Research on how disease is diagnosed. Covers fetal-distress detection, faster diagnostics, redefining conditions, and bias in medical AI.
A study of over 675,000 cancer patients found that those with a psychiatric history were 73% more likely to die from their cancer. The risk increased with the level of psychiatric help, suggesting that stress may affect the body's biological systems.
A collection of 27 papers has been compiled to better understand the pathophysiology of endocrinopathic laminitis in horses. The research highlights the key role of insulin dysregulation and equine metabolic syndrome in driving the condition.
A large UK study found that heart failure survival rates have only improved modestly since 2000, with significant disparities in outcomes across different socioeconomic groups. The research highlights the need for increased investment in heart failure services to address these inequalities.
A recent study found that only fair agreement exists between clinicians' diagnosis of fibromyalgia and the published criteria used by the American College of Rheumatology. Clinicians failed to identify nearly half of patients who met the criteria, highlighting a need for improved diagnostic methods.
A UK study found lower cognitive scores and earlier dementia diagnoses in Asian and Black patients compared to White patients. The research highlights the need for tailored prevention initiatives and early diagnosis across ethnic groups.
A new study found that people with Alzheimer's disease who used antiepileptic drugs had more accumulated hospital days compared to those without. The study, published in the Journal of American Medical Directors Association, suggests a potential risk-benefit ratio for antiepileptic drug use in older adults with Alzheimer's disease.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that nearly a quarter of antibiotic prescriptions for privately insured outpatients in the US were inappropriate. Inappropriate prescribing was more common among adults than children, with colds, chest infections, and coughs being the three most common reasons.
A comprehensive US study found only 13% of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions were appropriate, highlighting the widespread overuse of antibiotics. The study used a novel classification scheme and evaluated all 91,738 diagnosis codes in ICD-10, categorizing each for antibiotic appropriateness.
A new study found that nearly a quarter of antibiotic prescriptions for children and adults may be unnecessary, with 1 in 7 patients receiving antibiotics for cases that were not medically justified. This highlights the need to reduce antibiotic overuse and its consequences, including contributing to antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
A recent study of 5.9 million individuals found that the risk of developing a second mental health disorder is increased, even 15 years after an initial diagnosis. Younger people are significantly more at risk of developing multiple mental health disorders over time.
Researchers have developed a reliable method to measure the length of the Huntingtin gene, which causes Huntington's disease. The new technique reduces analysis time from over five hours to just five minutes, significantly speeding up diagnosis. This breakthrough has potential applications for other trinucleotide diseases.
Diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents relies on clinical phenotype, LDL-C levels, and family history. Effective treatment approaches include statins, with ezetimibe and bile acid sequestrants used as second-line agents.
A study of 393 patients found that limited alcohol consumption was associated with increased survival, with an average additional year of life at 383 days compared to abstinence. However, the optimal levels of alcohol consumption for adults with heart failure remain unknown.
A study suggests that older adults with newly diagnosed heart failure can continue to drink moderate amounts without worsening their condition. Moderate drinkers had an average survival benefit of over a year longer than abstainers.
A study identified 14 gene variants associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including three new variants. The findings suggest shared genetic architecture for different diagnosis criteria and links to other conditions like metabolic disorders, depression, and male pattern baldness.
A Swedish study found a significant correlation between dementia and ischemic stroke, with patients dying from IS having a higher mortality rate compared to those who did not have IS. The study also highlights the importance of accurate death certificate diagnoses, particularly for deaths reported outside Swedish hospitals.
Patients with a current diagnosis of lung cancer were three times more likely to die in hospital following a PCI procedure. Colon cancer had the greatest association with major bleeding complications post-PCI, with a threefold increase compared to patients with no cancer.
A new study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that children born in August are 30% more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis compared to their slightly older peers. The study suggests that the earlier school enrollment may lead to improper diagnosis due to normal behavior being perceived as abnormal relative to older classmates.
Annual telemedicine visits increased from 0.02 to 6.57 per 1,000 members between 2005-2017, with growth accelerating after 2015. Most users resided in urban areas, a trend contrasting with the emphasis on expanding telemedicine access in rural regions.
A nationwide study found that mental health diagnoses and treatment among college students increased substantially between 2007 and 2017. The study also revealed a significant decrease in mental health stigma over the same period.
