Articles tagged with Cancer Screening
A cohort study found that endoscopists performing colonoscopies in FIT-based screening programs should aim for markedly higher ADRs compared to primary colonoscopy screening. The study suggests that high ADRs are associated with lower colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Researchers recommend using ADR targets, including differen...
The author suggests that individuals at average risk between 45 and 49 years old should consider non-invasive screening alternatives, such as fecal immunochemical tests or stool DNA testing. This approach would benefit others who need more invasive screening resources and reduce the strain on colonoscopy services.
Researchers at Duke University developed nanorattles that amplify signals from separate biomarkers, allowing for accurate detection of head and neck cancers without biopsies. The technology uses machine learning algorithms to tease apart multiple biomarker signals, making it possible to target multiple diseases simultaneously.
A study found that trained radiographers perform as well as radiologists in key areas of double reading mammograms, improving cancer detection rates. The results suggest that focused training and experience are key factors in reader performance, not just medical degree or broad radiology education.
A new blood test has shown promising results for detecting multiple types of cancer from tumor DNA in the blood, enabling early detection and potentially changing cancer screening practices. The test's accuracy and effectiveness have been demonstrated in a recent study, with high sensitivity and specificity rates.
Late-breaking results at ESMO Congress 2022 reveal a strong association between air pollution and non-small cell lung cancer, with exposure to particulate matter linked to increased risk. The research underscores the need for environmental sustainability in oncology, particularly in cancer prevention and early detection.
A Cornell-led group of researchers has developed a search method that identifies terms similar to cancer screening tests in colloquial language, expanding conventional data-collection pipelines. The technique was applied to YouTube searches, retrieving relevant videos using words semantically close to the main term.
A large study found that obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with an increased risk of cancer. Patients with more severe OSA were also at a greater risk of developing blood clots. Additionally, a second study linked OSA to a decline in mental processing powers, particularly in the elderly.
Advanced cervical cancer rates have been rising in the US, with a significant increase among White women and higher prevalence among Black women, particularly those in their mid-to-late 50s. The study found that obesity and older age at first birth may contribute to the rise in this type of cervical cancer.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have found that increasing the blood level at which faecal blood testing triggers a colonoscopy invitation can reduce lives lost from bowel cancer. This approach is more effective than changing the gap between screening invitations.
Scientists have developed a smart contact lens that can capture and detect exosomes, nanometer-sized vesicles found in bodily secretions, which hold promise for cancer diagnostics. The lens was designed to bind to antibodies capturing exosomes found in tears, offering a potential platform for non-invasive cancer screening.
Researchers found lower stages of breast cancer in women aged 40-49 compared to those aged 50-59, with a significant decrease in stage 4 cases. This suggests that early detection through regular mammograms can lead to better health outcomes and survival rates.
A new nomogram has been developed to assess lung cancer risk in female non-smokers in China, using data from 151,834 patients. The model identified five independent risk factors, including age, chronic respiratory disease, and menopause, and showed good predictive discrimination.
A recent study published by Wiley suggests that biological sex differences are the primary reason for higher cancer rates in men compared to women. The study analyzed data from 171,274 males and 122,826 females aged 50-71 years and found that incidence was lower in men only for thyroid and gallbladder cancers.
A recent clinical trial led by Massachusetts General Hospital validated a strategy for increasing shared decision-making about colorectal cancer screening in older patients. Brief physician training plus reminders resulted in patients reporting higher quality conversations, with more discussing their preferences and having more options...
Annual PSA screening associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality among non-Hispanic Black men. The study suggests that annual screening may be particularly important for Black men, reducing their risk compared to less frequent screening.
A new study by the American Cancer Society found that older age and smoking are the most important risk factors associated with a higher relative and absolute five-year risk of developing any cancer. The study analyzed data from two large cohort studies and identified excess body fatness, family history of cancer, and other factors as ...
The NHS Breast Screening Programme is associated with modest overdiagnosis of breast cancer, estimated at 3.7% of screen detected cancers. However, the benefits of screening in preventing deaths from breast cancer outweigh this risk, according to a recent study.
Researchers used radiomics-based machine learning models to detect pancreatic cancer on prediagnostic CT scans, identifying it up to 386 days before clinical diagnosis. The AI model showed high accuracy and specificity, with a range of 94-98%, and was unaffected by image variations.
