Articles tagged with Cell Transplantation
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Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia achieved immune tolerance in mice through prenatal stem cell transplants, enabling donor cells to multiply without toxic side effects. The technique could greatly broaden the use of cell and organ transplants for genetic diseases detected before birth.
Researchers have developed a method to culture and expand cord blood-derived stem cells, increasing their number by over 100-fold. The expanded cells showed improved potency in reconstituting the recipient's blood and immune cell systems.
Dendritic cells may play a key role in accepting transplanted organs, and researchers are exploring a cell-based strategy to induce tolerance. Studies in nonhuman primates suggest that certain types of dendritic cells can regulate the immune response and prevent rejection.
A boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) had bone marrow donor cells present in his muscle fibers 13 years after a transplant. Mesenchymal stem cells from the donor's bone marrow may be continuing to produce muscle cells, potentially reducing disease severity.
A clinical trial found that defibrotide reversed severe veno-occlusive disease (VOD) in over one-third of stem cell transplant recipients. The treatment also showed improved survival rates for patients, with many long-term survivors reported.
A new study shows that CellCept substitution of cyclosporine reverses renal toxicity, improving the life span of transplanted kidneys. 58% of patients on CellCept therapy had a reversal or stabilisation of their kidney function compared to 32% on cyclosporine.
A new study demonstrates that pig cells can be transplanted into children with type 1 diabetes without the need for immunosuppressive drugs, resulting in some patients being off insulin. The use of embryonic stem cells and novel preservation methods also holds promise for increasing the availability of viable cells for transplantation.
Researchers found that rats treated with adult human stromal cells experienced significant improvements in function after a stroke, including enhanced motor and sensory abilities. The study suggests a potential new treatment approach for stroke patients, offering a longer time window for effective treatment.
Researchers discovered a single protein that facilitates cell movement in zebrafish embryos, directing cells to form the body's head-tail axis. The protein Strabismus/Van Gogh also affects human brain development and neural tube formation.
Researchers found that an antioxidant compound can protect islet cells from stress and death during transplantation, leading to improved transplant success rates. The antioxidants neutralized free radicals that contribute to inflammation and cell death, allowing more islet cells to survive and function properly.
Researchers at USF Health successfully transplanted clonal human neurons into rats with severe spinal cord injuries, allowing some animals to bear weight on their hind legs. The study suggests that the transplanted cells can re-establish a neural connection, potentially paving the way for future rehabilitation and functional recovery.
Researchers discovered that degradation of SDF-1 protein is crucial for stem cell mobilization in bone marrow transplants. G-CSF growth factor triggers this process by reducing SDF-1 levels, allowing stem cells to flow into the bloodstream. The findings may lead to improved collection of stem cells for clinical transplantations.
Researchers have successfully transplanted embryonic stem cell-derived neurons into a rat model for Parkinson's disease, reducing disease symptoms and establishing functional connections. This breakthrough finding suggests that embryonic stem cells may be useful for treating PD and other brain diseases.
Researchers have discovered a link between keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) concentrations and protection against bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. Additionally, a new pH test offers a simple method to evaluate airway inflammation in diseases such as asthma and COPD.
A recent study found that CellCept therapy can effectively reverse kidney damage and improve graft survival in patients with chronic kidney function decline. The results showed a significant increase in kidney function reversal or stabilization in patients treated with CellCept compared to those on cyclosporine.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding the body's rejection of transplanted organs. Memory T cells were found to trigger rejection, even when other immune cells are disabled. This discovery may lead to new treatments that block memory T cell function and improve organ transplant success rates.
Researchers at USF Center for Aging and Brain Repair investigate whether stem cells from human umbilical cord blood can reverse age-related declines in learning and memory. The 5-year study aims to determine the effectiveness of these cells in treating neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
A study of 32 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease found that fetal cell transplants improved symptoms, with the effects being directly proportional to the results experienced prior to transplant. The transplants also showed a significant improvement in dopamine activity in the brain, which stabilized over time.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that stem cell transplants performed within the first 28 days of life have a 95 percent success rate in treating newborn babies with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). The early transplants also stimulate a more robust and effective immune system, with reduced stresses on the th...
Researchers found that delaying spinal cord injury treatment until the initial changes have stabilized can improve regrowth of injured neurons and axons. This combination therapy with fetal tissue transplants and nerve growth factors shows promise for treating severe spinal cord trauma.
