Articles tagged with Transportation
A study of 91 German-owned multinationals found that companies lose profit due to geographical, cultural, or administrative challenges in new international markets. Companies should gather and exchange knowledge before entering challenging markets, recommends Associate Professor Ingo Kleindienst.
The article discusses the need for medical care practices in commercial space transportation, highlighting different phases of suborbital and orbital missions. The authors suggest defining Medical Levels of Care to account for various types of flight, including motion sickness, emergency equipment, and spacesuits.
A study evaluating 2,238 Canadian beef calves found that trailer microclimate significantly impacts calf welfare during transport. Calves experienced more shrink in summer months and higher salivary cortisol levels in winter, but overall arrived healthy.
A new study reveals that Denver's sports stadiums have excessive parking spaces, leading to heat islands and missed economic opportunities. The research suggests transforming inefficient parking into better investments to incentivize carpooling and other modes of transportation, improving the spectator experience and downtown businesses.
A randomized clinical trial found that women who received prenatal and infant/toddler home visits by nurses had lower maternal all-cause mortality rates compared to those who did not receive these services. Additionally, children whose mothers received home visits were less likely to die from preventable causes before the age of 20.
A multi-university team has developed a technology to transform lignocellulosic biomass into a jet fuel surrogate via catalytic chemistry. The proposed approach could potentially produce aviation fuels at a cost of $2.88 per gallon, making it a promising alternative to traditional petroleum-derived fuels.
A recent study by Sandia National Laboratories and the TSA aimed to understand how transportation security officers' thought processes influence decisions made during baggage screening. The findings have helped improve the performance of TSA's security officers, particularly in switching between pre-check and standard passenger lanes.
A recent study by MIT economists finds strong convergence of prices within the Eurozone, with prices differing by 30-50% lower than in neighboring countries. The research suggests that the common currency drives identical pricing, contradicting previous findings.
A new MIT study found that passengers of low-cost upstarts tend to complain less about service quality than network carriers. In a study published in the Journal of Air Transport Management, Michael Wittman tallied airline-related complaints made to the U.S. Department of Transportation from 2002 to 2012.
Scientists at Sandia National Laboratories are working on a $34 million project to develop biocatalyst technologies that can convert natural gas into liquid fuel for transportation. They aim to engineer pathways from microbes that metabolize methane to produce butanol, a promising biofuel option.
The Alternative Fueling Station Locator App allows iPhone users to select an alternative fuel and find the closest stations within a 30-mile radius. The app draws information from the Clean Cities' Alternative Fuels Data Center, containing over 15,000 alternative fueling stations nationwide.
Researchers analyzed hot-air balloon tour crashes from 2000-2011, finding 78 crashes involving 518 occupants, with 91 serious injuries and 5 fatalities. Targeted interventions may improve crash outcomes and decrease injury severity.
Researchers found that realistic stories with identifiable characters and plots lead to 'narrative transportation,' a phenomenon where consumers mentally enter the story. Five characteristics - familiarity, attention, fantasizing ability, higher education, and female gender - contribute to this effect.
A major transportation company survived Hurricane Sandy by adopting flexible strategies to meet customer demand and ensure personnel safety. The company's schedulers bypassed normal communication channels to speed up information exchange, relying on face-to-face conversations instead.
Researchers found that trained Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screening officers were slower than undergraduate students but more accurate in identifying T-shaped arrangements on computer screens. Consistent search patterns freed up brain processing, improving performance.
A study by the University of Illinois Chicago and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs found that individualized care leads to better health outcomes. The researchers used concealed audio recorders to collect data on doctors' behavior, revealing that contextual factors have a significant impact on patient care.
Researchers found that cattle temperament affects how animals respond to stressors like weaning, transportation, and vaccination. Temperamental cattle have reduced fat stores and lower marbling, impacting the final quality grade of beef.
The PEV Scorecard helps communities evaluate their readiness for plug-in electric vehicle deployment, providing feedback and guidance for improvement. The tool offers a comprehensive assessment of charging infrastructure, planning, regulations, and support services.
A computational model developed by Northwestern University's Dirk Brockmann can pinpoint the source of an outbreak and predict disease spread using transportation data. The model generates accurate findings on origin and predicted arrival times, providing a lifesaving advantage in responding to diseases.
