Articles tagged with Immunotherapy
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Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys have discovered a new way to boost the immune system's ability to fight cancer. The study found that a PD-1 inhibitor can be used to treat tumors that currently do not respond to this therapy, when administered in mice lacking the Siah2 gene.
Researchers found that injecting seasonal flu vaccines into tumors in mice increased systemic immune responses and sensitivity to treatments. The results suggest that antipathogen vaccines may find additional benefit as cancer immunotherapies, potentially converting cold tumors to 'hot' states.
A study published in Clinical Cancer Research identified neoantigens in 184 patients with multiple myeloma, showing an increase in these genetic markers in patients who had relapsed. The researchers found common neoantigens between patients, which could lead to new vaccine therapies.
A phase II clinical trial found that a small proportion of men with end-stage prostate cancer responded to pembrolizumab, an immunotherapy treatment, and lived for two years or more. The study identified a group of patients with DNA repair gene mutations who responded particularly well to the treatment.
Results from NRG-GOG 9929 show that ipilimumab is tolerated in the curative treatment of women with lymph node-positive cervical cancer. The trial found a 12-month progression-free survival rate of 81% and overall survival rate of 90%. Future studies are needed to identify therapeutic targets for improved outcomes.
A study published in Cancer Immunology Research uses AI to analyze changes in CT scans before and after immunotherapy treatment, predicting patient response. The researchers found that textural changes, not just tumor size, are a better indicator of therapy effectiveness.
UNC Lineberger researchers have discovered a method to identify triple negative breast cancer tumors that will respond to immunotherapy. The findings, published in the journal Cell, could help guide patients to the right treatments and lead to new approaches to make drugs work in cancers that don't initially respond.
Researchers found that allergy shots significantly improved PFAS symptoms in 11 out of 20 surveyed children, with no reported worsening. The treatment showed promise for kids receiving allergy shots and suffering from PFAS.
Gajewski's research found that a 'hot' or T cell inflamed tumour microenvironment is key to unlocking immunotherapy efficacy. STING agonists and targeted therapies are being developed to combat 'cold' tumours with limited immune response.
Moffitt researchers discovered that the STING protein signaling pathway induces an inflammatory response and enables immune cells to recognize human melanoma cells. Activation of STING results in production of interferon-beta and CXCL10, stimulating inflammation and immune response.
Researchers at King's College London have found that immunotherapy for peanut allergy reduces sensitivity to peanuts, providing some protection against accidental reactions. However, the treatment does not cure allergies and can actually increase allergic reactions in some patients, highlighting the need for continued research.
A new cell therapy approach has been developed by Dr Christopher E Rudd, boosting the immune response of T lymphocytes to malignant tumours.
A new model developed by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania has been created to personalize which cancer mutations are best targets for immunotherapy. The algorithm analyzes protein sequences from individual patient samples and evaluates their similarity to healthy cells, predicting a better immune response.
A phase II trial found that adding radiation therapy to immunotherapy increases progression-free survival for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. T cells played a key role in the immune response, with certain markers predicting longer disease-free periods.
A new electronic nose can identify lung cancer patients who will respond to immunotherapy with 85% accuracy, outperforming the current gold standard of immunohistochemistry. The non-invasive test detects chemicals in patient breath and provides instant feedback, potentially avoiding ineffective treatment and side effects.
A team of researchers from Tel Aviv University and Sheba Medical Center identified differences in the metabolism of cancer cells between responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. Higher levels of proteins associated with lipid metabolism were found in responders, leading to better recognition by the immune system.
Researchers have isolated specific cells that can target rogue immune T-cells, potentially rebooting the immune system. This 'antigen-specific immunotherapy' shows promise in treating existing inflammatory autoimmune diseases.
A new peanut allergy treatment, sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), has shown effectiveness in protecting patients from severe allergic reactions. SLIT involves placing tiny amounts of peanut protein under the tongue, where it is absorbed immediately into the bloodstream, desensitizing the immune system to larger amounts of peanut protein.
Researchers identified a compound that promotes a vigorous immune assault against pancreatic tumors, significantly shrinking them and improving survival. The compound, ADH-503, shifts the balance of myeloid cells toward those that activate T cells to attack cancer, making resistant cancers susceptible to immunotherapy.
A new test developed by UT Southwestern Medical Center aims to identify kidney cancer patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The test uses a diagnostic tracer to visualize tumors and assess PD-L1 expression, which can predict treatment response. The approach has shown promise in early studies.
