Articles tagged with Lesions
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A lower glycemic index diet has been shown to delay the development of age-related retinal lesions in mice, which are similar to those seen in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. The study found that mice on a lower GI diet had fewer and less-severe lesions than those on a higher GI diet.
A study found that elite female marathoners have less plaque buildup than their sedentary counterparts, with similar characteristics when plaque forms. In contrast, male marathon runners tend to develop more plaque volume and stenosis.
The TWENTE trial demonstrated non-inferiority between zotarolimus- and everolimus-eluting stents, with low rates of target vessel failure and stent thrombosis. The study showed similar efficacy in a broad patient population with complex lesions and 'off-label' indications.
The EVOLVE trial found that a bioabsorbable polymer stent was non-inferior to traditional durable polymer stents in treating de novo coronary artery disease, with lower rates of late events and reduced need for dual antiplatelet therapy.
The PEPCAD-DES trial demonstrated paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty is more effective than plain old uncoated-balloon angioplasty in treating drug-eluting stent restenosis. The procedure resulted in lower late lumen loss, binary restenosis rates, and major adverse cardiac events.
Researchers found that polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stents resulted in significantly lower in-stent late loss at six months compared to paclitaxel-eluting stents. The trial, NEXT, demonstrated non-inferiority of these stents in de novo native coronary artery lesions.
The PROFI trial found that proximal balloon occlusion resulted in fewer cerebral ischemic lesions compared to filter protection during carotid artery stenting. This reduction was associated with a lower risk of stroke and other major adverse cardiovascular events.
The REMEDEE trial demonstrated that the new dual therapy stent effectively controls neointimal proliferation, with low rates of clinical events and comparable results to paclitaxel-eluting stents. The study showed non-inferiority compared to a clinically proven stent in ischemic heart disease patients.
A clinical trial testing rotational atherectomy prior to implantation of a drug-eluting stent found that the process was not superior to standard balloon angioplasty and decreased the efficacy of the stent. Rotablation followed by drug-eluting stenting is not supported by randomized studies in complex calcified lesions.
Researchers at UTHealth successfully performed carotid artery stenting on 10 high-risk patients without complications or deaths. The procedure showed promising results, particularly in patients with symptoms of stroke related to their carotid artery disease.
A Mayo Clinic study of 1,382 procedures found no increased risk of bleeding in patients taking anti-clotting drugs during removal of precancerous lesions. Bleeding was more common when procedures were performed on the esophagus and stomach, but not linked to medication use.
A new study found that a drug treatment called fasudil prevents the formation of lesions in cerebral cavernous malformation, a brain blood vessel abnormality. The treatment was tested in mice and showed promise as a potential replacement for complex surgery.
A survey of 304 hair professionals found that 69% would give customers a skin cancer pamphlet and 25% share general health information. The study suggests that hair professionals are acting as lay health advisors for skin cancer detection and prevention, and could be trained to become confident educators.
A study found that narrow band imaging is a less time-consuming and equally effective alternative to chromoendoscopy for detecting dysplasia in IBD patients, but with a higher miss rate. The researchers concluded that chromoendoscopy remains the recommended technique for detecting dysplasia.
A study using MRI techniques has identified patients with recent strokes who can benefit from timely thrombosis treatment. The technique, combining diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), enables the pinpointing of the stroke's onset time, which is crucial for determining treatment efficacy.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have identified a genetic variant associated with the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. The variant, located in the TLL1 gene, was found to correlate strongly with the extent of coronary disease, even better than traditional clinical factors.
A large-scale review of DBE found a pooled detection rate of 68.1% for all small intestinal diseases, with inflammatory lesions and vascular lesions being the most common findings in suspected mid-gastrointestinal bleeding patients. The study concluded that DBE is a valuable modality with acceptable detection and complication rates.
A new type of MRI scan, diffusion-weighted MRI, has been shown to be more accurate in detecting lung cancer than current PET-CT scans. This non-invasive technique measures water movement in lung tissue and can detect structural changes caused by cancer even in early stages.
Researchers discovered microscopic lesions in 30% of brains without diagnosed brain disease or stroke, linking small vessel disease to age-related decline. The study highlights the need for new diagnostic tools to capture these undetected cases and potentially mitigate their impact.
A study found that microscopic lesions in 30% of older brains without diagnosed disease could cause common signs of aging, such as slower walking and balance issues. The researchers suggest that undiagnosed small vessel disease needs additional tools for detection.