Swift Transportation has donated $15,262 to The Waylon Fund for Diabetes Research at TGen to advance biomedical research and predict patient risk factors. This donation aims to spur innovative treatments for Type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Notre Dame are developing mathematical algorithms to integrate plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into the power grid, anticipating optimization problems for various parties. The goal is to create an efficient system that benefits consumers, companies, and the environment.
Research published in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems suggests that automatic braking systems can significantly reduce injuries in rear-end collisions. The study found that the use of three systems - warning, assisted braking, and autonomous braking - may prevent up to 50% of serious injuries.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have devised a way to compute delays and self-equalize gaps between buses, improving service for riders and reducing work for management. The system uses GPS and cell phones to optimize bus arrival times, ensuring more consistent headways.
The study found that a small amount of money can be an effective motivator, encouraging drivers to arrive earlier or leave later during peak hours. By leveraging social responsibility and game theory, the Capri program aims to reduce rush hour traffic by a few hundred cars.
Diana Lados, a WPI assistant professor, received a $525,000 NSF CAREER Award to develop new methods and tools for designing materials with confidence. Her goal is to increase the use of light metals in cars, trucks, airplanes, boats, and other transportation applications, reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
The National Sleep Foundation's 2012 poll found that 1 in 4 train operators and 23% of pilots admit to sleep-related job performance problems. Sleepiness has also been linked to safety issues, car accidents, and reduced workday sleep satisfaction.
The US electric grid is complex and vulnerable to failure, particularly with aging EHV transformers. The new 'Recovery Transformer' program aims to develop a modular, smaller, and lighter alternative that can be easily transported and installed.
The study found that day laborers in Cincinnati are predominantly male and African American, with many struggling to find stable employment due to past convictions. The average wage per day for a day laborer is $48.53, after taxes and fees, highlighting the financial struggles of those working in these halls.
Researchers from the University of Illinois developed three algorithms to assess risk uncertainty in the passenger population, finding that risk-based screening increases overall expected security. This approach allows more resources to be devoted to passengers with high risk relative to the passenger population.
A Virginia Tech-led study found that family perspectives are crucial in evacuation planning, with immigrant mothers being particularly vulnerable. The research integrated social science and transportation engineering approaches to model household decision-making and interactions during evacuations.
Researchers at UC Berkeley found that ending the hybrid car program in California's carpool lanes slowed traffic for all drivers, not just hybrids. The study showed that moving hybrids out of carpool lanes increased congestion in adjacent lanes and reduced overall traffic speed.
A recent study by Dr. David C. Musch found that most eye care providers test visual acuity and peripheral vision but often fail to ask about other factors affecting driving ability, such as medical conditions or medications. Eye care providers identify a need for better guidelines and resources to assess driving capabilities.
Algae-based fuel produces high energy output with minimal land use, but its production is associated with significant environmental costs. The research suggests that algae-based biofuels may not be a silver bullet for replacing petroleum as a transportation energy source.
Researchers found that cash-based overcompensation leads to higher satisfaction ratings than industry-standard compensation or voucher-based overcompensation. Participants were most satisfied with a $400 cash bonus, but satisfaction levels did not increase linearly with the amount of cash provided.
Jonathan Malen's research may lead to more precise thermal management devices for aircraft and other transportation systems. He proposes using thin layers of small molecules to filter vibrations that carry heat, enabling more precise control over temperature.
A new report reveals sub-standard transportation practices for donor organs led to fatal air crashes and emphasizes the need for improved safety measures. The study suggests implementing measures like quality aircraft, two-pilot crews, and aviation safety consultants to improve safety in organ procurement travel.
The Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University team, "Colbert," won the first prize with a space transportation architecture centered around propellant depots. The winning design was recognized for its innovative approach to efficient space transportation.
The new facility will enhance computational and modeling efforts in combustion research, enabling interdisciplinary collaboration between scientists. The CRCV building will support high-fidelity numerical simulations and expand access to massive datasets, expanding the collaborator base and ties with experimental programs.
Canadian Medical Association Journal urges airlines to prioritize human passenger safety over accommodating small pets in airplane cabins. The Canadian Transportation Agency considers requiring airlines to safeguard passengers with pet allergies, forcing a reevaluation of airline policies.
Clemson University chemical engineering professor Mark C. Thies has partnered with Doros Theodorou of the National Technical University of Athens to develop molecular models for advanced-carbon materials. Their goal is to create strong, lightweight materials for transportation vehicles, wind turbines, and energy-efficient aircraft.
