Articles tagged with Medical Diagnosis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Experts say research is needed to develop strategies to protect athletes from brain injury, citing a lack of long-term studies and unclear causes. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) has been linked to repeated blows to the head, but diagnosis requires autopsy and more research is needed to understand its development.
A new analysis of a large national database found that breast cancer survivors have an increased risk of developing thyroid cancer, especially within five years of their diagnosis. Women who received radiation therapy for breast cancer were more likely to develop aggressive thyroid cancer, but with smaller tumors and fewer treatments.
Patients with multiple myeloma who are diagnosed with MGUS first have better overall survival compared to those without prior knowledge. However, the study also found that patients with low M-protein concentration at MGUS diagnosis have poorer MM survival rates.
A mobile app with decision support features significantly increased diagnosis rates for tobacco use, adult and pediatric depression, and obesity among registered nurses. The app prompted clinicians to follow evidence-based guidelines and encouraged detailed conversations with patients about their health.
A new study by American Cancer Society researchers found that smokers before and after diagnosis had a higher risk of death from all causes and colorectal cancer-specific mortality compared to non-smokers. Smoking is associated with more aggressive tumors or decreased treatment efficacy, leading to increased mortality.
A new study published in Diabetologia found that cancer patients with diabetes have significantly lower medication adherence rates compared to those without diabetes. The research revealed that the type and stage of cancer had a significant impact on medication adherence, with more advanced cancers resulting in substantially lower rates.
A study of 421 preschool children with autism spectrum disorder reveals two distinct trajectory groups for autistic symptom severity and three for adaptive functioning. Researchers found that sex, age at diagnosis, and language scores were associated with these trajectories.
A new study led by Columbia University researcher Henry Hess found that molecular shuttles degrade over time, similar to a car's wear and tear, when operating. The degradation is measured in terms of distance traveled, with equivalent wear occurring at just a millimeter for the shuttle.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has found microscopic spheres of calcium phosphate in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness. The discovery opens up new avenues for diagnosis and treatment, potentially allowing early detection and prevention of the disease.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University have identified the genetic pathway of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a rare form of liver cancer that disproportionately affects people in Asian countries. The study's findings could lead to earlier diagnosis and increased survival rates for patients.
A recent study found that only 32.5% of practices prescribed urate-lowering therapy within five years of diagnosis, highlighting the need for better knowledge and patient engagement on gout treatment.
A new study found that veterans with a diagnosis consistent with transgender status are more likely to have serious suicidal thoughts and plans, as well as attempt suicide. The group's suicide death rate is higher than the general population of veterans, but similar to those with serious mental illnesses like depression or schizophrenia.
A neural network-based system combines symptom descriptions with digital tongue images for diagnosis, identifying signs of illness such as discoloration and texture changes. The system can detect a range of conditions including common colds, flu, and digestive issues, with potential expansion to include eye images.
A study by Cancer Research UK found that people often dismiss cancer symptoms as less serious and attribute them to other causes. Only two per cent thought cancer was a possible cause, despite experiencing red-flag symptoms such as unexplained coughs or persistent changes in bowel habits.
Scientists from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles describe a new distinctive fly species of the highly diverse genus Megaselia. The study proposes an innovative method for streamlining Megaselia species descriptions to save time on literature reviews and comparisons.
A recent survey found that nearly two-thirds of employees who have been diagnosed with depression reported challenges related to thinking on the job, resulting in reduced productivity. The Right Direction initiative aims to increase awareness of depression in the workplace and provide resources for employers to support their employees.
A Danish study found that changes in diagnostic criteria and registration systems account for most of the increase in autism cases since the 1990s. The study analyzed data from over 677,000 individuals born between 1980-1991.
Researchers discovered a new correlation between specific molecular features and CLL subgroups with different prognosis. The study identified subsets of patients with distinct clinical courses, allowing for better adjustment of therapeutic strategies and follow-up.
A study of 51,785 individuals with kidney stones found a significant link between the condition and an increased risk of bone fractures. The excess risk was greatest in males during adolescence and women during middle age.
A recent study found that a higher overall diet quality was associated with a lower risk of mortality among ovarian cancer survivors. The composite effect of healthy dietary choices on survival suggests that individual components may not be as crucial as previously thought.
