Research on how disease is diagnosed. Covers fetal-distress detection, faster diagnostics, redefining conditions, and bias in medical AI.
Researchers analyzed nationwide data to find a strong correlation between kidney stones and osteoporosis or bone fracture diagnoses. The study suggests that bone density screening may be necessary for individuals with kidney stones, particularly middle-aged and older men at risk of osteoporosis or fracture.
Researchers studied over 10,000 U.S. Air Force basic trainees to identify COVID-19 transmission risk factors in a congregate setting. The study found that symptoms and laboratory results on the first day of diagnosis were associated with case clusters.
A study found that Tom Hanks' COVID-19 diagnosis likely changed people's attitudes and behaviors toward the virus. Nearly 90% of surveyed individuals had heard about Hanks' social media post, with approximately half reporting a change in their thoughts or actions.
A recent study has found that women are less likely to receive guideline-recommended approaches for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), resulting in worse outcomes. This disparity may be attributed to delayed diagnosis of heart disease, which leads to undertreatment and poorer surgical results.
Researchers at Skoltech created a multisensor 'electronic nose' using additive manufacturing technologies, enabling sensitive gas detection in portable electronics and healthcare. The device can distinguish between different alcohol vapors, including methanol, at low concentrations.
A recent observational study of 7,300 adults with COVID-19 found that individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis had an increased risk of death, while mood and anxiety disorders were not associated with higher mortality rates. The study suggests that psychiatric disorders may be linked to poorer outcomes in patients with COVID-19
A new study found that anonymous cell phone data can quantify behavioral changes for flu-like illnesses, while protecting user anonymity. The research linked passively-collected cell phone metadata with actual public health data, providing a potential tool to monitor and control infectious disease outbreaks.
The SciFiMed project develops a multiplex detection system to examine the functional activity of seven complement factor H related proteins in patient samples. This technique helps diagnose inflammatory diseases such as macular degeneration with higher accuracy.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells resistant to adult leukemia treatment are already present in tumors before diagnosis, according to a new study published by IRB Barcelona. The study analyzed genome sequencing data from 19 adult patients and found that these resistant cells were undetectable at the time of diagnosis.
A study of 1.3 million people reveals that younger adults with type 2 diabetes diagnosis are associated with a higher risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease. Early interventions to improve blood glucose levels and cardiovascular risk profiles are essential to reduce ill health and mortality.
A no-deal Brexit may lead to exclusion of the UK from 24 European Reference Networks, which provide specialized care for patients with rare diseases. The networks have improved patient outcomes and collaboration among experts; their removal could diminish access to clinical trials and funding.
A meta-analysis of breast cancer survivors found they are less likely to get pregnant due to higher risks of complications. However, when they do conceive, most deliver healthy babies with no adverse effects on their long-term survival or overall health.
Physicians from the University of Geneva followed nearly 700 people with SARS-CoV2, finding that 33% still reported symptoms like fatigue, loss of smell or taste, and shortness of breath six weeks after diagnosis. A specific consultation for long COVID patients has been set up to improve care.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Federal Reserve Board of Governors found that individuals with dementia miss payments on bills as early as six years before diagnosis. Financial symptoms like missed payments and subprime credit scores are unique to dementia and can be used as early predictors.
Researchers have identified specific geographic areas in the US where women diagnosed with early-onset colorectal cancer before age 50 face higher mortality rates. The study found nearly one quarter of adults in hot spot counties reported no physical activity, and fertility may contribute to this variation.
Women with frozen eggs and ovarian tissue had more children after breast cancer diagnosis compared to those without fertility preservation. The study highlights the importance of reproductive counseling for young breast cancer patients.
Researchers developed an AI-based prediction model for early diagnosis of opioid use disorder using commercial claim data from 2006-2018. The tool led to average diagnoses 14.4 months earlier than clinical diagnosis.
A study of 214 children found that final diagnoses differ from referral diagnoses in 54% of cases, with asthma being the most common cause. Inhaling medication was prescribed to 91% of children with a final diagnosis of asthma, while physiotherapy was recommended for 50% of those with dysfunctional breathing.
A study analyzing US cancer data reveals patients from rural regions and lower-income households often have advanced liver cancer at diagnosis and face higher mortality rates. This highlights the need for targeted quality improvement interventions to address healthcare disparities affecting these populations.