Bioengineers at Cornell University have created a system for transplanting clusters of brain cells, together with controlled-release microcapsules of protein, to enable cell differentiation and growth. The technique has shown promise in treating neurodegenerative diseases and spinal cord injuries.
Researchers at UF'S Mcknight Brain Institute have found no ill effects in two U.S. patients who underwent a spinal cord transplantation procedure from 1997 to 2000. The tissue, obtained from aborted fetuses, seemed to partially fill cavities and prevent further deterioration of the patients' conditions.
A study by UCSD researchers reveals that chronic kidney rejection is caused by the recipient's own cells' normal reaction to a wound, specifically mesenchymal cells colonizing the transplant site. This finding opens up new possibilities for developing methods to block scar-causing cells and mitigate or prevent kidney rejection.
Two new studies show that bone marrow cells transplanted into mice can migrate into the brain and develop into cells resembling neurons. These findings have significant implications for treating conditions such as Parkinson's disease and traumatic brain injury, potentially using patients' own cells that would not be rejected by the imm...
The University of Pittsburgh is conducting a study on transplant patients who have been off immunosuppressive drugs for up to 6.6 years, aiming to identify potential tests for transplant tolerance. The study may lead to breakthroughs in understanding and managing autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Researchers transplanted skeletal muscle cells directly into a damaged area of the heart in a Phase I trial to test their potential to repair and strengthen heart contractions. The goal is to improve cardiac function and determine cell survival.
Researchers found that patients' immune systems counteract their normal response against donor organs, leading to graft acceptance. The discovery could help doctors monitor transplant patients more effectively and reduce dependence on immunosuppressants.
A new strategy involving radiation and bone marrow infusion appears to effectively reduce immune system attack in intestinal transplant recipients. Five patients who received irradiated intestines experienced no episodes of rejection for up to four months, while two control patients experienced typical rejection within weeks.
Researchers found that aerosol cyclosporine significantly reduced P-gp activity in lung transplant patients' immune cells, increasing effective drug absorption. The study aims to improve immunosuppressant therapy efficiency and reduce side effects.
Researchers have successfully transplanted laboratory-grown neuronal cells into the brains of stroke patients, showing promise for recovering lost abilities. Six months after transplantation, six patients showed significant improvements in motor skills and metabolism, suggesting integration with existing tissue.
Researchers from Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School have made a groundbreaking discovery that existing brain cells can replenish dead counterparts, potentially treating degenerative brain diseases. The study found that nerve cells in the cerebral cortex can be induced to heal themselves through a process called neuronal rep...
A large UM study found that mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) reduces the risk of losing a transplanted kidney due to chronic failure better than azathioprine (AZA). MMF protects against kidney loss even when acute rejection prevention effects are eliminated, with nearly 86% of MMF-treated kidneys surviving four years.
Pediatric heart transplant patients with a specific cytokine gene profile may be identified as 'rejecters', indicating a higher risk of rejection. Researchers plan to evaluate the screening's value in tailoring immunosuppression to prevent serious episodes and graft loss.
The meeting featured key findings on pediatric transplantation, mandatory liver sharing benefits, new tests predicting rejection, and advancements in immunosuppression. Researchers discovered a test that can predict organ rejection days or weeks before symptoms appear, reducing valuable treatment time.
Researchers found a 28% decline in brain network density with normal aging in monkeys, which was reversed by transplanting genetically programmed nerve growth factor-producing cells. This approach may be useful for treating Alzheimer's disease, with clinical trials underway.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have coaxed high-level neurons in adult zebra finches to be replaced by their own endogenous precursor cells, demonstrating the potential for brain repair and regeneration.
Researchers developed a treatment using embryonic stem cells that improves rat spinal cord injury recovery. The treatment, involving nerve cell precursors, promotes substantial improvements in locomotion when instituted after the injury process is complete.
A molecule family known as CSPGs is found to form a barrier that prevents nerve fiber connections from growing after spinal cord injury. Researchers at the University of Florida Brain Institute suggest that this could be a key factor contributing to the failure of adult mammals to regenerate their spinal cords.
Physicians at Massachusetts General Hospital have successfully induced a state of immune tolerance in a patient, allowing her to discontinue immunosuppressive drug treatment without rejecting a transplanted kidney. The breakthrough approach, known as mixed chimerism, has the potential to revolutionize organ transplantation for thousand...