Researchers found a significant correlation between pericardial fat thickness and coronary arterial remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease. Patients with higher pericardial fat thickness were more likely to have non-calcified plaque and positive remodeling, which are related to acute coronary syndrome.
A new study finds that retroflexion technique during colonoscopy on the right side of the colon detects additional adenomatous polyps in approximately four percent of patients, comparable to a second forward-view colonoscopy. The technique is safe and achievable in 95% of patients.
A recent study published in CMAJ found that the immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) is an effective tool for screening for bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal tract. The test was specific for almost 90% of colorectal cancers and adenomas, highlighting its value as a diagnostic tool.
A University of North Carolina-led international study shows that male circumcision is associated with a lower prevalence of human papillomavirus-associated precancerous lesions of the penis among Kenyan men. Circumcision was found to reduce HPV-associated penile precancerous lesions by 78%.
A study published in Archives of Dermatology found that physician-detected melanomas are thinner and more often detected in the early stage compared to patient-detected lesions. Physician-based screening was associated with a higher overall patient-detection rate, with most lesions found by patients due to changes in appearance.
A Purdue University study found that four popular fungicides have lost effectiveness against apple scab in Indiana and Michigan. The fungus has developed resistance, making it difficult for growers to manage their orchards without using older, more expensive fungicides.
A recent study found a possible gender link in knee injuries, with females showing a higher rate of full-thickness articular cartilage lesions after ACL injuries. The research suggests that gender may be a significant risk factor for these types of injuries, along with age and time between injury and surgery.
A study introduced at SNM's 58th Annual Meeting found that 4D PET imaging using state-of-the-art image reconstruction and motion correction significantly improves cancer detection. This method provides clearer images, especially for small lesions, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and better treatment planning.
Among patients referred by non-dermatologists, only one-fifth had a malignant primary lesion, while nearly half of all skin cancers discovered were not the referral lesion. Dermatologists found additional incidental malignant lesions, highlighting the importance of focused education on skin cancer detection.
A new study finds that MDCT arthrography is more accurate than MR arthrography in detecting labro-ligamentous injuries, glenoid cartilage lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures related to anterior shoulder instability. The imaging modality also shows high sensitivity for identifying glenoid rim fractures.
A study found that individuals with asymptomatic herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection can still shed the virus, highlighting a high risk of transmission to unsuspecting sexual partners. This poses a significant concern for public health and patient management.
Researchers used carbon dating to determine the age of carotid plaques in humans, finding that plaque formation occurs during a relatively short and late time period in life. The study also found an association between low plaque age, higher insulin levels, and instability.
The RESOLUTE All Comers trial confirms that the new-generation Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent is clinically equivalent to the Xience V everolimus-eluting stent after 2 years. The study included patients with complex lesions and acute coronary syndromes, demonstrating improved safety and efficacy of the zotarolimus-eluting stent.
A study of 523 patients aged 6-17 years found that non-operative sealing of manifest occlusal caries lesions resulted in a significant reduction in caries progression and improvement in tooth health. The results indicate the possibility of extending the criteria for non-operative sealing, but further observation is needed.
The revised McDonald Criteria simplify the diagnostic process by incorporating new data on MRI, speeding up diagnosis while maintaining accuracy. The updated criteria apply primarily to individuals with clinically isolated syndrome or symptoms consistent with a central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease.
Researchers found significant improvements in lesion detection with whole-body TOF FDG PET scans, particularly in larger patients and shorter studies. TOF scans yielded better image signal-to-noise due to travel time consideration, reducing scanning time and patient motion.
Researchers have developed a new method for imaging below the skin's surface using a liquid lens setup. This technology provides unprecedented images of tissue up to 1 millimeter deep, allowing for simpler and less invasive detection of skin lesions.
A follow-up program for high-risk patients appears to detect melanomas at early stages and with good prognosis. The study found that 70% of melanomas diagnosed through the follow-up group were in situ, compared to 27.9% in the referred group.
A novel approach to angioplasty using standard guiding catheters has shown a 90% success rate in treating complex coronary lesions through the radial artery. The procedure, known as sheathless transradial PCI, promotes widespread adoption of transradial PCI in the US and offers benefits for patients with even the most complex procedures.
A randomized clinical trial found that celecoxib reduced the incidence of new nonmelanoma skin cancers but not precancerous lesions in patients with actinic keratosis. The study suggests that cyclooxygenase inhibitors may provide an additional benefit to sunscreens in preventing these cancers.