A new study found that most patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed through regular screenings had early-stage disease, leading to long-term survival. The study suggests that surveillance programs can help detect precancerous conditions and cancers early, when they are most treatable.
A national, randomized trial found that intensive telephone-based cessation counseling resulted in a two-fold greater cigarette quit rate than minimal counseling and nicotine replacement. The study also showed significant benefits for people with higher nicotine dependence and those who engaged more with the counseling.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 publications found a global association between COVID-19 measures and reduced breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screenings. This could lead to an increase in avoidable cancer deaths.
Researchers developed a nomogram to predict anal cancer risk in persons with HIV infection, highlighting increased risk among those living with the virus. The model estimates quantitative risk based on patient characteristics, informing screening decisions.
A large clinical trial found treating anal precancerous lesions reduces the risk of developing anal cancer in people with HIV by 57%. The study highlights the need for screening and treating high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) as the standard of care for older HIV+ individuals.
Researchers found eligible younger Americans (45-54) are less likely to meet recommended colorectal cancer screening guidelines due to work, family, insurance, and healthcare barriers. These disparities may worsen as the age group is expanded under new USPSTF recommendations.
A study found that younger U.S. adults are less likely to be screened for colorectal cancer despite being eligible under new guidelines, with greater disparities observed across race, ethnicity, income, education, and insurance coverage. Screening participation increased over time but was smallest among individuals age 50-54.
A recent survey revealed significant gaps in cancer screening among women aged 50-64, with rates as low as 50% for colorectal cancer and 46.5% for both cancers. The study found that patient-centered approaches to screening can facilitate timely testing and management of abnormal results.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found significant disparities in breast biopsy delays among non-white women, with Black women experiencing the longest delays. Structural racism within healthcare facilities and screening site-specific factors contribute to these disparities.
The US Preventive Task Force's revised guidelines have increased the proportion of African Americans screened for lung cancer, a move expected to lead to more lives saved. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, analyzed data from over 800 patients and found that those eligible under the new criteria had a significantly higher rate ...
The American Gastroenterological Association has released a series of evidence-based position statements guiding the creation of a national colorectal cancer screening approach. The goal is to eliminate barriers and reduce mortality by ensuring equitable access to CRC screening programs for all individuals.
A recent study found that certain bacteria species in the gut are associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer in younger populations. The research suggests that dietary patterns high in processed meats, low-calorie drinks, and liquor may contribute to this increased risk.
A national survey study found that colorectal cancer screening increased via stool testing while colonoscopy decreased during the pandemic. Breast and cervical cancer screenings also saw modest declines.
The new guidelines expand indication for screening to all with BRCA 1/2 gene variations, increasing chances of early detection and treatment. The guidelines also acknowledge potential downsides of screening, including false-positive results and encourage careful patient counseling.
A study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant drop in cancer screenings for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers in 2020. The number of women who reported having recent breast cancer or cervical cancer screenings dropped by 6% and 11%, respectively.
A study of 1.3 million women in England found that screening every five years is as effective as three-year intervals for those with a negative HPV screen, and may even prevent more cancers. The study provides reassurance to women aged 24-49 who test negative for HPV.
A minimally invasive device combined with molecular biomarkers has shown a 90% success rate in detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, the predominant subtype of esophageal cancer. Early detection is crucial to improve survival rates, as symptoms often become apparent too late for effective treatment.
According to a study published at the ATS 2022 international conference, nearly half of patients with abnormal findings in lung cancer screening experienced delays in following up. The median delay time was 91 days, with current smokers having longer delays than former smokers.
A new nanosensor platform uses machine learning to analyze spectral signatures of carbon nanotubes for early detection of ovarian cancer. The approach detects biomarkers and recognizes the cancer itself, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods.
A recent study reveals that sexual minority individuals are less likely to undergo cervical cancer screening, with Hispanic individuals facing the most significant disparities. The analysis of 2015–2018 data from the National Health Interview Survey found that white sexual minority participants and Hispanic sexual minority participants...
Research suggests that PSA screening can prevent a significant number of prostate cancer deaths, with lower numbers than previously estimated. The study's findings support the benefits of PSA screening, especially for young healthy men and Black men, who have historically been underrepresented in clinical trials.