Researchers found that family doctors may not be detecting lung cancer signs promptly enough, with one in seven patients dying within three months. Chest x-rays performed in primary care had lower early death rates, but frequent GP visits increased the risk.
A study analyzing medical professional liability claims related to esophageal cancer screening found that the risks of claims arising from acts of commission and omission are similarly low. The authors suggest that physicians balance the risk of complications from diagnostic procedures, even if those complications are rare.
Researchers used DNA sequencing to rapidly identify and describe three new fungal species found in a local grocery store packet of porcini mushrooms. The study demonstrates the feasibility of accelerating the documentation and description of new Fungi species, highlighting the need for further identification efforts.
Researchers found that caregivers experience high levels of anxiety when caring for a newly diagnosed family member with mental illness, which decreases over time. The study also revealed differences in anxiety symptoms among women and ethnic groups, highlighting the need for interventions to support caregivers.
Research published in Diabetologia finds that age at diagnosis is not linked to microvascular complications, while longer diabetes duration increases the risk in younger patients. Effective prevention requires vigilance across all age groups, with intensified surveillance for macrovascular complications in older populations.
A prior OCD diagnosis is associated with an increased risk of developing schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders later in life. The children of parents diagnosed with OCD also show a heightened risk of developing schizophrenia and related disorders.
New research reveals that one out of four acutely admitted medical patients leave the hospital without a diagnosis. The study found that many patients were not adequately examined during their hospitalization, increasing the risk of deterioration and re-hospitalization.
Researchers analyzed 500 patients with diabetes mellitus and found altered nerve conduction in the early asymptomatic stage of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The amplitude of sensory nerve action potential was the most sensitive measure of this condition, revealing varying degrees of nerve conduction changes.
A new study found that the reclassification of PTSD diagnosis in DSM-5 potentially excludes soldiers who were previously diagnosed under previous criteria. The authors surveyed 1822 US soldiers and found that just under a third were excluded when using DSM-5 criteria, highlighting concerns for treatment and benefits.
A new UCLA study reveals that California diabetics living in low-income neighborhoods are 10 times more likely to lose a toe, foot or leg than those in affluent areas. The research highlights the need for earlier medical care and expanded access to treatment to prevent amputations.
Researchers have identified two new radiological signs of potentially life-threatening gastric lap band slippage, enabling radiologists to accurately diagnose the condition. The new signs include inferior displacement of the superolateral band margin and air-fluid levels above the band on frontal radiographs.
A recent study found that teens who are sensitive to light or noise after a concussion are more likely to experience emotional symptoms such as anxiety. Researchers also discovered that having anxiety can lead to attention difficulties, while irritability/aggression is linked to problems with attention.
Researchers found distinct bacterial communities in healthy and incontinent women, suggesting a potential link between bacteria and female urinary health. The study identified new bacteria not detected by standard culture techniques, which may contribute to the lack of response to conventional treatments for urinary incontinence.
A UCLA study found that depressed men with localized prostate cancer were more likely to be diagnosed with aggressive cancer, received less effective treatments, and had shorter survival times. The study identified demographic factors that contributed to the disparity in treatment and outcomes.
A study published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology found that risk factors for chronic kidney disease are present and identifiable 30 years before diagnosis. The researchers identified significant associations between obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes with future CKD development.
A recent study published in Neurology suggests that veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are 60% more likely to develop dementia than those without TBI. The study found that veterans with TBI developed dementia about two years earlier, highlighting the potential long-term consequences of TBI on cognitive health.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that hyperthyroidism patients are more likely to take extended sick leave, particularly in the first year after diagnosis. People with eye complications from Graves' disease were the most likely to require extended sick leave.
A study found that Sjögren's Syndrome significantly increases the risk of heart attack in patients, particularly within the first year following diagnosis. The research highlights the importance of active management of cardiovascular risk factors to reduce the risk of a future heart attack.
Breast cancer patients often do not meet national physical activity guidelines after diagnosis, with African-American women being less likely to do so. A study found that only 35% of survivors met guidelines post-diagnosis, with a significant decrease in activity six months after diagnosis.
