Articles tagged with Diabetes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that bariatric surgery increases levels of bile acids in the blood, improving glucose metabolism and weight loss. The study suggests a new target for treating obesity and diabetes, offering a potential future therapeutic approach.
Researchers used CT angiography to assess coronary artery plaque volume index (PVI) in asymptomatic diabetic patients. PVI was related to age, BMI, and duration of diabetes, highlighting the importance of obesity as a modifiable risk factor.
Researchers found that activating a receptor, Gpr109a, can inhibit inflammation in the retina and prevent vision damage in diabetes. The new grant will enable long-term studies to evaluate the therapeutic potential of this approach.
Researchers Jonathan Powell, G. William Wong, and Elias Zambidis will explore novel treatments for diabetes using protein design, hormone discovery, and stem cell therapy.
A study found that low birth weight and maternal conditions like diabetes and overweight/obesity are associated with an increased risk of childhood kidney disease. Researchers suggest that modifying these factors could help protect children's kidney health and reduce the incidence of CKD.
Researchers at Indiana University have developed a new technique that can detect microscopic changes in the retina caused by diabetes, which may indicate potential sight-threatening complications. The instrument uses adaptive optics to provide highly magnified retinal images and identify subtle changes in blood vessels.
Cases of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the US have nearly doubled since 1988, with obesity contributing to the surge. The burden of the disease is not evenly distributed, with higher rates among blacks, Hispanics, and the elderly.
A new delirium severity score helps predict hospital outcomes in patients with delirium. The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) scoring system is validated for predicting adverse outcomes, including prolonged hospital stay and functional decline. Additionally, a US survey shows that obesity contributes to the dramatic increase in diabet...
A study by Women's College Hospital found women with diabetes are 14% less likely to get mammograms, despite higher breast cancer risk. Low socioeconomic status exacerbates this disparity.
Two studies confirmed NAFLD as an independent cardiovascular risk factor, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and carotid plaques. Improvement in liver health through treatment is associated with a reduced risk of developing diabetes.
Researchers identified a protein, nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), that can be altered to increase energy expenditures. Reducing NNMT levels in fat and liver cells dramatically reduces obesity and diabetes development in mice.
A new study finds that adult patients with diabetes who trust their medical provider and feel included in treatment decisions are more likely to take and maintain a newly prescribed antidepressant medication. Shared decision-making is also associated with better adherence later in the course of antidepressant treatment.
Research links sleep apnea with higher blood sugar levels, highlighting the need for clinicians to monitor diabetes in patients with sleep apnea. The study found a significant correlation between glucose concentration and sleep apnea severity.
A 25-year study of 76 rhesus monkeys found that those with calorie-restricted diets experienced a significant reduction in mortality and age-associated diseases. The study contradicts an earlier report on monkeys, which suggested no differences in survival rates between caloric restriction and control groups.
A recent study published in JAMA found that metformin treatment did not improve ventricular function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) without diabetes. The study showed no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction between the metformin and placebo groups.
The meta-analysis found that ACEIs reduce the risk of death from all causes by 13%, cut the risk of CV deaths by 17%, and lower the risk of major CV events by 14%. In contrast, ARBs did not affect all-cause mortality, CV death rate, or major CV events in patients with diabetes.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that stronger adolescents and teens have significantly lower risks of heart disease and diabetes. The research suggests that muscle strength may play an equally important role in cardiometabolic health in children, particularly in those with higher strength-to-body-mass ratios.
Researchers found Gen X has significantly poorer health status, higher obesity rates, and no difference in physical activity compared to Baby Boomers. The study suggests drastic lifestyle changes, such as increased sedentary behavior and access to unhealthy food, contribute to earlier development of age-related conditions.
A pooled analysis of studies found that adherence to the Mediterranean diet reduced diabetes risk by 21%, with an even greater reduction in those at high cardiovascular risk. The diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, may also help prevent obesity-related complications.
A recent study found that individuals with diabetes who experience major depressive symptoms are at a significantly higher risk of developing kidney failure. In contrast, minor depressive symptoms were not found to have a significant association with kidney disease development.
A study of nearly 300,000 adults found that adding glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) information to conventional cardiovascular risk factors had little impact on predicting cardiovascular disease risk. Higher HbA1c levels were previously associated with increased CVD incidence, but this analysis did not find clinically meaningful improvement.