A recent study by the American Academy of Ophthalmology found that WebMD Symptom Checker was incorrect 74 percent of the time when diagnosing eye problems. The online tool often assesses symptom severity incorrectly, leading to inappropriate recommendations such as self-care at home instead of emergency treatment.
A multiyear clinical trial found that patients who chose their form of treatment, whether medication or therapy, improved more than those who were simply prescribed one or the other. Patients who received prolonged exposure therapy showed a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms and were more likely to lose their diagnosis over time.
Research suggests that dogs from specific breeds, such as gun dogs and terriers, may be more at risk of contracting Alabama Rot in woodland and dry heathland areas. The studies found associations between certain breeds and geographical locations with high risks of the disease.
A Japanese study found that increased fasting glucose, higher BMI, and impaired insulin sensitivity were detectable up to 10 years before the diagnosis of diabetes as well as prediabetes. The study suggests that elevated metabolic markers for diabetes may be detectable more than 20 years before its diagnosis.
A study published in European Neuropsychopharmacology found that up to half of people with Alzheimer's disease use a psychotropic drug, with those receiving first-line anti-dementia drugs showing a decreased risk of polypharmacy. The most common combination included antidepressants with antipsychotics or benzodiazepines.
A new study from the University of Missouri School of Medicine reveals that more than half of women with breast cancer are now receiving their diagnosis over the phone. The researchers found a significant shift in diagnosis delivery method since 2007, when approximately 25 percent of patients learned about their diagnosis via phone.
The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition has published a consensus report outlining five criteria for malnutrition diagnosis. The criteria include phenotypic and etiologic measures to assess malnutrition in adults. A two-step approach is recommended for diagnosis, involving screening and assessment.
The CDC guideline provides 19 recommendations for diagnosing, managing, and treating mild traumatic brain injury in children, including return to school and symptom management. The guideline aims to improve clinical decision-making and treatment outcomes for pediatric concussions.
The CDC has published a comprehensive guideline for the diagnosis and management of pediatric mTBI, which covers diagnosis, prognosis, management and treatment for all causes of pediatric mTBI. The guideline includes 19 sets of recommendations for healthcare professionals to take to improve health outcomes.
A recent study of 9,650 US soldiers who attempted suicide reveals that nearly one-third had no prior mental health diagnosis. Risk factors for attempting suicide were similar across both groups, but being in the first year of service and certain sociodemographic characteristics increased the risk in soldiers without a prior diagnosis.
A new study shows that a University of Missouri program significantly reduces diagnostic wait times for young children at highest risk for autism. The ECHO Autism program provides hands-on training, virtual discussions and practice to help primary care providers diagnose autism in young children, saving families an average of 172.7 mil...
Research reveals up to 13% higher proportions of emergency hospital visits among bowel cancer patients living in the most deprived areas, with nearly half experiencing an emergency visit compared to a third of those from less deprived backgrounds. Improved access to healthcare and screening programs may help reduce these disparities.
A new guideline provides recommendations for improving diagnosis, health outcomes, and care of people with prolonged disorders of consciousness. The guideline emphasizes the importance of early and accurate diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis and premature treatment withdrawal.
A new UCL-led study found that dementia diagnosis rates are 25% higher among black women and 28% higher among black men compared to white counterparts. Researchers suggest that inequalities in care, stigma, and cultural background may contribute to these disparities.
A study published in De Gruyter's Journal Diagnosis found that doctors in emergency departments with trainees make similar types of errors as admitted patients, primarily due to information processing issues. Patients with abdominal complaints are particularly vulnerable to these errors.
A recent study found that a substantial majority of older adults with probable dementia in the US are either undiagnosed or unaware of their diagnosis. Factors such as lower education levels, attending medical visits alone, and fewer functional impairments were linked to this lack of awareness.
A new study published in the Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases found that early treatment with nusinersen can improve motor function in babies with SMA type 1. The research suggests that early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are crucial for patients with infantile-onset spinal muscular atrophy.
A University of Minnesota Medical School study found that 73% of patients gained a new diagnosis after transfer, while 47% lost one. Data sharing mechanisms associated with lower mortality and reduced information loss among transferred patients.
A new diabetes diagnosis can lead to higher rates of healthy behaviors among a patient's partner, including weight management and smoking cessation. Partners with newly diagnosed diabetics exhibited greater behavioral change even when clinicians didn't focus on them.
