Articles tagged with Medical Diagnosis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that increasing physical activity after a breast cancer diagnosis is associated with a lower risk of death, regardless of pre-diagnosis activity levels. Postmenopausal women who were insufficiently active before diagnosis but sufficiently active after diagnosis had a 50% reduced risk of overall mortality.
A new study by Anglia Ruskin University reveals that many over-50s diagnosed with autism late in life had grown up believing they were 'bad people', citing lack of support as a major issue. The research suggests receiving a diagnosis can be a positive eureka moment, bringing relief and understanding.
Researchers analyzed Reddit postings to understand the demand for crowd-diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases. The study found that a significant proportion of requests were made after consulting with healthcare professionals, raising questions about the role of social media in healthcare decision-making.
A study found that 58% of Reddit users seeking medical advice for STDs explicitly requested a crowd-diagnosis, with 31% including a picture of symptoms. The majority of diagnoses were received within a day, but many were wildly inaccurate, posing risks to public health.
Researchers developed guidelines to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision-making for patients with MDS and CMML. The guide provides technical aspects, quality controls, and step-by-step instructions for applying Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in hospitals and laboratories.
Researchers investigated weight loss surgery and skin cancer risk among 4,000 Swedish patients. The study found a significant association between the two, suggesting that weight loss surgery may reduce skin cancer risk.
A new UK study finds that psychiatric diagnoses are seldom used as entry criteria for NHS mental health services, instead relying on broad clusters of difficulties and the specialist skills of staff. This challenges the long-held assumption that diagnoses are essential for accessing care, opening the way for alternative and more scient...
Researchers found that aspirin use was associated with a lower risk of death among patients with biliary tract cancer, which includes gallbladder cancer. The observational study included nearly 3,000 patients and suggests that long-term aspirin use may be beneficial for these patients.
African Americans and Hispanics start treatment later than whites with associated higher costs, delaying organ damage and poor outcomes. The study's lead author notes that minorities are not receiving timely treatment to achieve adequate clinical gains.
A new study has discovered a non-invasive method to diagnose osteoarthritis by detecting high-frequency sounds from knee joint components, showing promise for improved diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. The technique involves attaching small microphones to knees and analyzing sound waveforms during movement phases.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of seven studies with 4.3 million participants found a potential association between bipolar disorder and an increased likelihood of a subsequent Parkinson disease diagnosis. However, subgroup analyses suggest possible overestimation of the magnitude of the associations.
A Rutgers study reveals that new risk factors have emerged for heart valve infections, which can be deadly and affect patients with heart disease or artificial valves. The study found a significant increase in hospital-acquired cases, attributed to staphylococcus bacteria, highlighting the need for tailored prevention strategies.
Babies born weighing under 3.6kg are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes by 50.0 years vs 51.3 years, with lower BMI and higher HDL cholesterol at diagnosis. Low birthweight affects risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the same way irrespective of BMI and HDL cholesterol.
A UK study found that the proportion of younger adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has increased since the start of the century. Younger cases have a more aggressive metabolic profile, including higher BMI, blood glucose levels, and cholesterol levels. This trend is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
Individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia face a high risk of heart attack and stroke despite receiving multiple cholesterol-lowering treatments. The study found that only 52% of adults with FH meet LDL-cholesterol targets, highlighting the need for more aggressive treatment.
A major new study has found that cancer patients who miss an urgent referral appointment for their symptoms are 12% more likely to die within 12 months of diagnosis. The study also revealed that non-attending patients with cancer had a higher risk of advanced stage disease at diagnosis, which can lead to poorer outcomes.
Researchers found that nearly all dementia diagnoses were made by non-specialist physicians, leading to missed opportunities for more accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment. The study highlights the need for better training and tools for primary care doctors to diagnose dementia subtypes.
Researchers at Aarhus University have found evidence that Parkinson's disease may arise in the intestinal system, with harmful proteins like alpha-synuclein migrating to the brain and heart. This new study suggests that understanding how the disease starts could lead to more effective treatments.
A new study published in Neurology found that facial pain is a common symptom of headaches, affecting up to 10% of people with primary headaches. The study suggests that facial pain may be a distinct syndrome rather than just a headache variant.
Researchers found that around 21% of dermatologists rarely/never perform fungal preparations due to perceived adequacy or time concerns, while 25% with CLIA certification reported difficulty in obtaining the necessary certifications. The study emphasizes the need for increased education and policy-based interventions to ease the process.
