatric brain tumors has provided new understanding of these tumors. The study identified two distinct subgroups of pediatric craniopharyngioma with potential therapeutic avenues for treatment.
Researchers identified new molecular mechanisms driving late-onset Alzheimer's Disease and a promising therapeutic candidate, ATP6V1A, which improved neuronal function when normalized. The study also found potential broad neuroprotective effects for ATP6V1A.
Researchers found a vaccine created to prevent melanoma recurrence is about twice as effective when patients receive two immune-boosting components, Flt3L and poly-ICLC. This combination nearly doubled the vaccine's efficacy in promoting antibodies and T cells that can later fight melanoma.
A phase 2 study found that evinacumab reduced LDL cholesterol by 50% in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia resistant to standard treatments. The therapy works through a different mechanism than existing drugs and shows promise for treating refractory hypercholesterolemia.
Empagliflozin improves heart function, reduces dilation and hypertrophy of the left ventricle, increasing ejection fraction. The medication also enhances exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with heart failure, leading to reduced hospitalization rates.
The study, published in Genes and Development, reveals the role of signaling pathways in regulating cell behavior, including proliferation, death, and migration. The research team identified new signaling outputs that function independently of established FGF signal transduction pathways, particularly in cell adhesion.
A study of nearly 2,000 Marine recruits found asymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 despite implementing best-practice public health measures. Regular testing identified carriers who could transmit the virus to others, even in settings with high compliance rates.
Researchers developed machine learning models predicting critical events and mortality in COVID-19 patients using electronic health records. The models identified key drivers of critical illness, including acute kidney injury and elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and predicted outcomes at various time windows.
A retrospective surveillance study of over 10,000 plasma samples found that more than 1.7 million New Yorkers have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, indicating the virus was present in the city before the first confirmed case. The infection fatality rate is close to 1 percent, ten times deadlier than the flu.
Scientists develop a new type of cancer immunotherapy that uses nanobiologics to train the innate immune system to eliminate tumor cells. The therapy targets the bone marrow and activates trained immunity, reprogramming bone marrow progenitor cells to produce immune cells that halt cancer growth.
Research found that over 90% of individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 produce antibodies strong enough to neutralize SARS-CoV-2. The antibody response is relatively stable for at least five months, correlating with the body's ability to neutralize the virus.
Researchers found diverse cardiac structural damage in COVID-19 patients, including right ventricular dysfunction, regional left ventricular wall motion abnormalities, and diffuse left ventricular dysfunction. These abnormalities were associated with worse prognosis and mortality compared to troponin elevations alone.
Researchers propose a new theory that suggests the existence of a biodynamic interface between humans and their environment, which mediates interaction between biological and environmental systems. This interface considers social, behavioral, and cultural dynamics, allowing scientists to assess its impact on health outcomes.
A new study by Mount Sinai researchers found that a person's risk of uncontrolled chronic disease increases after moving to a place where the condition is more common. The study analyzed millions of adults who moved to new neighborhoods, counties, and states, tracing how their health changed after the move.
Researchers at Mount Sinai will lead capacity-building efforts for serological testing and analyze antibody responses in lung cancer patients. They will also examine the immune response to COVID-19 and its impact on vaccine development.
A new study reveals that microglia, immune cells in the brain, regulate behavioral responses by sensing neuronal activation and providing negative feedback. This novel mechanism of neuromodulation has implications for treating neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital developed a COVID-19 mortality prediction model based on patient's age, minimum oxygen saturation, and type of encounter. The model showed high accuracy (AUC=0·91) in predicting mortality among patients with COVID-19, offering potential for improved prognostication and management.
Researchers identified thousands of rare epigenetic variations in the human genome, linked to abnormal gene expression and Mendelian diseases. The study highlights the significance of epivariations in contributing to a fraction of genetic diseases, including hereditary cancers.
Researchers found that heroin use alters the expression of the FYN gene, which regulates Tau production and is associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The study suggests that FYN inhibitors may be a promising therapeutic tool for opioid addiction.