A home-based, self-applied ECG sensor patch improved AF diagnosis by 3.9% compared to delayed monitoring. Monitored individuals also had higher rates of blood thinner initiation but increased healthcare resource use.
Despite a slight increase, routine depression screening among all US adults remains low, affecting around 8% of American adults. The study's findings also highlight the importance of access to quality psychiatric diagnosis and treatment.
A large population study from Denmark found no causal association between assisted reproduction treatment and increased risk of ovarian cancer. Female infertility, rather than ovarian stimulation, was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
A new study has identified key symptoms associated with testicular cancer in UK general practice, including testicular enlargement. The research found that painful testicular enlargement may indicate cancer, contradicting traditional teaching.
ER patients often want more than just a diagnosis; they seek reassurance, symptom management guidance, and navigation of the healthcare system. Research reveals that addressing these concrete needs can improve patient care outcomes.
Allowing pharmacists to write prescriptions is associated with increased access to healthcare services, improved patient outcomes, and enhanced utilisation of their skills. Pharmacists' diagnosis skills were a primary concern among organisational issues.
Researchers have developed a smart stent that continuously tracks blood flow through the artery, detecting subtle changes in its condition. This allows for early diagnosis and treatment of restenosis, reducing the risk of additional complications.
A large study found a strong link between type 2 diabetes and Parkinson's disease, with a 31% greater risk for those with diabetes. Younger people and those with diabetes complications had even higher risks, highlighting potential protective effects of insulin use on the brain.
A significant positive association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and common allergic conditions, particularly food allergy, was found in a nationally representative sample of US children. Children with ASD were more likely to report having food, respiratory, and skin allergies compared to those without ASD.
Research published in Endocrine Connections found that individuals with type-1 diabetes and depression have higher galectin-3 levels, a protein involved in inflammatory immune responses. Elevated galectin-3 levels were also linked to an increased risk of inflammatory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular disease.
A study by The Dartmouth Institute found that a federal regulation change from 2013-2017 led to gaps in substance abuse data, affecting prevalence estimates of chronic conditions like hepatitis C and depression. This can result in underestimated rates of co-morbidity, particularly among younger populations.
The UKPID registry has provided valuable information on PID in the UK, especially regarding delays to diagnosis. The data show that longer diagnostic delays can lead to poorer long-term outcomes for patients.
A new study published in the Australasian Journal on Ageing found that people with dementia are more likely to wander and become lost, resulting in potentially life-threatening outcomes. The researchers recommend implementing a 'Silver Alert' system, similar to Amber Alerts for missing children, to minimize this risk.
Researchers use NanoFlare to enable biodefree disease diagnosis and progression monitoring, reducing scarring and infection risks. The method provides timely feedback on treatment efficacy, improving accessibility to disease diagnosis.
Researchers at Florida State University emphasize the importance of early depression diagnosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Studies have shown that individuals with both CAD and depression experience significantly poorer health outcomes, including a two-fold higher risk of mortality. The article provides criteria for major...
An international study found that proposed changes to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) could lead to a 57% reduction in moderate PTSD diagnoses. The study examined almost 4,000 individuals from six countries and showed that severe PTSD cases increased by up to 36%, while moderate cases decreased by more than half.
A study analyzed 154,498 NSCLC and 27,834 SCLC patients who died on or before December 31, 2013, revealing racial-ethnic disparities in end-of-life care quality. Minority patients had higher odds of preventable medical encounters, delayed hospice referral, and aggressive chemotherapy during end-of-life.
Physicists at MIPT and their colleagues revealed the mechanisms leading to photocurrent in graphene under terahertz radiation. The study sets the stage for developing high-sensitivity terahertz detectors, essential for medical diagnostics, wireless communications, and security systems.
A UCL-led study found that hospitals are more likely to diagnose dementia in patients who have been admitted for another reason. However, missed diagnoses persist, with one-third of people with dementia discharged without recognition, highlighting the need for better record-sharing and culturally appropriate assessments.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry offers practical guidance for doctors to approach diagnosis in a sensitive and individualized way. The research found that service-users prefer their diagnosis to be given face-to-face, with helpful information, and clearly leading to reciprocal discussions about care-needs and treatment.
Children with regular healthcare are less likely to develop life-threatening diabetic ketoacidosis, a complication of type 1 diabetes. Adolescents with a regular family physician or pediatrician have a significantly reduced risk of DKA, highlighting the importance of primary care for children.