A post-mortem study in a Mozambican hospital reveals that tuberculosis (TB) cases were often missed by clinicians and traditional autopsy methods. The study found that 28% of patients had the disease at the time of death, with a higher prevalence among HIV-positive adults.
A new study found that compensatory strategies used by people with autism have both positive and negative outcomes, increasing social integration but potentially resulting in poor mental health. The study highlights the need for increased awareness among clinicians and support for those who need it.
A new study published in Annals of Surgical Oncology suggests that delaying chemotherapy after breast cancer surgery can lead to poorer overall survival. The research found that patients who received postoperative chemotherapy within four months of diagnosis had better survival rates than those whose treatment was delayed.
Researchers found that people with osteoarthritis were at a higher risk of dying from cardiovascular disease compared to the general population. The study, published in Lund University, followed 469,000 people for 11 years and found a significant link between osteoarthritis and increased mortality from cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers identified three major disease categories associated with a high number of misdiagnoses. Vascular events, infections, and cancers account for nearly three-fourths of serious harms from diagnostic errors. The study's findings highlight the importance of improving bedside diagnostic decision-making in healthcare systems.
A new study by UK and US researchers found that WHO mental health diagnostic descriptions often focus on external symptoms, leading to alienation and misunderstanding among patients. The research recommends incorporating more information about the felt-experience into the guidelines to improve understanding and empathy for service users.
Researchers call for better diagnosis and treatment protocols due to misdiagnosis, resource waste, and patient discomfort associated with BMS. The condition's symptoms can be easily treated if underlying causes are identified.
Depressive symptoms in patients newly diagnosed with lymphoma or multiple myeloma were linked to shorter survival rates. Patients who remained depressed or recovered from depressive symptoms had reduced life expectancy compared to those without depressive symptoms.
A large-scale data study conducted by Swansea University researchers has identified early warning signs of eating disorders, including higher rates of other mental disorders and prescription medications. The findings may enable GPs to detect these conditions earlier, leading to better outcomes for patients.
Researchers analyzed data from a large, multi-ethnic sample and found that the 0.70 threshold provided discrimination of COPD-related hospitalization and mortality comparable to other fixed thresholds. The study supports the continued use of FEV1/FVC <0.70 to identify individuals at risk of clinically significant COPD.
A survey shows a wide variation in UK heart failure care, with some areas having fewer than seven nurses per 1,600 patients. Many services lack administrative support and mental health professionals, despite updated guidelines recommending best practice for diagnosis and management.
A University of Colorado study found that young-onset patients with colorectal cancer often experience prolonged rectal bleeding before diagnosis, leading to advanced stage cancer at the time of diagnosis. The average delay between symptom onset and diagnosis was 294 days.
A Canadian study found women experiencing minor strokes or TIAs are 10% more likely to receive non-stroke diagnoses. Researchers highlight the importance of recognizing atypical symptoms and accurate diagnosis for prevention and treatment.
A study found that Blacks, Asians/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics are at increased risk of developing kidney, neurological, and blood problems following a lupus diagnosis. This highlights the need for greater awareness and early treatment in these populations.
A UK study of 93,000 adults with heart failure reveals diagnostic tests, drug prescriptions, and follow-up patterns are suboptimal, particularly for women and those over 75 years old. The research highlights the need for improved care systems to address these gaps in chronic disease management.
Long-term opiate therapy rates persistently high for at least five years in cancer survivors, increasing over time. Cancer survivors diagnosed later had higher opioid prescribing rates than those diagnosed earlier.
Women are often prevented from seeking early treatment for pelvic organ prolapse due to confusion about symptoms and feelings of shame. The condition causes pain, incontinence, and psychological distress, but conservative treatments can be effective if detected early.
Researchers investigated risk factors for melanoma dissemination and the impact of time on distant relapse. The findings provide valuable information for improving melanoma treatment outcomes.
A UK study found that only one-third of patients with suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs) actually have evidence of the infection. In reality, nearly all patients receive antibiotics, which contributes to antimicrobial resistance. The study suggests implementing antimicrobial stewardship initiatives could reduce unnecessary antib...
A new research unit at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin aims to improve the identification and diagnosis of rare genetic diseases by analyzing non-coding DNA sequences. The researchers will develop software for whole-genome data analysis, enhancing our understanding of gene regulation and transcription.