Researchers found that Slit repels young cells from their target destination, guiding them through the brain via concentration gradients. The discovery has implications for understanding neural migration and potentially treating neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's.
A team of researchers at Washington University School of Medicine has been awarded a grant to develop new treatments for spinal cord injuries. They plan to use embryonic stem cells to replace damaged tissue and restore lost functions, with the long-term goal of enabling patients to regain bladder and bowel control and potentially walk ...
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that damaged spinal cords can regenerate nerve fibers from transplanted adult nerve cells. The study suggests that scar tissue is the major obstacle to regeneration, and removing it may unlock a greater potential for nerve growth.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a new approach to bone marrow transplantation that induces mixed chimerism in four patients with treatment-resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Two patients achieved long-term remission without significant graft-versus-host disease, a dangerous complication of the procedure. The...
A new procedure called High PRA Rescue cleanses blood of harmful rejection antibodies, enabling six patients to receive successful kidney transplants from living donors. The innovative technique, combined with three new anti-rejection medications, has shown promising results in a two-week period.
Researchers found that improving kidney function in majority of patients can be achieved by reducing cyclosporine dosage and adding mycophenolate mofetil, potentially slowing kidney deterioration. The study showed an improvement in kidney function in 37 patients over two years.
The American Society of Transplantation will present over 1,000 presentations on various transplantation topics, including new findings on liver splitting for child recipients and embryonic stem cell transplantation. The conference also explores advancements in treating post-transplant patients without steroids and lung transplantation...
Researchers have successfully transplanted laboratory-grown neuronal cells into the brains of seven stroke patients, with some showing small improvements in motor skills and speech. The therapy, developed by scientists at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, aims to restore lost motor skills and has been deemed safe so far.
Researchers link transplant tolerance to immune system's response to noncytopathic micro-organisms, which can coexist with transplanted organs. The process involves a delicate balancing act between donor and recipient immune cells.
Researchers found that stray maternal cells in umbilical cord blood transplants can engraft and cause graft-versus-host disease symptoms. Treatment involves withdrawing anti-GVH medications, allowing the immune system to reject transient maternal cells.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that umbilical cord blood transplants can cure genetic diseases in children, with an overall survival rate of 68% and 80% success rate in patients under 2 years old. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to the successful outcomes.
A phase I trial has shown that adding mature stem cells to an umbilical cord blood transplant increases the success rate of transplants in children. The 'booster' cells were given to patients after growing in a laboratory setting for 12 days, and 19 out of 28 patients had successful transplants.
Researchers found that maternal HLA typing can provide clues about which sibling is the optimal organ donor. This discovery could improve kidney transplant selection by identifying suitable donors beyond HLA-identical siblings.
Researchers found that maternal tissue types can improve survival rates of slightly mismatched kidney transplants. The study suggests adding maternal HLA typing to the routine family workup could expand the pool of optimal donors.
The largest series of unrelated cord blood transplants confirms the feasibility of transplantation for patients without a matching donor. The study demonstrates success in children and mismatched transplants with reduced acute graft versus host disease incidence.
A five-year study aims to define long-term issues and positive growth in bone marrow transplant survivors, while evaluating factors that impact their survival and quality of life. Researchers will assess physical and psychological health, neuropsychological changes, and menopausal symptoms in over 200 participants.
A Georgia Tech study found that sensory neurons in animal limbs play a critical role in determining what information is received and what behaviors result. Researchers successfully transplanted female feeding claws onto males, demonstrating novel input processing by the brain.
Duke University chemists have developed novel liquid polymers that can be solidified by laser light to seal transplanted insulin-producing cells inside a selectively permeable capsule. The microcapsules reduce excessive blood sugar levels in experimental diabetic rats for up to eight days.
A study by Weizmann Institute of Science and Perugia University in Italy has found that mismatched bone marrow transplants can be as effective as fully matched transplants, overcoming key obstacles such as graft failure and immunological reaction. The method, which uses extremely large doses of donor marrow, has raised hopes for increa...
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center have successfully transplanted lab-grown brain cells into a patient with paralysis and speech loss after a stroke, marking a significant breakthrough in stroke medicine. The study uses tissue grown in the lab to avoid ethical concerns surrounding fetal tissue use.
Physicians at UPMC are evaluating LBS-Neurons for treating stroke patients with a clinical human neuron transplant. The transplanted neurons aim to improve damaged host neurons or replace destroyed ones, showing promise in correcting cognitive and motor deficits.