Research on how disease is diagnosed. Covers fetal-distress detection, faster diagnostics, redefining conditions, and bias in medical AI.
The National Kidney Foundation has released a research roadmap to accelerate innovations in treatment and increase understanding of kidney disease. The report calls for increased funding in preclinical science, genetics, health equity, and implementation science to tackle the most vexing challenges in kidney disease.
La Trobe University researchers developed a smart microscope slide that can detect cancer cells using enhanced color contrast. The technology uses nanoscale modifications to distinguish cancer cells from normal tissue, making early diagnosis more efficient.
An international team led by McGill University is developing biomarkers to identify people with REM sleep behavior disorder at risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and dementia. The team will study over 430 participants, including those with the disorder and healthy controls, to develop targeted therapies.
Research published in the journal BMJ Quality & Safety found that six out of ten patients in England with 'red flag' symptoms indicative of possible cancer didn't receive an urgent referral for specialist assessment within two weeks. Nearly four percent of these patients were diagnosed with cancer within the next 12 months.
A recent study found that pediatric patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) who received initial IVIG plus Infliximab had improved cardiac outcomes, reduced need for additional therapies, and faster resolution of inflammation. The updated care pathway recommends this intensified therapy for all MIS-C patients.
Researchers developed a non-toxic, small-molecule probe that provides real-time visualization of disease progression, overcoming limitations of MRI and PET imaging. The probe binds copper ions and detects dysregulated levels, accurately identifying Wilson's disease and other maladies.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet developed an AI-based tool to improve breast cancer diagnosis and predict recurrence risk. The method divides patients with grade 2 tumours into high-risk and low-risk sub-groups, enabling personalized treatment.
The number of autism diagnoses in England has skyrocketed by 787% over the past two decades, driven primarily by increased recognition and improved diagnosis for females. Researchers analyzed GP records and found that the greatest rises were among adults, with females making up most of the increase.
The NKF-ASN Task Force recommends adopting a new eGFR 2021 CKD-EPI creatinine equation to estimate kidney function without a race variable. This new approach may alter the stage of kidney diseases in some people, emphasizing the importance of patient education and consultation with healthcare professionals.
A serum biomarker, polyubiquitinated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), was associated with a four-fold higher risk of kidney function decline. This modified form of PTEN was linked to severity of lesions in kidney structure, indicating early manifestations of diabetic kidney disease.
A new DNA sensor can detect both the presence and infectivity of viruses in minutes, providing a significant improvement over current methods that only detect genetic material. This breakthrough could aid in tracking and containing viral outbreaks, as well as understanding mechanisms of infection.
A new study finds that left-sided breast cancer radiation therapy increases the risk of coronary artery disease in younger survivors, with a significant increase in risk seen at 10.5% for those who received left-sided radiation therapy compared to 5.8% for right-sided.
A parent-led therapy for early signs of autism has significantly reduced the likelihood of an autism diagnosis at age three. The iBASIS-VIPP program uses video-feedback to support social development and unique abilities, resulting in increased parental sensitivity and language development.
New research highlights the need for adequate communication and support for children of cancer patients. Children can experience anxiety, depression, and behavioral changes due to parental illness, yet many parents struggle to address these issues on their own.
Researchers developed lab-on-a-chip optical biosensors for real-time COVID-19 detection, overcoming low viral load challenges. These sensors utilize light beam interactions to detect viruses, enabling faster diagnosis and controlling outbreaks.
Researchers found significant disparities in diabetes diagnosis ages among US racial and ethnic groups. Younger Hispanic individuals were more likely to be diagnosed at a younger age compared to non-Hispanic whites and other racial groups.
A new algorithm, Phe2vec, accurately identified patients with certain diseases, outperforming traditional methods in classifying diagnoses. The study suggests that this automation will facilitate further research in clinical informatics.
A study in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that women, combat medics, and those with an anxiety disorder diagnosis were at higher risk. The study identified factors that may help assess suicide risk in soldiers, including sociodemographic and service-related characteristics.
Residents in states that lifted eviction moratoria had a higher risk of receiving a COVID-19 diagnosis 12 weeks later compared to those with still-active moratoria. The association grew stronger over time, especially among individuals with pre-existing medical conditions and lower socioeconomic status.