Researchers develop new sequencing technologies to identify genetic causes of Opitz C Syndrome, which can cause significant clinical variability. The study's findings suggest that precise molecular diagnosis is crucial for therapeutic intervention and prenatal counseling.
A Rutgers study found that clinicians are more likely to misdiagnose African-Americans with schizophrenia, overlooking depressive symptoms and emphasizing psychotic ones instead. The study suggests a need for screening major depression when assessing black patients for schizophrenia.
Francoise Mornex, a renowned French oncologist, has been awarded the prestigious Heine H. Hansen Award for her groundbreaking contributions to the treatment of lung cancer. Her research focuses on combined chemoradiation strategies, multimodality treatment, and innovative radiotherapy techniques.
Researchers created a nano-bot with magnetic 'tweezers' that can position a bead inside a human cell in three dimensions with unprecedented precision. The technology has been used to study cancer cells, showing the nucleus is not equally stiff in all directions and providing new insights for diagnosis.
A study of over 675,000 cancer patients found that those with a psychiatric history were 73% more likely to die from their cancer. The risk increased with the level of psychiatric help, suggesting that stress may affect the body's biological systems.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that long-term use of oral hormone therapy is associated with a small increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in postmenopausal women. Women who used hormone therapy for over 10 years had an increased risk, especially those diagnosed at age 60 or older.
A collection of 27 papers has been compiled to better understand the pathophysiology of endocrinopathic laminitis in horses. The research highlights the key role of insulin dysregulation and equine metabolic syndrome in driving the condition.
A large UK study found that heart failure survival rates have only improved modestly since 2000, with significant disparities in outcomes across different socioeconomic groups. The research highlights the need for increased investment in heart failure services to address these inequalities.
A recent study found that only fair agreement exists between clinicians' diagnosis of fibromyalgia and the published criteria used by the American College of Rheumatology. Clinicians failed to identify nearly half of patients who met the criteria, highlighting a need for improved diagnostic methods.
A UK study found lower cognitive scores and earlier dementia diagnoses in Asian and Black patients compared to White patients. The research highlights the need for tailored prevention initiatives and early diagnosis across ethnic groups.
A new study found that people with Alzheimer's disease who used antiepileptic drugs had more accumulated hospital days compared to those without. The study, published in the Journal of American Medical Directors Association, suggests a potential risk-benefit ratio for antiepileptic drug use in older adults with Alzheimer's disease.
A comprehensive US study found only 13% of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions were appropriate, highlighting the widespread overuse of antibiotics. The study used a novel classification scheme and evaluated all 91,738 diagnosis codes in ICD-10, categorizing each for antibiotic appropriateness.
A new study found that nearly a quarter of antibiotic prescriptions for children and adults may be unnecessary, with 1 in 7 patients receiving antibiotics for cases that were not medically justified. This highlights the need to reduce antibiotic overuse and its consequences, including contributing to antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
A recent study of 5.9 million individuals found that the risk of developing a second mental health disorder is increased, even 15 years after an initial diagnosis. Younger people are significantly more at risk of developing multiple mental health disorders over time.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that nearly a quarter of antibiotic prescriptions for privately insured outpatients in the US were inappropriate. Inappropriate prescribing was more common among adults than children, with colds, chest infections, and coughs being the three most common reasons.
Researchers have developed a reliable method to measure the length of the Huntingtin gene, which causes Huntington's disease. The new technique reduces analysis time from over five hours to just five minutes, significantly speeding up diagnosis. This breakthrough has potential applications for other trinucleotide diseases.
Diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents relies on clinical phenotype, LDL-C levels, and family history. Effective treatment approaches include statins, with ezetimibe and bile acid sequestrants used as second-line agents.
A study suggests that older adults with newly diagnosed heart failure can continue to drink moderate amounts without worsening their condition. Moderate drinkers had an average survival benefit of over a year longer than abstainers.
A study of 393 patients found that limited alcohol consumption was associated with increased survival, with an average additional year of life at 383 days compared to abstinence. However, the optimal levels of alcohol consumption for adults with heart failure remain unknown.
A study identified 14 gene variants associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including three new variants. The findings suggest shared genetic architecture for different diagnosis criteria and links to other conditions like metabolic disorders, depression, and male pattern baldness.