Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism of how anticancer drugs attack and destroy BRCA mutant cancer cells, including drug-resistant breast cancer cells. The study found that small DNA nicks can expand into large single-stranded DNA gaps, leading to cell death.
A new study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that a type of diabetes medication called SGLT2 inhibitors can significantly lower the risk of heart failure and hospital visits related to heart failure in cancer patients. The benefits were particularly promising for breast cancer patients receiving anthracy...
PARP inhibitors have been found to be effective in treating cancers with BRCA1/2 mutations by blocking DNA repair pathways. The combination of PARPis with chemotherapeutic drugs can also improve treatment efficacy, increasing DNA damage and blocking repair processes.
A study by Andreas Koeberle and colleagues reveals that certain natural substances can increase polyunsaturated fatty acids in cancer cell membranes, making them susceptible to ferroptosis, a type of cell death. This discovery creates new avenues for treating therapy-resistant tumours.
Researchers developed a novel approach using electrospun poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) membrane with autologous cells to treat oral mucositis, a painful side effect of chemotherapy. The study showed significant results, with ulcers healed completely within six days and reduced inflammation.
A recent Lancet article revealed that durvalumab combined with radiation therapy offers no benefits for patients with head and neck cancer who cannot receive cisplatin. However, a new clinical trial is underway to test the use of a heavy metal to enhance radiation therapy, providing potential new options for these patients.
Researchers found that a combination of Panitumumab and low-dose Capecitabine is an effective and well-tolerated maintenance regimen for patients with wild-type KRAS metastatic colorectal cancer. The treatment delayed disease progression while managing side effects, improving patients' quality of life.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a novel drug delivery system that uses nanoparticles to target and kill colorectal cancer cells. The system, which involves encapsulating cancer cell-activated nanoconjugates in an alginate matrix, can selectively deliver drugs to tumor cells while minimizing side effects.
A pooled data analysis found that cancer chemotherapy is linked to persistent severe peripheral nerve pain for around 4 in every 10 patients, with platinum-based drugs and taxanes associated with the highest rates of painful neuropathy. The study analyzed data from 77 eligible studies involving 10,962 participants from 28 countries.
The RSClin Tool N+ provides more accurate estimates of recurrence risk and individual chemotherapy benefit in node-positive breast cancer. The tool combines clinical and pathologic factors with the 21-gene Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score to predict patient-level prognosis and treatment benefit.
The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, showed no significant difference in patient survival between two-drug and three-drug chemotherapy regimens. The researchers found that the three-drug regimen may increase toxicity but could be a viable option for specific patients with certain types of biliary tract cancers.
According to UTHealth Houston research, adolescent and young adult men with cancer have a slightly elevated risk of having preterm birth and children with low birth weight. However, the likelihood of live birth was highest for fathers who had thyroid cancer and lowest for those with gastrointestinal cancer.
The phase 3 KATHERINE clinical trial found trastuzumab emtansine to be an effective adjuvant treatment for high-risk HER2-positive breast cancer patients, reducing the risk of death or invasive disease by 46% and improving survival. The study showed consistent benefits across patient subgroups, supporting T-DM1 as a new standard of care.
A new test called ORACLE can predict lung cancer survival at the point of diagnosis better than currently used clinical risk factors. This could help doctors make more informed treatment decisions for people with stage 1 lung cancer, potentially improving patient outcomes.
A novel patient-derived organoid library of tongue cancer tissue samples reveals new insights into chemoresistance mechanisms, highlighting the importance of autophagy and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways. The research also identifies potential drug targets for overcoming chemotherapy resistance in tongue cancer.
Scientists at Indian Institute of Science have found how diverse neurons across different brain regions work together to control chronic pain in mice. The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) plays a key role in driving chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, allowing mice to cope with or suppress pain.
Researchers analyzed data from over 700 patients with kidney injury and found that glucarpidase treatment improved kidney recovery rates. Glucarpidase rapidly clears methotrexate from the blood, reducing the risk of kidney toxicity.
Researchers at NUS have developed a non-invasive method to improve chemotherapy effectiveness while reducing side effects. By applying brief magnetic pulses, they demonstrated significant increase in doxorubicin uptake into breast cancer cells.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have made significant breakthroughs in smoking cessation treatments, with a study finding that varenicline plus counseling is the most effective treatment for individuals with major depressive disorder. Additionally, a new radiotherapy technique demonstrates effectiveness in treating metastatic ...
The new therapy significantly improves three-year disease-free survival for children with B-ALL, with 96% being disease-free for at least three years. Blinatumomab is now being used in most patients due to its practice-changing breakthrough, offering improved quality of life and reduced side effects.