The new guidelines provide comprehensive guidance on diagnosing and treating acute and chronic heart failure. Key findings include improved survival rates with drug treatments, increased exercise benefits, and vaccination recommendations for patients at risk of infections.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a computational technique powered by artificial intelligence that transforms images of tissue previously stained with H&E into new ones with added special stains. The process takes less than one minute per tissue sample, significantly improving diagnoses in medical conditions such as organ transpl...
Referral guidelines for nephrology care are shifting towards identifying patients at higher risk of kidney failure. A study using Veterans Health Administration data found that referring patients with a two-year risk of kidney failure above 1% would identify those at highest median risk.
A recent Michigan Medicine study found that people newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis experience a myriad of significant symptoms that often cluster together. Nearly two-thirds of MS patients reported fatigue, half experienced pain in the first year after diagnosis. The research team collected questionnaires from MS patients at si...
A Korean population-based cohort study found that cancer, particularly multiple myeloma and leukemia, is associated with an increased risk of kidney failure. The study included approximately 825,000 patients with cancer compared to twice as many without cancer, matched on other characteristics.
Scientists have repurposed CRISPR to identify antibodies in patient blood samples, demonstrating a new class of medical diagnostics. The technique uses customizable proteins attached to Cas9, which assemble on a microchip to bind to specific DNA sequences, allowing for fast and accurate detection.
A recent study published in European Journal of Epidemiology reveals that widowers are at a higher risk of being diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer. The research highlights the importance of social environment and lifestyle factors in the development of the disease.
Researchers analyzed claims data to identify key demographic characteristics of patients receiving a sunburn diagnosis. The study found that patients with sunburn tend to be older, female, and have a history of previous sunburns or skin cancers.
Researchers at Ural Federal University create enzyme-free electrocatalytic sensors using palladium and silver, increasing sensitivity and accuracy. The new method reduces storage needs and costs, making glucose measurement more reliable and accessible.
Researchers review advancements in biosensing technologies for neonatal sepsis diagnosis, highlighting the need for faster and more accurate methods. Biosensors offer a promising solution, detecting multiple parameters simultaneously with high sensitivity and accuracy.
The PROTEIN-ID project aims to create a device that can read the fingerprint of proteins and identify their sequence, enabling rapid detection of diseases. The innovative device will use spectroscopic techniques, machine learning, and nanoscale sensors to analyze protein structures.
A recent focus group study investigated the factors affecting endometriosis diagnosis, revealing significant delays in diagnosis. Women with endometriosis reported an average time of 8.5 years from symptom onset to diagnosis, highlighting a lack of knowledge and understanding among patients, relatives, and doctors.
A recent study found that over a quarter of COVID-19 patients still experience symptoms six to eight months after initial diagnosis. Commonly reported symptoms include fatigue and shortness of breath. The study's findings highlight the need for timely healthcare resource planning for post-COVID-19 care.
New research suggests that closely monitoring low-risk prostate cancer can be as effective as active treatment in reducing mortality rates and preserving sexual function. This approach allows men to live with the disease for ten years or more without treatment, while still being unlikely to die from it.
A study from the University of Gothenburg and Oxford found that early blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes significantly impacts future heart attack and death risks. Targeting levels below 52 mmol/mol reduces mortality risk by 20%, while delayed control offers only a 3% benefit.
A new assessment tool has been found to predict ovarian damage in girls with cancer, helping doctors determine which patients should undergo fertility preservation. The Edinburgh selection criteria identify high-risk patients who are more likely to develop premature ovarian failure.
Researchers evaluated COVID-19 patients with loss of smell one year post-diagnosis, finding persistent cognitive and emotional impairments. Long-term follow-up studies like this one are crucial for understanding the lasting effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A new study suggests that many MS complaints prior to diagnosis may not be a prodromal phase but rather relapses causing individuals to seek medical attention. The researchers found that these patients often exhibited typical MS symptoms, indicating the disease was fully active and not in a preliminary or prodromal phase.
Women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased likelihood of pre-term birth and small babies. High maternal disease activity during pregnancy strengthens these associations. In contrast, paternal inflammatory disease is associated with a higher risk of miscarriage, particularly in pregnancies conceived after the father's diagno...
A global review of diagnosis delays in axial spondyloarthritis reveals common challenges, including inadequate patient access to rheumatologists and poorly defined referral pathways. The report aims to empower stakeholders to reduce this delay and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers developed an AI system that analyzes 3D brain images to diagnose Parkinson's disease stages, providing a more precise diagnosis. The tool combines AI and 3D imaging to estimate severity based on neuronal damage.