A new compound, ATL313, has shown promise in reversing multiple sclerosis (MS) effects by resetting glial cells to an anti-inflammatory state. The treatment stopped MS-caused paralysis in rats for weeks at a time and could potentially heal lesions, offering a major breakthrough in treating MS symptoms.
The SESAME stent showed 100% technical and procedural success rates, with no major adverse cardiac events or complications at 30 days. At 9 months, patency rates were comparable to balloon expandable stents without embolic protection.
A new study combines digital breast tomosynthesis and diffuse optical tomography to improve breast cancer diagnosis accuracy. The combined imaging system can distinguish between malignant and benign lesions, reducing unnecessary biopsies.
Studies show that everolimus-eluting stent (EES) implantation significantly reduces the incidence of restenosis and repeat revascularization in patients with calcified culprit lesions. EES treatment resulted in higher rates of major cardiac adverse events compared to non-calcified lesions.
A survey of patients undergoing skin cancer screening reveals that women are more likely to seek screening due to a skin lesion, family history, or sun exposure concerns. In contrast, men over 50 tend to only seek screenings after a previous skin cancer diagnosis.
Researchers have discovered a new way that DNA-repair enzymes detect and fix damage to the chemical bases in the genetic code. The newly discovered mechanism detects and repairs a common form of DNA damage called alkylation, which is caused by environmental toxins and chemotherapy drugs.
A recent study conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture found that blueberries can help prevent the growth of atherosclerotic lesions in arteries. The research involved feeding 30 young laboratory mice diets spiked with freeze-dried blueberry powder for 20 weeks, resulting in a significant reduction in lesion size.
Researchers followed approximately 150 patients with angiographically significant coronary lesions to investigate FFR-guided revascularization's safety and effectiveness over a decade. The study found no excess risk of adverse events, including mortality, heart attacks, or need for further revascularization.
Researchers mapped the cerebral cortex to find multiple areas controlling speech, rather than a single Broca's region. This discovery alters our understanding of language development and disorders, requiring future functional analysis of the new organization.
A study found that multiple sclerosis lesions appeared two to three times higher in spring and summer months compared to other seasons. Warmer temperatures and solar radiation were linked to increased disease activity.
Researchers found that virtual colonoscopies (CTC) doubles the yield of identifying significant early extracolonic lesions, resulting in lives saved. CTC also increases the odds of identifying high-risk lesions by 78 percent.
A study found that patients with basal cell carcinoma who have multiple lesions are at higher risk of developing more cancers. Red hair and a higher socioeconomic status were associated with an increased risk of multiple lesions.
A new test for oral cancer, developed by researchers at the University of Sheffield, uses a brush to collect cells from a patient's mouth and analyzes them in under 20 minutes. This technology has the potential to significantly increase early detection rates and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at Duke University have demonstrated a robot's ability to locate and sample lesions in simulated human organs without human assistance. The robot uses artificial intelligence to process real-time data from ultrasound scans and perform tasks such as biopsies.
Researchers developed a noninvasive combination technique that uses ultrasound-guided optical tomography to distinguish early-stage cancers from benign lesions in the breast. The study found that the technique was effective in identifying malignant lesions with high sensitivity and specificity, particularly in smaller lesions.
Dr. Castellani's work challenged the traditional view of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and highlighted the beneficial effects of amyloid formation. He received the award for his outstanding contribution to understanding the neuroprotective role of amyloid-β protein precursor and amyloid-β.
Researchers developed an experimental rat model that mimics the plexiform lesion in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a life-threatening problem. The model is expected to reveal detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms of severe PAH.
Researchers evaluated tumor enhancement patterns using CE 3D US and established diagnostic criteria. Prospective differentiation of focal liver tumors yielded good sensitivity, specificity, and inter-reader agreement, indicating the potential usage of CE 3D US in liver lesion detection.
A new study suggests that indeterminate breast lesions found in high-risk patients should be evaluated more aggressively to exclude a possible malignancy. The research found that 22% of these lesions were proven positive for cancer on follow-up and subsequent biopsy, highlighting the need for earlier evaluation.
Researchers found that pre-treatment quality-of-life scores can predict malignancy in patients with pancreatic lesions and survival in those who have cancer. Patients with lower quality-of-life scores were more likely to have poor survival rates.