Researchers analyzed data from 11,797 adults with advanced solid cancers and found no difference in mortality rates during the shortage period. Prescription rates for cisplatin and carboplatin fell less than three percent overall, with alternative therapies helping mitigate the crisis.
Adding camrelizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved pathological complete response in patients with early or locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer. The treatment showed substantial benefits, leading researchers to explore its potential as a neoadjuvant strategy.
A study published in Journal of Pain and Symptom Management found that Reiki therapy resulted in clinically significant improvements in pain, fatigue, anxiety, nausea, and well-being among outpatients with cancer. The study involved 392 Reiki sessions for 268 unique patients, showing a mean improvement of 1.78 in pain and 2.09 in anxiety.
Researchers found that a new chemotherapy regimen, eBEACOPDac, resulted in fewer and less severe side effects compared to the existing regimen, eBEACOPP. Patients treated with eBEACOPDac experienced improved fertility recovery and reduced hospital time, making it a potential game-changer for treating Hodgkin lymphoma.
Researchers at UCLA Health presented several breakthroughs at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, including improved survival rates for advanced breast cancer patients who receive trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), a novel ADC. Additionally, new genomic testing and circulating tumor DNA analysis may help identify high-risk patients a...
A study suggests that low doses of the commonly prescribed hair loss treatment minoxidil are safe and effective for regrowing hair in most breast cancer patients. The researchers found that all participants who took a low dose of oral minoxidil saw improvements in hair growth or stabilization within three to six months.
A new MRI-based imaging technique can rapidly assess ovarian cancer subtypes and their response to treatment, allowing for personalized treatment planning. The technique, called hyperpolarised carbon-13 imaging, distinguishes between two different subtypes of ovarian cancer and reveals their sensitivities to treatment.
Stanford Medicine researchers used a new gene-screening method to identify the CA12 gene as a key factor in doxorubicin-induced heart cell damage. They found that a drug called indisulam may be able to prevent this toxicity, and have tested it in mice with promising results.
A randomized phase 3 trial found that adding temozolomide to radiation therapy improves long-term survival for adult patients with low-grade gliomas. The 10-year survival rate was 70% with combined treatment, compared to 47% with radiation alone.
A clinical trial found that cetuximab was more effective than durvalumab in treating advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head or neck, with a higher probability of being alive and free of disease at two years. Cetuximab's efficacy was similar whether or not the cancer was associated with HPV.
Researchers develop a method to remove copper from tumor cells, killing them. The nanofibers use copper-binding domains to grasp copper ions, disrupting cellular homeostasis and increasing oxidative stress.
A recent analysis reveals significant gaps in cancer drug cost and availability between high- and low-income countries. Inequities in access to therapy, screening, and healthcare infrastructure contribute to higher cancer incidence and mortality rates in low-income countries.
Researchers found that sacubitril-valsartan, a commonly prescribed heart failure medication, can help prevent heart damage related to chemotherapy treatment among high-risk cancer patients. The study highlights the importance of identifying patients at high risk for heart damage and suggests strategies for early intervention.
Researchers explore potential synergies between chemotherapy, cannabinoids, and intermittent serum starvation in treating colorectal cancer. Combining these therapies could create a strong synergy by depriving cancer cells of glucose, making them more susceptible to treatment.
A phase II clinical trial showed that combining radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy can shrink tumors and allow surgery, resulting in significantly improved outcomes. The study found that patients who underwent surgery had a 82% reduction in risk of death at one year follow-up.
New treatment combinations and predictive biomarkers hold promise for improving bladder cancer outcomes. The NIAGARA trial showed that combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy can significantly increase two-year survival rates and reduce cancer recurrences.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have shown that combining pembrolizumab, an immunotherapy drug, with standard chemotherapy can improve treatment outcomes for patients with advanced small cell bladder cancer and small cell/neuroendocrine prostate cancer. The study found that the combination treatment resul...
Researchers have discovered a new strategy to overcome docetaxel resistance in advanced prostate cancer patients, which may improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and prolong overall survival. The approach involves inhibiting cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis, reinducing sensitivity to the drug docetaxel.
The VANCE trial demonstrates that Singapore has the expertise and capabilities to run large-scale global cell therapy trials. The study shows promising results for patients with recurrent or metastatic NPC treated with EBV-CTL therapy, with median survival rates of up to 29.9 months.