Researchers found that children with underlying medical conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, are at a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 illness. The study highlights the importance of identifying and managing these conditions to reduce the severity of COVID-19 in children.
Researchers developed classification criteria using machine learning to standardize language and identify characteristics that distinguish each disease. The criteria have been validated with over 90% accuracy within uveitic class.
A collaborative effort has led to the diagnosis of 255 new rare disease cases in Europe through unprecedented data sharing. The Solve-RD project utilizes a genomic and phenotypic analysis platform to reanalyze data from 8,393 individuals, identifying previously unknown genetic variants that can tailor treatment for affected patients.
Researchers from UOC's PSINET group found that trust enables parents to confront the role of parent/caregiver without high levels of stress. A long process of overcoming fear and finding meaning leads to a reparative effect on existential unease, resulting in well-being.
A national database analysis reveals a cumulative incidence of 2.75% for autism spectrum disorders among children born between 2009 and 2014. The study found regional differences and an increasing trend over the years, with the proportion of diagnosed individuals showing a significant increase globally.
Researchers found that areas with low environmental quality had stronger associations with late-stage prostate cancer diagnoses, particularly in Black men. The study suggests that addressing environmental factors such as land, water, and sociodemographic variables could improve treatment outcomes.
A new study published by the University of Turku found that children born in December are almost twice as likely to be diagnosed with a learning disorder. The study included nearly 400,000 children born between 1996 and 2002 and showed no correlation between ADHD diagnosis and learning disability risk.
Experts argue that PTSD is often conflated with normal responses to stress, leading to increased pressure on services. However, another study suggests that PTSD may be underdiagnosed, with only a small proportion of those seeking help receiving a diagnosis.
A recent study found that children on the autism diagnostic border exhibit dynamic presentations of clinical features, leading to increased susceptibility of gaining or losing their diagnosis over time. The researchers used machine learning to empirically characterize the classification boundary between ASD and non-ASD participants.
The USPSTF reaffirms its recommendation of screening for high blood pressure in adults 18 years or older, highlighting the condition's significant impact on cardiovascular health. Regular screenings are crucial for early detection and effective management of hypertension.
CRISPR/Cas technology has advanced diagnostics and gene therapy, enabling fast and accurate disease diagnosis and treating untreatable diseases like cancer and blood disorders. Recent advances in CRISPR-Cas technologies are highlighted, with a discussion of the strength and challenges for its future clinical usage.
A study investigated maternal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women with and without COVID-19, finding COVID-19 diagnosis associated with increased risks of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth. The results highlight the need for enhanced prenatal care and monitoring for pregnant women with COVID-19.
A review paper examines the history and evolution of neutral particle analysis (NPA), a powerful diagnostic technique for harnessing fusion power. NPA has played a key role in advancing controlled fusion physics, with its application expected to be crucial in ITER, the world's largest fusion experiment.
The ASN and NKF publish an interim report assessing alternative methods to diagnosing kidney diseases, highlighting the need for a standardized approach. The task force recommends replacing existing equations with a new method that is accurate, representative, and unbiased.
A new rapid 'leaf-disk assay' uses chlorophyll fluorescence emissions to determine herbicide resistance. The technique quickly identifies resistant populations, enabling growers to take proactive steps against spreading resistant weeds.
Researchers evaluated the association between a recent dementia diagnosis and suicide attempt among older adults. The study found that individuals with dementia were at a higher risk of attempting suicide compared to those without the condition.
A new treatment for late-stage neuroendocrine tumors has been shown to be more effective and have fewer side effects than the current standard of care. Researchers found that a modified therapy, known as 177Lu-DOTA-EB-TATE, is safest and produces the best tumor response when given in specific doses.
A study by The Endocrine Society found that transgender youth are 1.8x more likely to have abnormal cholesterol levels and 1.4x more likely to have liver dysfunction compared to cisgender youth. This highlights the need for better management of health in this population.
Researchers found that a widely used technique for autism screening is being misused, leading to potential misdiagnoses. The University of Bath team calls for an urgent review and recommends using the correct cut-off score of '6 or above' instead of NICE's 'more than 6 out of 10'.
A study found that women with diabetes are less likely to use effective contraception after their diagnosis, contradicting the American Diabetes Association's recommendation. The researchers hope to improve comprehensive care for pregnant women with diabetes by providing full range of safe and effective contraceptive options.