A new study published in Diabetes Care found that women who fail to lose excess weight within the first year after giving birth are at increased risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The research followed 305 patients and discovered that those who gained weight showed a clear increase in risk factors.
Researchers have successfully implanted encapsulated human embryonic stem cell-derived pancreatic cells under the skin of animal models with diabetes, producing sufficient insulin to maintain glucose levels. The study suggests that these cells may be a promising treatment option for insulin-dependent diabetes.
The Lancet journals publish a special collection on tuberculosis, highlighting emerging challenges like drug-resistant strains and poor treatment outcomes. New anti-tuberculosis drugs and host-directed therapies are being developed to improve treatment efficacy.
A study published in Neurology found that developing diabetes and high blood pressure in middle age is associated with brain cell loss and cognitive problems later in life. Middle-aged individuals with these conditions had smaller brain volume and increased risk of thinking and memory issues compared to those without the conditions.
The Alberta Diabetes Institute has launched a new $600,000 partnership to advance early-stage technologies for Type I and II diabetes. The three-year fund will support novel discovery research with high commercialization potential.
Dr. Roger Unger has been awarded the 2014 Rolf Luft Award for his groundbreaking research on glucagon, which he identified as a key hormone balancing insulin regulation of blood sugar. His work revealed diabetes is a bihormonal disease with insufficiency of insulin and excess glucagon.
The Affordable Care Act's impact on healthcare coverage will significantly affect population health management providers, employers, and employees. New models of population health management services delivery are proposed to address these changes.
A large analysis of international studies suggests a time-dependent link between diabetes and pancreatic cancer. Screening programs may be necessary for patients with new-onset diabetes, particularly those without significant risk factors.
Research published in Diabetologia found that cancer patients with diabetes have a higher risk of early death due to the combination of diabetes and cancer. Patients treated with insulin had the highest mortality rate, while those with oral hypoglycaemic agents or no treatment showed lower risks
The study found that nearly 4 million Latinas were never told they were at risk for diabetes, highlighting the need for effective and culturally sensitive follow-up care and case management. Alternate sites like optometry venues, pharmacies, or places of worship could increase access to education and self-management programs.
A study identifies a key role for RBP4 in insulin resistance and inflammation of fat tissue, leading to an increased risk of diabetes. Researchers found that elevated RBP4 levels activate immune cells, triggering chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.
A new tissue repair drug has been shown to improve healing rates for diabetic foot ulcers, reducing the risk of amputation. Patients treated with the drug were twice as likely to have their ulcers heal within eight weeks compared to those receiving a placebo.
The US FDA has approved metreleptin as a treatment for generalized lipodystrophy, a condition characterized by near-complete absence of fat tissue. Leptin replacement therapy has been shown to control severe insulin resistance and lower triglyceride levels in patients with severe generalized lipodystrophy.
A study of 39 young adults found that consuming polyunsaturated fat resulted in less body fat and more muscle mass than consuming saturated fat. This is significant for preventing obesity-related disorders like type-2 diabetes, as it suggests that a diet rich in unsaturated fats may help regulate fat distribution.
A study by the American Academy of Neurology found that fatal heart attacks and strokes among firefighters frequently follow vigorous physical activity. The researchers analyzed data from 1998 to 2012 and discovered that 148 out of 199 events occurred after vigorous exercise lasting an average of 33 minutes.
A study of 267 CKD patients found that 69.3% experienced at least one hazardous event related to their outpatient care, with hypoglycemia and falling/severe dizziness being common complications.
Researchers found a specific genetic flaw in the KCNE2 gene that is connected to sudden cardiac death due to heart arrhythmia. This discovery could lead to improved early detection and prevention strategies for people at higher risk, such as those with diabetes.
A new study by Joslin Diabetes Center identified three core factors and thirteen strategies to increase buy-in from practice teams in transitioning to Patient-Centered Medical Homes (PCMHs). The findings emphasize the importance of effective communication, resource utilization, team environment, defined work roles, and targeted resources.
A new study reveals that high levels of glucose in diabetes patients induce the production of PGC-1alpha in endothelial cells, preventing them from growing properly. This leads to vascular dysfunction and impaired wound healing, increasing the risk of microvascular complications.