The combination immunotherapy of nivolumab and ipilimumab met the primary endpoint of the NEOSTAR trial with a 33% overall major pathologic response rate in early-stage lung cancer patients. The treatment was also shown to be effective in reducing tumor viability, with six out of 21 patients achieving a complete pathological response.
A new clinical trial shows that immunotherapy pembrolizumab is more effective than standard aggressive chemotherapy in treating people with recurrent head and neck cancer. The combination of pembrolizumab with platinum chemotherapy extended survival by 3.7 months, while the immunotherapy alone showed improved survival rates compared to...
Researchers discover parvifoline AA, a natural compound, stimulates NKG2D ligands on cancer cells, making them more recognizable and targetable by NK cells. This increases the effectiveness of NK cell-based tumor immunotherapy.
Researchers at the University of Navarra found that pretreating patients with TNF inhibitors before combining immunotherapy can reduce adverse effects and improve treatment response in animal models. The study suggests a new approach to treating cancer by blocking tumor necrosis factor while applying combination immunotherapy.
Researchers found that MSI intensity and mutational load significantly impact MMR-deficient tumors' response to PD-1 therapy. Higher mutational loads result in better responses to treatment.
Researchers found that tumor mutation score is associated with responses to immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Patients with high mutation scores are more likely to respond to immunotherapy, while those with low scores may benefit from chemotherapy.
Researchers found a new pathway to killing cancer cells by targeting ferroptosis, a type of cell death linked to immune cells. The study suggests that combining ferroptosis sensitizer and checkpoint inhibitor treatments creates a strong immune response that fights tumors.
A systematic review of 12 studies with over 1,000 patients found that peanut oral immunotherapy increases the risk and frequency of anaphylaxis and allergic reactions. Despite inducing desensitisation in the clinic, the treatment does not lead to improved quality of life for patients.
A new study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice suggests that oral immunotherapy is safe for preschool-aged children with peanut allergies. Researchers followed 270 children who received oral immunotherapy and found that 90% reached the maintenance stage successfully.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells can hide from immunotherapy by altering the levels of a key molecule on their surface. However, they identified an existing inhibitor of the WNT pathway that could potentially reverse this process and make cancer cells more visible to immune cells.
The CheckMate 451 study found that maintenance immunotherapy did not prolong overall survival in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. However, the study suggested that patients who received early maintenance therapy may have longer progression-free survival rates.
New studies provide insights into the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Real-life studies suggest that elderly patients may have shorter overall survival but similar toxicity rates compared to younger patients.
Researchers map the landscape of myeloid cells in lung cancer tumors using single-cell sequencing, revealing 25 distinct subpopulations with consistent gene expression signatures across patients. The findings provide a powerful starting point to better understand their functions and clinical applications.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study identifies a possible way to predict which melanomas are hot and cold for immunotherapy. Tumors with specific genetic changes in the NF-kB signaling pathway are more likely to respond to anti-PD1 immunotherapies, suggesting a potential biomarker for treatment prediction.
A study suggests that increasing T cells' exposure to potassium, mimicking high potassium levels, could make cancer immunotherapies more effective. Growing T cells under conditions of high potassium preserves their stem-cell-like quality, allowing them to replicate and grow.
PET/CT scans can monitor immunotherapy treatment for metastatic melanoma and predict outcome, allowing personalized therapy adjustments. The study demonstrates that FDG PET/CT can accurately assess tumor response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy with ipilimumab.
A multi-year observational study found that eating small amounts of peanut after immunotherapy can extend allergy treatment benefits and improve quality of life. The majority of participants continued regularly eating peanuts daily for up to eight years without any reactions from accidental ingestions.
A study by Cedars-Sinai Medical Center has identified a drug called dasatinib that could enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapies for various types of cancers. The researchers found that combining dasatinib with anti-PD-1 therapy increased sensitivity in cancer cells, making it a promising approach to improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki found that allergen immunotherapy reduces symptom scores and alters nasal epithelial transcriptome in patients with allergic rhinitis. The study also showed improved diversity of the nasal microbiome in response to treatment.
Researchers found a promising new treatment for small cell lung cancer by combining immune checkpoint blockade with targeted therapies that block DNA damage repair. This combination achieved significant tumor regression in mouse models, suggesting potential benefits for patients.
