Articles tagged with Risk Factors
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
According to hygiene expert Dr. Heidi Wichmann-Schauer, small negligence in everyday life can transfer pathogens to food, causing serious illnesses and fatalities, especially among vulnerable groups. The BfR advises proper kitchen cleanliness, handwashing, and cooking meat thoroughly to prevent cross-contamination.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that childhood obesity treatment can reduce the risk of serious health problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia in young adults. However, it did not have a lasting impact on depression and anxiety, which remained unchanged regardless of treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that short-course antibiotics can be as effective as traditional longer treatments in preventing death and recurrence of pneumonia. This approach offers significant value for healthcare systems by reducing hospital expenditure while maintaining excellent patient outcomes.
The review highlights seven zoonotic infections in people, including those transmitted through traditional diets and hunting practices. Climate change is affecting the local ecosystem, altering animal behavior and parasite life cycles, posing a risk to vulnerable populations.
A study published in European Heart Journal found that face-to-face supervised exercise programs offer the greatest benefits for patients' mental health and quality of life. Home-based programs showed more modest results, highlighting the importance of professional supervision.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine analyzed over 2 million veterans taking GLP-1RA medications, finding benefits to cognitive and behavioral health while revealing increased risks for pancreatitis and kidney conditions. The study also showed decreased risks of seizures, addiction, suicidal ideation, and neurocognitive disorders.
Research published in the European Heart Journal found that people with high amounts of intermuscular fat are more likely to develop coronary microvascular dysfunction and future serious heart disease. The study's lead author suggests that existing measures of obesity may not be accurate for all individuals, particularly women.
Researchers found subtle brain changes in people with Huntington's disease 20 years before symptoms appear, offering hope for earlier interventions. The study identified early markers of neurodegeneration through advanced imaging and biomarkers.
A Michigan Medicine study suggests that higher out-of-pocket costs for initial cardiac rehabilitation sessions are a major barrier to participation. Patients who shared the cost of their first session attended more sessions than those who paid nothing, but still had lower odds of completing over 24 sessions.
A cluster randomized trial involving 31 Canadian high schools and 3,800 students found that delivering personality-targeted brief cognitive behavioral interventions to students in the 7th grade reduced risk for substance use disorders by the end of high school. The intervention was associated with a 23%-80% reduced odds of SUD compared...
A Swedish study found a significant decrease in infant mortality and morbidity among babies born after 41 weeks of gestation. The study showed a 47% reduction in stillbirths or infant deaths within four weeks, with researchers attributing the improvement to routine induction practices.
A new Dartmouth study reveals that 50% of adult blacklegged ticks in the Northeast carry the bacteria that causes Lyme disease. The study found small changes in tick abundance but a significant increase in pathogen prevalence over 30 years, highlighting the need for continued prevention measures.
A comprehensive study reveals five key hazards associated with thawing permafrost soils: infrastructure failure, disrupted mobility and supply, decreased water quality, challenges for food security, and exposure to diseases and contaminants. The researchers found that these risks have significant implications for the health and well-be...
The study reveals increasingly prevalent poor mental health from 2011 to 2022 across multiple US health surveys, with notable differences by age, sex, and racial/ethnic group. Inequities in outcomes changed over time, consistent with prior literature, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address these disparities.
A new study from the University of Surrey identifies targeted ventilation strategies as crucial to preventing super-spreader events on cruise ships. The research found that improved air circulation in crowded areas can significantly reduce airborne infection transmission risk, with CO2 levels increasing in higher occupancy spaces.
A new study of 33 Marvel and DC films reveals that adverse childhood experiences (ACE) scores have no bearing on whether a character is a hero or villain. The research highlights the use of unconventional approaches to explore trauma and child development in popular media.
A study published in Neurology found that eating more processed red meat is associated with a higher risk of dementia and cognitive decline. Replacing it with healthier alternatives like nuts, fish, and poultry may reduce the risk.
A new automated job hazard analysis tool promises to significantly reduce workplace accidents and improve safety in the construction industry. The University of South Australia's research team has built a 'knowledge graph' to predict hazards, which can be analysed in real-time to identify potential risks and control measures.
Exposure to air pollution during the three months before pregnancy is associated with higher childhood obesity risk up to two years after birth. The study found that women with higher levels of PM2.5 and PM10 had children with a higher BMI and related obesity risk factors.
A new study identifies three molecular clusters in women who develop type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes, pointing to potential precision-medicine approaches. The clusters are driven by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, or a combination of both.
A new study published in Neurology found that eating greater quantities of red meat, especially in processed forms, increases the risk of dementia. Replacing processed red meat with protein sources like nuts and legumes or fish may decrease dementia risk by approximately 20 percent.