New research suggests that PSA screening has remarkably favorable tradeoffs, particularly for Black men, who disproportionately bear the burden of prostate cancer mortality and morbidity. The study's findings support the use of PSA screening for high-risk groups, including Black men, and highlight the need to revise clinical guidelines...
Adults aged 45-64 experienced a nearly doubled rate of esophageal cancer and a 50% increase in Barrett's esophagus between 2012 and 2019. Researchers recommend more frequent screening for middle-aged patients with multiple risk factors.
Researchers developed an algorithm to quickly identify two cancer drugs that work well together, reducing testing time from three years to eight weeks. The new method uses gene expression data to prioritize potential combinations and has been confirmed in lab tests.
Patients with stage II/III esophageal cancer who received delayed surgery had a relative survival rate that was almost half that of patients who underwent early surgery. Early-stage cancer patients did not experience significant differences in survival rates between those who received immediate versus delayed surgery.
Cancer incidence is projected to double in SSA by 2040, with 1.4 million cases per year expected without rapid interventions. Women are more affected by cancer than men in the region, with breast and cervical cancers among the most common types.
A new study from Massachusetts General Hospital found that starting endoscopic screening at age 45 can significantly reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in women. The study included 111,801 women and showed a 50-60% lower risk of CRC among those who started screening at this age.
Canada's cancer rates are declining overall, but new cases and deaths are on the rise due to an aging population and growing numbers. Despite this, efforts in cancer prevention, screening, early detection, and treatment have led to improved survival rates for those diagnosed with cancer.
A new study published in the Journal of Medical Screening found that over half of eligible women (51.4%) prefer self-sampling for cervical cancer screening, as it addresses concerns about embarrassment and provides more flexibility. The study also suggests that many regular screeners may switch to self-sampling if offered the option.
A new study published in Neurology found that women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are less likely to have breast cancer detected through routine screenings, despite being twice as likely to have colorectal cancer detected at an early stage. The researchers also found a higher rate of disability among MS patients, which may affect their ...
A new study suggests that while breast density knowledge may be increasing due to existing state laws, there is still room for improvement. The study found that most women with non-dense breasts did not correctly know their own density, and that lower education was associated with a lower chance of accurately knowing one's own density.
Research from Weill Cornell Medicine found that less prostate cancer screening has reduced overdiagnosis, but increased incidence of high-grade and metastatic disease. The study analyzed over 438,000 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer between 2010 and 2018.
The ESMO Breast Cancer Congress 2022 event will present more than 200 studies on various aspects of breast cancer, including new treatments and innovative clinical practices. The congress will be held onsite in Berlin, Germany, and online, offering a platform for breast cancer specialists to share knowledge and improve patient outcomes.
A study published in Gastroenterology found that artificial intelligence reduced the rate of missed precancerous polyps in colorectal cancer screening by twofold compared to standard colonoscopy. The AI detection method identified smaller, flatter polyps and improved false negative rates.
A recent study by Cathy Bradley found that Medicaid patients with continuous coverage have better cancer survival rates compared to those without. Conversely, screening programs for low-income women may not be as effective as general insurance coverage.
A study suggests that accounting for genetic factors causing normal variations in PSA levels could improve the accuracy of prostate cancer detection. By analyzing data from over 95,000 men, researchers identified a polygenic score that accounted for 7.3-8.7% of variation in baseline PSA levels and was not associated with prostate cancer.
Researchers identified rural Georgia counties with high mortality rates from breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancer. These hotspots were concentrated in the eastern Piedmont to southern Coastal Plain regions, as well as southwestern and northern rural areas.
Researchers identified clofarabine as a promising compound with inhibitory effects on bladder cancer cells, including urothelial carcinoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma. The study suggests potential for clinical trials to treat metastatic bladder cancer patients who cannot receive traditional cisplatin-based therapy.
Patients with mild to moderate kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients had a higher risk of cancer. They also faced a higher risk of dying from cancer, particularly from cancers such as bladder, kidney, and multiple myeloma, compared to those with normal kidney function.
Researchers found a steady decline in annual mammography use by breast cancer survivors between 2009 and 2016, with the largest decrease seen among younger patients. The study highlights the importance of reinforcing the significance of annual mammograms for breast cancer survivors.
Researchers found that modeling studies have been assuming colonoscopies are more accurate than they really are, detecting fewer small adenomas. However, colonoscopy still appears effective in finding precursors of cancer.