Researchers document remarkable response to pembrolizumab in patient with metastatic adenosquamous pancreatic cancer (ASCP) and KRAS G12C mutation. The study highlights potential shift in treatment of ASCP, a rare form of pancreatic cancer traditionally underserved by current therapies.
Researchers at MIT have designed tiny particles that can be implanted at a tumor site, delivering heat and chemotherapy to treat cancer. The treatment approach has been shown to completely eliminate tumors in most mice and prolong their survival.
A remarkable clinical and metabolic response is reported in a metastatic BRAF V600E-mutated glomangiosarcoma treated with encorafenib and binimetinib. The combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors achieves a long-lasting complete morpho-metabolic response in the patient.
A clinical trial suggests that tucatinib and trastuzumab may benefit patients with rare bile duct cancer who also have HER2-mutated breast cancer. The treatment combination showed a 46.7% objective response rate in patients with bile duct cancer, compared to 22.2% in the broader patient group.
Researchers created a 3D-printed model to mimic the conditions that spur cancer cells' spread, allowing them to visualize this process in real-time. The model revealed a mechanism where low oxygen levels promote metastasis through lowering pH levels.
Researchers found that physically fitter patients with metastatic lung cancer live longer and respond better to chemotherapy. The study identified biomarkers in blood plasma that can indicate which patients are most likely to respond to treatment.
Women who started an aerobic exercise program during chemotherapy reported improved cognitive function and quality of life compared to those receiving standard care. The study found that while cognitive performance was similar after chemotherapy completion, the exercise program had a positive impact on self-reported cognitive function.
Researchers at Colorado State University have identified an alternate method to study changes during the DNA replication process in lab settings using genetically modified yeast. This new approach provides a less toxic and quickly reversible alternative to hydroxyurea, allowing for better insight into cell cycle arrest mechanisms.
Recent clinical trials of neoadjuvant therapy before radical prostatectomy, such as the ACDC-RP trial, have struggled to show significant survival benefits. Researchers recommend maximal androgen blockade with an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor as the 'backbone' of neoadjuvant therapy trials.
A non-invasive blood test measuring circulating tumor cells can predict treatment response, disease progression, and overall survival in men with metastatic prostate cancer. Patients with more CTCs had shorter median survival lengths and a greater risk of death.
A new study found that common breast cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, can increase expression of aging markers in breast cancer survivors. The study suggests that these treatments can have a more extensive impact on the body than previously thought, leading to accelerated biological aging.
A new study found that 5-fluorouracil kills cells by interfering with RNA synthesis, not DNA damage. The findings suggest that combining 5-FU with drugs affecting RNA synthesis could make it more effective in patients with gastrointestinal cancers.
A new CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD7 on leukaemia cells has shown promising results in treating T-ALL patients who have exhausted all standard treatment options. The therapy achieved complete remission in 16 out of 17 patients, with some remaining in remission for over five years.
A retrospective analysis of over 2,600 patients found that Black children were more likely to suffer severe graft-versus-host disease but overall survival rates improved across all racial groups. The study suggests that cord blood transplants are a vital lifeline for many patients and improve care for those without a matched donor.
A new trial suggests that adding immunotherapy to chemoradiation can extend survival in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. However, the findings also indicate that delivering the treatments at different times yields varying results, with concurrent treatment not offering improved survival benefits.
A randomized trial halted after patients in the control arm reached a record high two-year progression-free survival rate of 98%. Deintensified treatments involving lower radiation dose and immunotherapy did not perform as well as standard chemoradiation.
Scientists at Brain Chemistry Labs discovered a promising compound called kalata B1 from violets that enhances the activity of chemotherapy TMZ against glioblastoma cells. The synthetic version of kalata B1 showed equal efficacy to the natural molecule, offering a potential new treatment option for patients.
Researchers have found that intraovarian PRP injection can improve the number and quality of blastocysts in POI mouse ovaries damaged by high doses of chemotherapy. The study also characterizes the protein content of PRP, suggesting its potential to enhance reproductive function.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that patients with ETV6::RUNX1 and high-hyperdiploid B-ALL can achieve positive outcomes with low-intensity chemotherapy, tailoring treatment based on genetic subtypes and early treatment response. This approach reduces side effects and improves event-free survival rates.
Older cancer survivors are at a higher risk of stroke, heart attack, and hospital admission for heart failure. Chemotherapy is also linked to elevated rates of these conditions.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University discovered that aneuploid cells, which have an abnormal number of chromosomes, are more susceptible to certain types of anticancer drugs. The studies found that disrupting the MAPK pathway increases the sensitivity of these cancer cells to chemotherapy.