Articles tagged with Immunotherapy
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology identify tissue-resident memory T cells as an important distinguishing factor between cancer patients whose immune system mounts an effective anti-tumor response. The study found that patients with a high density of these cells in tumor tissue survived significantly longer.
Targeting a subset of immune cells called regulatory T cells could be an effective approach to treating cancers. By blocking or deleting a surface protein called neuropilin-1, researchers found that tumor growth was dramatically reduced in mice, suggesting this could lead to more effective immunotherapy treatments.
Researchers have identified histologic subtype distinctions and heterogeneity of neurofibromatosis type 1-associated tumors through immune profiling. The findings suggest potential targets for T cell-based immunotherapies, but also highlight the complexity of tumor heterogeneity within subtypes.
Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have found a new way to use immunotherapy to treat triple negative breast cancers arising in women with BRCA1 mutations. The combination of two immunotherapy drugs effectively controls tumour growth and improves survival rates in laboratory models.
A new combination immunotherapy has shown promise in treating advanced kidney cancer, with the potential to identify biomarkers for many cancers. The study's principal investigator, Dr. Timothy Kuzel, hopes that this treatment will help more patients benefit from immunotherapy.
Researchers developed a novel mathematical model to explore interactions between prostate tumors and common immunotherapies, predicting their effects on patient-specific immune systems. The study highlights a potential therapeutic strategy for managing tumor growth more effectively.
Researchers found that commercial preparations for allergy shots often lack sufficient levels of key allergens, which could affect treatment success. Customized immunotherapy tailored to individual patients' reactions is a promising approach, but its development is still in its infancy.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have developed a practical way to use light to guide T cells towards tumors, overcoming the challenges of immunotherapy. The innovative method could lead to safer and more effective treatment options for cancer patients.
A new study maps immune system components in early lung cancer, identifying potential targets for immunotherapy and suggesting a possible cure. The research reveals that early lesions are heavily infiltrated with immune cells, making immunotherapy a promising treatment option.
A comprehensive atlas of immune cells in renal cancer has been created, revealing new relationships between immune cells and their role in disease progression. The study identified specific protein structures on the surface of immune cells that can help tailor treatments to individual patients.
Stand Up To Cancer has released a series of online training modules for nurses to prepare them for the unique challenges of immunotherapy. The modules, developed by Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, equip nurses with knowledge and skills needed to care for patients undergoing emerging cancer treatment therapies.
Researchers found that certain lung cancer patients can continue treatment with immunotherapy even if the disease appears to be progressing, according to a study presented at ELCC 2017. The study used immune-related RECIST criteria, which take into account temporary tumour enlargement in patients taking immunotherapy.
Researchers found that patients with increased PD-1+ CD8 T cells in their blood after starting treatment experienced better clinical outcomes. The study's results suggest that monitoring activated T cells may help oncologists and patients decide whether to continue or combine treatments.
Dr. Neville Sanjana, a CRISPR specialist, has received the prestigious 2017 Kimmel Scholar Award to fund his study on cancer immunotherapy. His research aims to leverage CRISPR technology to comprehensively survey mutations that allow cancer cells to resist immunotherapy treatment.
Researchers found that SLAMF7 is essential for immune cells to target cancer cells, leading to a potential breakthrough in precision medicine. The discovery could help predict which patients will respond to CD47 inhibitors and improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center are developing T-cell therapies for a type of acute myeloid leukemia. They aim to create targeted immunotherapy that recognizes and kills cancer-specific proteins within the cell.
A study by the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute found that higher levels of tumor-associated immune cells and certain T cell types are associated with better response to immunotherapy. This could lead to more effective treatments for patients with recurrent head and neck cancer.
The National Institutes of Health has designated $42.7 million for the Consortium of Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) over seven years to continue evaluating new approaches to treat food allergy. CoFAR scientists are working on immunotherapy approaches to reduce immediate allergic symptoms and bring about long-term relief.
Researchers from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center are presenting new developments in immunotherapy and proteomics at the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting. A new adoptive T-cell therapy for ovarian cancer has shown promising results, while a vaccine adjuvant has boosted immune responses to sarcomas.
FARE has awarded over $1 million to three scientists to study the causes of food allergies and develop new treatments. The recipients will focus on improving oral immunotherapy, IgE glycosylation, and understanding the role of Dock8 in maintaining tolerance to food antigens.