A study by Michael L. Nance and colleagues identified 170 verified pediatric trauma centers in the US, with estimated access ranging from 22.9% in rural areas to 93.5% in urban areas. The authors estimate that 17.4 million children would not have access to a center within 60 minutes.
Researchers at NYU and Harvard created a bipedal, autonomous DNA walker that can move on its own using two fuel strands. The device forms base pairs as it moves along a track of DNA, creating energy for movement.
The European Society of Cardiology emphasizes the importance of networks in STEMI treatment, facilitating pre-hospital diagnosis, triage, and treatment with efficient transportation to appropriate hospitals. Clear protocols and cooperation among centers reduce delays and improve patient outcomes.
Numerical simulations of nutrient transport changes in Honghu Lake Basin revealed that human activities increased rapidly and became a dominant factor in changes of the nutrient transportation. The study found variations in nutrient production and concentration, with increasing rates of eutrophication over time.
Professor John Rice, Chair of Statistics at UC Berkeley, wins the 2008 Jerome Sacks Award for his diverse cross-disciplinary contributions to various fields. The award recognizes sustained high-quality research involving statistical sciences.
The updated GREET model allows researchers to simulate new fuel pathways, including ethanol from Brazilian sugarcane and bio-butanol production. The model also evaluates the energy consumption required for producing aluminum in sport utility vehicles.
Scientists at the University of Virginia have developed a new class of hydrogen storage materials that can absorb up to 14% of hydrogen by weight at room temperature, twice as much as current materials. These novel materials could make the dream of a hydrogen economy a reality with their higher efficiency and lower production costs.
A new bus scheduling algorithm, developed by a University of Southern California engineer, aims to reduce waiting times and improve transit reliability. The algorithm analyzes the impact of slack time on buses and finds that building in between 15 and 20 percent slack time is optimal, depending on total round trip travel time.
A new standard aims to reduce carbon emissions from fuels by 10% by 2020, stimulating improvements in transportation-fuel technologies. The standard covers all gasoline and diesel fuel providers, requiring them to track life-cycle global warming intensity and reduce it over time.
Researchers at UW-Madison create a two-stage process to turn biomass-derived sugar into 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), a liquid fuel with improved energy density and reduced environmental impact. The new fuel address limitations of current renewable liquids like ethanol.
The study found that strong extended family ties facilitated evacuation decisions, providing access to transportation and shelter, but also hindered it by creating conflicting opinions about evacuation messages. This highlights the importance of considering social networks in disaster planning for vulnerable communities.
The new H2CAR process produces three times more biofuels from the same biomass, reducing carbon dioxide emissions and increasing efficiency. This could provide sustainable fuel for all US transportation sectors without additional land use.
Researchers will develop software to predict unintended consequences of greenhouse gas reduction policies on the automotive market, life cycle environmental impact, and material demand. The goal is to ensure that policies effectively reduce emissions while minimizing undesirable outcomes.
A new paper from the Journal of Consumer Research distinguishes between narrative and analytical self-referencing in ads. Narrative self-reference almost always leads to favorable evaluations, while analytical self-reference can lead to negative responses if the ad's message is not well-reasoned.
A new study conducted by the University of Texas at Austin found that children's age and family dynamics play a significant role in shaping weekend leisure activity choices. The study reveals that children whose fathers have a higher education level are more likely to engage in active recreation, while those from single-parent househol...
Scientists sequenced the first complete tree genome, poplar, to develop sustainable plantation forestry and biofuels production. The research identified over 45,000 protein-coding genes and 93 genes associated with cellulose production.
A new software tool will help analyze the unintended consequences of environmental regulations on the automotive market and industry life cycle. The project aims to integrate models of market decisions, technological performance, and life cycle assessment to predict the effectiveness of greenhouse gas reduction policies.
Researchers Jing Wang and Bobby Calder found that ads can have both negative and positive effects on advertising. Ads appearing after a story has ended can actually enhance their effect. The study suggests that the timing of ad placement is crucial in determining its impact.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute used data from a popular internet game to analyze banknote movements, finding universal scaling laws that govern human travel behavior. These laws provide insight into the statistical rules governing the spread of diseases.
A survey of 415 senior citizens in Western New York found that more than half faced barriers to seeing a dentist, with finances and anxiety being major concerns. The study suggests that dentists should discuss these barriers with their patients to improve access to dental care.