Researchers enrolled 120 MS patients and 60 healthy controls, finding no significant difference in diagnosed chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency between groups. The study's findings dispute the theory linking CSVI to MS due to methodological concerns and questionable diagnosis criteria.
Researchers found that patients with CNSi at diagnosis were nearly three times as likely to have CNSr during treatment, which is associated with poor prognosis. However, CNSi did not appear to impact overall survival, suggesting a need for improved diagnostic tools and treatments.
Two papers provide a unified definition of lifelong and acquired premature ejaculation, reducing errors in diagnosis and classification. The definition aims to improve treatment options for affected men and their partners.
Research suggests certain bacteria in healthy women's bladders differ from those with overactive bladder (OAB), potentially contributing to the condition. Approximately 15% of women suffer from OAB, with an estimated 40-50% not responding to conventional treatments.
Researchers from Loyola University Chicago found bacteria in the bladders of healthy women, challenging the common belief that normal urine is sterile. The study also revealed differences in bladder bacteria between healthy women and those with overactive bladder (OAB), which may contribute to OAB symptoms.
A study found that many women with early-stage breast cancer lose paid employment after diagnosis, particularly those who received chemotherapy. Women who received chemotherapy were 1.4 times more likely to be unemployed at follow-up.
A nationwide study in Sweden found that single men are more likely to die of cutaneous malignant melanoma. The researchers discovered that this applies to men of all ages, regardless of education level or residence. Early detection is crucial for survival, as skin cancer can be cured if treated early enough.
A study of 999 patients found that low-dose aspirin use after colon cancer diagnosis was associated with improved overall survival, particularly among those with HLA class I antigen expression. The molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are not fully understood.
A new study suggests that breast cancer patients require additional psychological support, particularly regarding concerns about their children. The research highlights the importance of addressing these worries to improve overall quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes.
The BRONCH Express simulator is a virtual reality solution for EBUS-TBNA training, offering a realistic anatomical environment. This affordable hands-on tool aims to promote competence-based training and improve patient safety among pulmonologists and thoracic surgeons.
A study found that older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at a higher risk for developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI), particularly in skills other than memory. Patients with COPD for over five years had the greatest risk, highlighting the importance of COPD as a risk factor for MCI.
A survey of parents with congenital heart disease found that physicians often fail to provide compassionate and understandable information, leading to difficult decisions and stress. The study suggests that physicians should offer context, including success rates and internet resources, to help guide treatment choices.
A large analysis of international studies suggests a time-dependent link between diabetes and pancreatic cancer. Screening programs may be necessary for patients with new-onset diabetes, particularly those without significant risk factors.
A new study found that patients have a 'right to know' but not a 'duty to know' their cancer diagnosis. This means doctors face a difficult task in ascertaining how much detail the individual patient wants at any one time.
A new study from Columbia University finds that the updated diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may lead to a 31% decrease in diagnoses. This change could result in thousands of children missing out on essential services and support.
Two new smartphone applications have been developed to aid in diagnosing epileptic seizures and managing acute stroke care. The epilepsy app was found to be informative in 87% of tested individuals, agreeing with medical diagnoses in 96% of cases.
A large international study found an independent association between diabetes and depression as well as impulse control disorders, including binge-eating and bulimia. Depression increased the risk of diabetes by 30%, while binge-eating disorder increased the risk by 2.6 times.
A new study from Autism Speaks found that a multipronged approach is needed to assess children for autism, increasing early detection rates. However, challenges remain, including limited follow-up care and shortages of specialists and therapy programs.
A recent study of 1,021 men found that physical activity significantly extends the lives of male cancer survivors. The study revealed that those who expended more than 12,600 kilojoules per week in physical activity were 48% less likely to die than those who burned fewer kilojoules.
Researchers found that internet-based surveillance can detect infectious diseases like Dengue Fever and Influenza up to two weeks earlier than traditional methods. This early detection enables timely public health responses, potentially reducing the spread of epidemics.
Gout affects 1 in 40 UK residents, with the highest rates in Wales and North East England. Only a third of patients are treated with urate lowering drugs, highlighting suboptimal management.