Acquired mutations in IDH enzyme help gliomas evade immune system activation by suppressing T cell recruitment. Inhibition of mutant IDH enhances vaccine-based immunotherapy treatment efficacy in glioma-bearing mice, suggesting potential for combinatorial therapies to counteract mutation effects.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have discovered that exhausted T cells have distinct DNA structures and activate specific genes, including NFAT and Nr4a proteins. These findings provide new insights into the molecular underpinnings of T cell exhaustion and offer potential targets for improving cancer immunotherapies.
An international study has shown that immunotherapy can cure Tasmanian devils of the deadly devil facial tumour disease (DFTD). The treatment successfully triggered the devil's immune system to recognise and destroy established DFTD tumours, with tumours shrinking and disappearing over three months.
A two-year course of immunotherapy did not significantly improve nasal symptoms in patients with moderate to severe seasonal allergic rhinitis at three-year follow-up. Long-term benefits are unknown, but a shorter treatment duration may reduce costs and inconvenience.
Researchers found that downregulation of the interferon receptor IFNAR1 creates an environment where cancer cells can survive and reproduce unchecked. Modifying immunotherapies by stabilizing IFNAR1 may improve treatment outcomes for solid tumor cancers.
A study by Stanford researchers found that a systemic, whole-body immune response is essential for effectively attacking and eradicating tumors. The researchers used mass cytometry to monitor the physical attributes of individual cells in samples of millions or billions, revealing an increase in immune cells and regulatory T cells in s...
A new study found that high-aneuploidy tumors have increased expression of genes involved in DNA replication and cell cycle, but decreased expression of genes characteristic of immune cells. This suggests that jumbled chromosomes in tumors may limit the effectiveness of immunotherapy treatments.
Researchers at Uppsala University developed a new antibody design that increases brain uptake of antibodies almost 100-fold, offering new opportunities for treating brain diseases. The modified antibodies use the transferrin receptor to transport them across the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers found that localized chemotherapy delivered directly to the brain improved survival rates in mice with glioblastoma when combined with immunotherapy. The study suggests that systemic chemotherapy weakens the immune system and may hinder its ability to fight tumors.
Research suggests that adapting people's gut bacteria through antibiotics, probiotics, or faecal transplants may increase the benefits of new immunotherapy drugs for treating cancer. Patients with advanced melanoma who had greater diversity in their gut bacteria were more likely to respond to immunotherapy treatment.
A small molecule can turn short-lived T-cells into long-lived, renewable cells that destroy tumour cells. Researchers have identified a way to increase the life-span of these T-cells, overcoming a key hurdle in immunotherapy.
A wearable patch delivering small amounts of peanut protein through the skin has shown safety and efficacy in treating peanut allergy in children aged 4-25 years. The low-dose and high-dose regimens offered similar benefits, with significant treatment effects seen in younger children.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed a novel immunotherapy strategy that targets specific types of cancer while minimizing side effects. They aim to create new and more effective immunotherapies by modulating T cells with a fusion protein.
The CheckMate 026 trial found that nivolumab did not improve progression-free survival over chemotherapy in patients with PD-L1 positive tumours. However, combination immunotherapies are being investigated to potentially increase the proportion of patients who benefit from treatment.
Researchers found that neoadjuvant immunotherapy with nivolumab was safe and did not delay surgery in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Six of 15 patients experienced major pathological regression, suggesting potential activity of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in early stage lung cancer.
Researchers found that when tumor cells lack sufficient neo-epitopes, they are no longer recognized by T-cells. Epitopes require enzymatic processing for correct trimming and presentation on the cell surface.
A study found that over 90% of targeted therapy and immunotherapy trials scored poorly on reporting recurrent and late toxicities. Limitations were also seen in presenting adverse events and assessing follow-up intervals.
Scientists combine immunotherapy with chemotherapy to destroy a majority of dormant cancer cells, preventing recurrence. The study shows that quiescent but not indolent cancer cells can evade immunotherapy, offering new hope for cancer treatment.
A clinical trial found that oral immunotherapy is safe and effective for peanut-allergic preschool children, with over 80% successfully introducing peanut into their diets. The treatment involved gradually increasing amounts of peanut protein daily and was comparable in effectiveness between low-dose and high-dose regimens.