A team of plant pathologists developed a comprehensive guide for diagnosing cucurbit downy mildew, caused by the obligate pathogen Pseudoperonospora cubensis. The guide provides written and graphic material to help identify symptoms and diagnose the disease using DNA testing and microscopy.
A new study finds that focal epilepsy, affecting one in 26 American adults, is often overlooked due to subtle symptoms. Early diagnosis can lead to fewer car accidents, with the researchers estimating 1,816 preventable accidents annually worldwide.
A German study found that only 2.6% of asylum seekers received a diagnosis for depression, while 1.4% received a diagnosis for anxiety disorder and 2.9% for PTSD symptoms. Many diagnosed individuals did not receive treatment, highlighting the need for urgent improvements in mental health care.
Researchers found a significant association between prior psychiatric diagnoses and increased mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The study evaluated the link between pre-existing mental health conditions and COVID-19-related deaths, providing new insights into the impact of psychiatric diagnosis on patient outcomes.
A study led by UC Davis Health researchers found that diabetic ketoacidosis is associated with cognitive problems in children, including lower long-term memory and IQ. The study also showed that repeated episodes of DKA can lead to worsening cognitive deficits over time.
A study by University College London researchers found that hospitals in England missed diagnoses for severe mental illnesses in over a quarter of cases. People from ethnic minority groups were more likely to have previously diagnosed mental illnesses go unnoticed by medical staff, but the situation is improving.
Patients with a first-time depression diagnosis have an increased risk of worsening and requiring hospitalisation if they have previously been treated for a physical disease at a hospital. The risk is also influenced by age and the number of physical diseases, with more diseases under 65 increasing the risk.
A National Institutes of Health-funded study found that people with substance use disorders are more susceptible to COVID-19 and its complications. Individuals with a recent SUD diagnosis were more likely to develop COVID-19 and experience worse outcomes than those without an SUD.
A new study suggests that children and adolescents diagnosed with white-coat hypertension may progress to sustained hypertension if not monitored regularly. White-coat hypertension is a condition where blood pressure increases only in a doctor's office, but its impact on kids is unclear.
Older caregivers of newly diagnosed dementia patients experience a 30% increase in depressive symptoms, which persists over two years. This is significantly higher than those without a partner diagnosis, with an additional 27-33% increase depending on the length of caregiving time.
A nationwide Danish study found that individuals with hospital-diagnosed overweight or obesity have a 60% higher risk of dying compared to the general population. The risk of dying was highest within the first year of diagnosis and remained markedly higher over the whole study period.
A Swedish study of 381 patients with low-grade brain tumors found that just 28% returned to full-time employment within a year. Factors associated with lower return rates included advanced age, functional level, and previous sick leave.
An international team has successfully mapped the global distribution of the coronal magnetic field for the first time. Using observations from the Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter, they applied a technique called magnetoseismology to infer the average magnitudes of the magnetic field in the corona.
Researchers found that quitters had a 30% lower probability of stroke and 16% reduced likelihood of all-cause death compared to current smokers. Quitting smoking significantly lowers the risk of stroke for people with atrial fibrillation, according to a new study.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation's Skeletal Rare Diseases Academy Awards recognized five young researchers for their high-quality research on rare disorders of the skeleton. The winners received a certificate and grant, valued at $1000, in recognition of their outstanding contributions.
A new study suggests that standard risk-adjustment methodologies have unfairly penalized rural hospitals, leading to inaccurate comparisons with non-rural hospitals. CAHs submitted significantly fewer hospital diagnosis codes due to differences in Medicare reimbursements.
Researchers found that having two mutated copies of TP53 gene worsens the prognosis of myelodysplastic syndrome, a blood cancer. This study confirms that TP53 mutation status is the most important variable in predicting disease course.
Researchers at Royal Ontario Museum and McMaster University diagnosed osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone cancer, in a Centrosaurus apertus dinosaur fossil. The diagnosis was made possible by advanced imaging techniques and microscopic analysis of the fossil bone.
Emanuela Marasco and her team aim to diagnose COVID-19 through sweat metabolites, leveraging machine learning algorithms and advanced image processing techniques. Their proposed detector will be compared to traditional tampon-based testing methods, potentially revolutionizing non-invasive diagnosis.
A Kansas State University study is the first to confirm that SARS-CoV-2 cannot be transmitted to people by mosquitoes, debunking a long-standing theory. The virus was found unable to replicate in three common mosquito species, ruling out human transmission via these vectors.