A cluster randomized trial found that an educational toolkit did not improve quality of care or outcomes for patients with diabetes. The study, published in PLOS Medicine, involved over 900,000 people aged ≥40 years with diagnosed diabetes in Ontario, Canada.
A large international study found an independent association between diabetes and depression as well as impulse control disorders, including binge-eating and bulimia. Depression increased the risk of diabetes by 30%, while binge-eating disorder increased the risk by 2.6 times.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University discover a simple blood test can predict diabetes risk up to five years before symptoms appear. The test uses A1c levels to identify high-risk patients, who may benefit from earlier diagnosis and treatment.
A study involving 186 Type II diabetes patients found that health coaching significantly improved oral health by reducing biological markers for periodontitis by 50% and long-range blood sugar levels. The coaching group also showed increased self-efficacy in handling illness and health issues.
Studies suggest that maintaining a normal level of the protein SirT1 may be effective in preventing obesity- and age-related diseases. Researchers have demonstrated that changing three amino acids on SirT1 can produce a 'super-sirt' that functions normally despite metabolic stress.
A new study published in Diabetologia confirms that working-age adults with diabetes are at a higher risk of influenza compared to non-diabetic individuals. The research suggests that vaccinating this group could be cost-effective and mitigate healthcare costs associated with flu-related hospitalizations.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich have made a breakthrough in creating insulin-producing beta cells from stem cells. By understanding the molecular regulation of stem cell differentiation, they can generate functional specialized cells for regenerative therapy approaches to chronic diseases like diabetes. This discovery has significant i...
A study by Joslin Diabetes Center found that care managers in Patient-Centered Medical Homes (PCMHs) increased improvements in diabetes patients. Care managers who were embedded in the care team and used electronic medical records showed better patient outcomes.
Researchers found self-rated health to be a strong predictor of depression risk in patients with recent depressive symptoms. Family physicians can assess self-rated health using a simple question and integrate indirect methods to explore treatment expectations, promoting collaborative relationships and improved antibiotic prescribing.
Researchers discovered that fermentable fibers help regulate glucose production in the intestine, reducing the risk of diabetes and obesity. Animals fed a fiber-rich diet became less fat and developed insulin sensitivity.
A new study reveals that living in densely populated neighborhoods can decrease the risk of developing diabetes and obesity. The design of Toronto's neighborhoods, such as Bridle Path-Sunnybrook-York Mills, Edenbridge-Humber Valley, and Morningside, encourage walking and discourage driving, leading to a lower risk of these health issues.
Studies examine how depleted food budgets can increase risk of hypoglycemia among low-income individuals with diabetes. Additionally, researchers find that workers with diabetes are more likely to retire earlier in countries worldwide.
Researchers have found that fructosamine and glycated albumin are strongly associated with retinopathy and kidney disease in patients with diabetes. These tests could potentially replace the standard Hemoglobin A1c test, which is not valid for some patients.
Panel members of the Institute of Medicine's Eighth Joint National Committee opposed relaxing systolic blood pressure targets to 150 mmHg, citing insufficient evidence. The decision may reduce antihypertensive treatment intensity, potentially reversing declines in cardiovascular disease mortality rates.
A study by researchers at the Medical College of Georgia has identified two players that must work together to destroy vision in patients with diabetes. The findings suggest that blocking the production of reactive oxygen species by either retinal cells or white blood cells may be a viable strategy for intervention.
Research by the University of Exeter Medical School reveals two new genetic causes of neonatal diabetes, providing insights into how insulin-producing beta cells are formed in the pancreas. This discovery increases the number of known genetic causes of neonatal diabetes, offering hope for improved treatment and potential therapies.
Elevated tyrosine levels in obese individuals are linked to a higher risk of developing diabetes. Researchers propose that tyrosine may directly affect insulin signaling, leading to increased blood sugar levels.
Researchers found that patients with congenital arrhythmia produce twice the amount of insulin after consuming sugar, leading to drastically low blood sugar levels. The discovery could have significant implications for treatment of diabetes and management of hypoglycaemia.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in packaging insulin into tiny sacs that can be absorbed through the gut, overcoming digestive enzyme hurdles. The new delivery system has shown promising results in rats, with blood glucose levels lowered almost as much as injected insulin.
The new guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for treating high blood pressure in adults, with a focus on reducing disease burden and improving health outcomes. The report recommends specific treatment thresholds and medication choices based on age, diabetes status, and kidney function.