Researchers found higher TMPRSS2 expression in Blacks compared to Asians, Latinos, and Whites, which may contribute to COVID-19 risk disparities. The study emphasizes the importance of diverse participants in clinical trials and addressing social determinants of health.
Researchers identified a specific brain circuit vulnerable to juvenile social isolation in mice, which may lead to treatments for sociability deficits and psychiatric disorders. Stimulation of this circuit restored normal social behavior in adult mice with juvenile isolation.
Researchers found that therapeutic and prophylactic doses of blood thinners reduced mortality by roughly 50 percent in COVID-19 patients. The study also showed that anticoagulation therapy was associated with improved outcomes both in and out of the intensive care unit.
Scientists at The Mount Sinai Hospital have discovered two inflammation markers that reliably predict COVID-19 severity and survival. Elevated levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum indicate a higher risk of death, allowing for early stratification and treatment optimization.
A Mount Sinai study found that COVID patients were most commonly readmitted to the hospital for respiratory distress, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension being key comorbidities. The study also showed that these patients had shorter hospital stays and lower rates of anticoagulation treatment.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that trauma-exposed adolescents with moderately elevated acyl-ghrelin hormone levels are almost eight times more likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study also suggests that lower acyl-ghrelin levels may reduce the risk and severity of subsequent PTSD.
Researchers have identified master regulator genes that causally regulate key biological processes underlying asthma. These genes provide a novel path forward for uncovering mechanisms and developing novel therapies for asthma. The study also identified nasal gene signatures for mild, moderate, and severe persistent asthma.
A new study suggests that COVID-19 is causing significant dilation of the lung's blood vessels, contributing to low oxygen levels and unusual respiratory behavior. The dilation was detected using a non-invasive ultrasound technique, and its correlation with oxygen levels may help explain why some patients experience 'happy hypoxia.'
A new study has identified a better treatment option for arteriovenous fistulas used in hemodialysis, reducing the need for repeated hospital visits and procedures. The drug-coated balloon angioplasty treatment has shown promising results, with patients being 25% more likely to have a functioning access point after 6 months.
Researchers have designed a new X-ray classification system for adult idiopathic scoliosis, providing a more universal and standard assessment of the condition. The three-component method maintains existing curve types while introducing assessments of global alignment and lumbosacral curve, improving treatment options for older patients.
Scientists have unraveled the structure and mechanism of DNA polymerase ζ, an enzyme that replicates through daily DNA-damaging events. This discovery offers valuable insights into developing effective inhibitors to make cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapy.
A study found that two blood epigenetic signatures associated with ADNP syndrome have only modest correlation with clinical manifestations. Researchers conclude that these signatures should be carefully evaluated before being considered as biomarkers for predicting behavioral outcomes.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital have discovered a novel genetic sequencing technology that identified the cause and treatment of a previously unknown severe auto-inflammatory syndrome. The technology, tailored to the patient's own genetic code, pinpointed an unknown mutation in the JAK1 gene causing permanent immune system activation.
Researchers pinpointed a single gene biomarker, nitride oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), to distinguish between atopic dermatitis and psoriasis with 100% accuracy using adhesive tape strips. The study identifies distinct immune response markers for each disease.
Researchers found that roflumilast cream significantly improved psoriasis signs and symptoms in as early as two weeks, with clear skin, itch reduction, and burden of disease improvement. The treatment showed promise for patients with plaque psoriasis lacking suitable options.
Researchers discovered a novel potassium channel activator, GiGA1, that selectively opens GIRK channels and reduces neuronal excitability. Systemic administration of GiGA1 exhibits anti-seizure properties in an acute epilepsy animal model.
A study published in the American Journal of Neuroradiology found COVID-19 infection to be significantly associated with acute ischemic stroke. After adjusting for age, gender, and risk factors, the researchers showed a 3.9-fold increased risk of stroke among patients with COVID-19 compared to control subjects.