A new study published in eLife found that twins who survive the loss of their co-twin are at an elevated risk of psychiatric disorders in both the short and longer term. The risk is highest for identical twins and those who experienced a co-twin's death during childhood or young adulthood.
A new early autism screening system has improved access to evaluations and lowered the age of diagnosis, with a mean age of 30 months compared to national average of 48-plus months. The system was developed in collaboration with healthcare professionals across Indiana, enabling primary care physicians to identify children at risk for ASD.
Researchers found that Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act is associated with improved breast cancer stage at diagnosis. The study also revealed disparities in insurance status, age, and race/ethnicity among patients before and after the expansion.
A new study found COVID-19 has a disproportionate impact on minority and non-English speaking communities, with increased risk of diagnosis and death in rural and urban counties. The study highlights the need for standardized collection of sociodemographic characteristics and targeted interventions to address these disparities.
Researchers propose PANDAS, a type of pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder, as a possible cause of sudden childhood OCD cases. The study identifies antibodies binding to interneurons in the brain as a key factor contributing to the disorder.
The USPSTF recommends screening for unhealthy drug use in adults 18 or older to prevent fatal overdoses, injuries, and disability. The recommendation replaces the 2008 statement finding insufficient evidence, citing a significant cause of preventable death in 2017.
Researchers have created a distributed sensor fault diagnosis algorithm to detect and isolate multiple sensor faults in large-scale HVAC systems. The algorithm can be applied to both existing Building Management Systems and plug-in IoT systems, notifying users and operators about faulty measurements and sensor locations.
A new study estimates that approximately one in ten people in the US with symptoms caused by major vascular events, infections, or cancers will be misdiagnosed. The study found that these conditions are among the most frequently misdiagnosed, resulting in significant harm and disability.
A £100,000 project is harnessing Artificial Intelligence to accelerate ADHD diagnosis in UK adults, addressing the growing wait times for treatments. The AI-powered system can identify clear-cut cases, reducing the need for further assessment and enabling clinicians to prioritize those who require additional support.
Researchers found signs of autoimmunity in Parkinson's patients years before diagnosis, providing potential for early detection and treatment. The study also showed that immune responses change over time, with more aggressive cells initially causing damage.
A study found that UK healthcare policies restricting access for non-UK born patients may lead to delays in TB diagnosis and treatment. The median time to treatment increased by 20 days after the policy was introduced.
A new online calculator predicts the risk of death and long-term care admission for patients with dementia based on simple questions at diagnosis. The study found that older age, male sex, and organ failure are key predictors of mortality and institutionalization.
Patients with lung cancer in China who knew their diagnosis survived longer than those who did not, with a median survival time of 18.33 months versus 8.77 months. The study suggests that full disclosure of cancer diagnoses can benefit patients in the long term with proper communication and support.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet and Columbia University finds that celiac disease is associated with increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease. The study examined almost 50,000 patients with celiac disease and found a 21% increase in overall mortality compared to controls.
A literature review suggests that depressive disorders in people with HIV/AIDS are vastly underdiagnosed and untreated. Evidence-based recommendations are available to improve assessment and management of these conditions, focusing on proper diagnosis, treatment, and addressing special challenges such as stigma and adherence.
A study found that the number of US adults at high risk for vision loss increased significantly between 2002 and 2017. The estimated number rose to over 93 million in 2017, with a majority having diabetes or eye problems, highlighting the need for improved awareness of eye care.
A new study finds that machine learning algorithms can accurately diagnose mastitis origin and reduce mastitis levels on dairy farms. The technique achieved a classification accuracy of 98% for environmental vs contagious mastitis and 78% for lactation vs dry period environmental mastitis.
Researchers at Flinders University have developed a new measure for excessive buying problems, the Excessive Buying Rating Scale (EBRS), to assess severity and predict predictors of problematic buying. Strong beliefs about the benefits of buying were significant predictors, while gender and age also played a role.
A smart contact lens has been developed to monitor xerophthalmia and high intraocular pressure disease, providing real-time color changes based on moisture and pressure levels. The device features periodic nanostructures within a biocompatible hydrogel matrix, offering superior biosafety and comfort.
A general framework for automatic diagnosis of manufacturing systems was proposed, using convolutional neural networks to extract hidden degradation features from noisy time-course data. The framework performed well in benchmark applications and can be applied in diverse contexts.
A new study found that less than 5% of children and teenagers who tested positive for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) had been previously diagnosed with the illness. The prevalence of pediatric ME/CFS was found to be higher among African American and Latinx youth.