Researchers found that certain immune cells can recognize cancerous changes before a human tumor is clinically recognizable. However, these T cells are quickly silenced by the tumor, making them non-functional. The study's findings highlight potential strategies to rescue and improve immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors.
A phase I trial found that combining anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy with a MEK inhibitor achieves partial responses and is well-tolerated in patients with microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer. The combination was shown to increase the number of active immune cells in tumors, leading to improved responses.
Researchers at University of Notre Dame develop new T cell receptor technology to enhance immune system's ability to target specific cancer antigens. The engineered receptors allow for a more directed and accurate immune response against cancer cells.
A small clinical trial found that combining checkpoint inhibitors with T-cell therapy may boost treatment effectiveness for metastatic melanoma. Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center suggest this approach could be beneficial for fighting other cancers as well.
Dr. Glen Weiss presents five innovative cancer studies at ASCO, including liquid biopsies for predicting treatment improvements and promising results with avelumab against recurrent-refractory ovarian cancer. Brigatinib shows substantial antitumor activity in ALK non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Researchers combine radiation treatments with new immunotherapies to target melanoma, showing synergistic effects that improve treatment outcomes. The combination of radiation and immunotherapy has been shown to increase one-year survival rates for patients with Stage 4 metastatic melanoma.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered a link between the protein Bim and predicting patient responses to immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma. They found that patients with higher levels of Bim were more likely to respond to immunotherapy, offering hope for better treatment outcomes.
A study found that a house dust mite immunotherapy tablet improved time to first moderate or severe asthma exacerbation when added to maintenance medications. The treatment reduced the risk of exacerbations and increased allergen-specific antibodies.
A new NIH-funded study suggests that changes in immune cell subtypes after oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy can help predict treatment success. The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, found a novel T-cell population that likely would not mount an allergic response expanded with treatment.
Two studies found that a specific gut bacteria, Bifidobacterium, is positively associated with anti-tumor T cell responses and upregulates genes critical for anti-tumor responses. Fecal transplants also slowed tumor growth in mice treated with immunotherapy agents.
A new study by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center researchers found that immunotherapy can boost survival from pancreatic cancer by more than 75% in mice, even without chemotherapy or radiation. The therapy targets mesothelin, a protein overproduced by virtually all pancreatic tumors.
A Mayo Clinic study found that nearly three-quarters of patients with autoimmune cerebellar ataxia were women. The median duration from symptom onset to last follow-up was 25 months, with 51 patients experiencing physician-reported neurologic improvement with immunotherapy and cancer therapy.
A study of 118 adults with autoimmune cerebellar ataxia found that nonparaneoplastic disorders, detection of PMP antibodies, and GAD 65 antibodies predicted better immunotherapy response and neurological outcomes. Among the patients, 45.8% showed physician-reported neurologic improvement.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that deliver allergens to specific cells, reducing side effects. The new approach could lead to safer and more effective treatments for allergies and other conditions.
Researchers have found that combining aspirin with immunotherapy can slow cancer growth and unleash the immune system's full power. By stopping the production of PGE2, a molecule that dampens down the immune response, COX inhibitors like aspirin may lift the protective barrier around tumors, making cancer more susceptible to treatment
A recent study by the UC Davis team has discovered that an early inflammatory response can 'paralyze' CD4 T cells, a crucial component of the immune system. This finding could lead to more effective cancer treatments and new approaches for managing autoimmune conditions.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a method using magnetic nanoparticles to train and rapidly multiply immune system white blood cells. The technique, which separates naive T cells from other cells in the blood, has shown promise in expanding these cells' numbers by an estimated 5,000 to 10,000 times.
Ludwig Cancer Research and the Cancer Research Institute launched clinical trials to evaluate immunotherapeutic strategies for brain cancer and various solid tumors. The trials will test MedImmune's checkpoint blockade antibody durvalumab in patients with glioblastoma multiforme, a deadly form of adult brain cancer.
A special issue of Immunotherapy explores emerging concepts in adoptive cell immunotherapy (ACT) to extend its effects to a wider range of solid and hematological cancers. The journal reviews new strategies to address challenges and potentially improve treatment options for more cancer types.
Researchers found that combining immunotherapy drugs nivolumab and ipilimumab significantly increases progression-free survival in advanced melanoma patients, with a median PFS of 11.5 months compared to 6.9 months for nivolumab alone.
Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab was effective in 24.8% of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer, resulting in significant tumor shrinkage and improved outcomes.