Research reveals that patients with specific MAPK mutations are more likely to respond to immunotherapy drugs in glioblastoma. The study also found that tumors with PTEN mutations were less responsive to treatment, suggesting new targets for treatment development.
Researchers have identified a new target protein that can inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced cell death. Corticosteroids, already used in tuberculosis treatment, may support the healing process by inhibiting this pathway. This immunotherapy approach could reduce treatment duration and secondary complications associated with TB.
Researchers found that eliminating protein YTHDF1 boosts dendritic cell activity, leading to better immune response against cancer. This discovery opens new avenues for cancer treatment and may lead to effective combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors or dendritic cell vaccines.
Research finds that plerixafor reduces fibrosis and improves response to immunotherapy in mouse models of metastatic breast cancer. Fibrosis blocks effectiveness of immunotherapies, but CXCR4 inhibition enhances immune cell infiltration and decreases formation of spontaneous metastases.
The iReceptor Plus consortium, led by Bar-Ilan University, aims to develop an innovative platform for integrating distributed genomic datasets to improve personalized medicine and immunotherapy in various diseases.
Researchers found that many slow-growing NF1 gliomas contain few macrophages and produce proteins that can trigger an immune system attack, making them good candidates for treatment with immunotherapy. Clinical trials are now being planned for these high-immune tumors.
Researchers reported promising early results from a clinical study of genetically engineered immune cells that recognize and fight cancer cells. The treatment generated excellent responses when used after chemotherapy, with 71% of patients achieving complete response.
A clinical trial led by CNIO's Luis Paz-Ares showed that immunotherapy significantly increases patient survival when administered alongside conventional chemotherapy. This opens the door to investigate its effectiveness in early stages of the disease.
A UCalgary research team analyzed publicly accessible health and genomics data to identify a gene signature that can help determine which cancer patients will benefit from immunotherapy. This discovery has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for these patients.
A new treatment has been shown to help people with peanut allergies build up a tolerance to the allergen, allowing them to consume small amounts without experiencing severe reactions. The study found that two-thirds of participants were able to tolerate the equivalent of two peanuts per day after nine to 12 months of treatment.
Cornelis Melief is recognized for his life's work in studying the interactions of the immune system with cancer, leading to the development of new therapeutic cancer vaccine strategies. His research has shown clinical effectiveness in treating patients with pre-malignant lesions caused by HPV type 16.
Navin Varadarajan is modifying T cells to recognize and kill glypican-3, a molecule found in liver cancer cells. The goal is to develop an effective treatment for high-risk pediatric liver cancer with poor survival rates.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified blood-based biomarkers that may help identify patients at greatest risk of developing autoimmune side effects from immunotherapy. The study found that levels of certain cytokines were particularly low before treatment in patients who developed immune-related adverse events.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital have successfully induced desensitization in the majority of children with wheat allergies through oral immunotherapy. After 52 weeks, 52% of children consumed a cumulative dose of 4,443mg of wheat protein without adverse reactions.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have found a way to inhibit T-cell activation by targeting nitration of an amino acid in cancer cells. This approach could enhance cancer immunotherapy by identifying activity-based markers and designing approaches that shut down specific mechanisms inhibiting T-cell activation.
Researchers developed a nanofluidic seed that can deliver sustained-release doses of immunotherapy directly to tumors, reducing the need for multiple IV treatments and eliminating side effects. The device has shown promising results in mice models, with equal effectiveness compared to systemic immunotherapy while minimizing toxicities.
A phase III clinical trial found immunotherapy pembrolizumab to be more effective than aggressive chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced head and neck cancer. Patients with high PD-L1 levels saw significant improvements in survival and response rates.
A study suggests that immunotherapy is safe and feasible for HIV-positive cancer patients. The treatment appears to be well-tolerated as long as antiretroviral therapy is continued in parallel, the key finding of the study.
A team of researchers at TUM and Helmholtz Zentrum München investigated the processes taking place in the body during a three-year allergen-specific immunotherapy. They found that regulatory B-cells play a more important role than previously thought, and that certain ratios of cell types can predict treatment success.
Researchers at CytoReason used machine learning to analyze melanoma biopsies, identifying adipocytes as potential regulators of the tumor microenvironment. The study suggests that these cells may play a previously unreported role in differentiating nivolumab responders from non-responders in ipilimumab-resistant patients.