A cutting-edge molecular approach identifies three distinct clusters of children with metabolic complications, highlighting the importance of prenatal environment and exposure to industrial chemicals. The study provides a better understanding of biological pathways involved in metabolic health, beyond traditional clinical markers.
A recent study published in Helion found that individuals who experienced childhood abuse, neglect, or domestic abuse were at a significantly higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. The study used a database of over 16 million Electronic Health Records to analyze the incidence rates of these diseases over a 26-yea...
New dummies and tests aim to reduce hedgehog fatalities in robotic lawnmower crashes. A ban on night-time use is also seen as a promising solution to protect these animals.
Researchers identified a novel genetic risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, linking a PTPN2 variant to increased ACE2 expression and susceptibility. The study suggests Tofacitinib may mitigate this risk, offering new treatment options for patients at higher genetic risk.
The BfR exhibition at Grüne Woche focuses on the importance of kitchen hygiene, highlighting the risks of foodborne infections. Visitors can explore an interactive world of bacteria through games and quizzes to minimize health risks by adopting simple hygiene practices.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center's CPPA launches a new interactive course to address complexities in professionalism, including sustaining leadership engagement and addressing significant well-being concerns. The 4-hour virtual session offers real-world case studies and breakout room collaboration.
A restrictive episiotomy policy implemented in France has led to a decrease in episiotomy rates and anal sphincter injuries during labor. However, further research is necessary to determine the optimal rate of episiotomies and assess potential risks to specific subgroups.
University of Birmingham researchers have been awarded a grant to study the mechanisms driving early cardiac dysfunction in CKD. The study aims to identify interventions that can reverse or prevent heart disease in its earliest stages.
The USPSTF concludes that screening for osteoporosis can help prevent fractures in older women. However, the effectiveness of screening for men is unclear due to insufficient evidence.
A new study found that smoking has a negative effect on earnings among younger workers, especially among the less educated. The researchers discovered that reducing smoking by five pack-years could lead to a 9% increase in earnings.
Researchers from Lancaster University found a significant link between hearing impairment and an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The study analyzed data from the UK Biobank, revealing a 57% higher risk for every 10-decibel increase in baseline hearing loss.
A vascular fingerprint on the retina can predict stroke risk with high accuracy, combining well with age and sex. The study analyzed 68,753 UK Biobank participants and found that specific retinal parameters were significantly associated with increased stroke risk.
A new study led by UCL researchers reveals that people at risk of hereditary dementia significantly impact their choices about having children and parenting. Genetic risk is viewed in the context of other factors, with concerns including practical and emotional challenges of caring for someone with familial frontotemporal dementia.
A new study by Boston University School of Public Health found that lower access to air conditioning increases the need for emergency care for wildfire smoke exposure. People living in areas with low air conditioning availability are at higher risk, especially children and the Black population.
A new UC San Francisco study found that most 11- and 12-year-olds use TikTok and other social media platforms against the rules, showing signs of addiction. The study also revealed a quarter of children reported elements of addiction while using social media, linked to depression, eating disorders, ADHD, and disruptive behaviors.
A nationwide cohort study in Korea found that postdiagnosis weight gain is associated with an increased risk of heart failure after breast cancer development. Effective weight intervention can protect cardiovascular health, particularly within the first few years after diagnosis.
A new study found that while lung cancer deaths decreased globally from 1990 to 2019, mortality linked to tobacco use and air pollution increased. Tobacco remains the leading cause of death, accounting for 66% of TBL cancer deaths in 2019, while particulate matter pollution is a growing concern.
Researchers found associations between gender-based racial microaggressions and higher blood pressure postpartum, particularly in the later period. Microaggressions experienced during pregnancy and delivery may lead to increased systolic blood pressure.
A recent study found that a genetic test for opioid use disorder (OUD) had high rates of both false positive and false negative results, questioning its usefulness. The testing could lead to patients receiving opioids despite low risk or being denied effective pain relief due to high risk.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are studying the link between walking patterns and cognitive decline to improve early detection of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). The team hopes to unveil neural mechanisms underlying the relation between mobility and cognitive decline.
Researchers document five cases of parvovirus B19-induced myocarditis in preschoolers from northern Greece, highlighting the virus's unique impact on endothelial cells. The study emphasizes the importance of quick diagnosis and treatment to reduce mortality and morbidity in children.
Researchers found that participants who received early therapeutic interventions were significantly less likely to develop clinical depression within the first year. The interventions, which typically lasted six to twelve sessions, reduced symptoms and lowered the risk of depression by 42% in the first six months.
A study published in ERJ Open Research found that women are less likely to receive a lung transplant and wait an average of six weeks longer for one. Despite this, women who undergo transplantation have higher survival rates five years post-transplant.
A study by University of Gothenburg found that male construction workers have a 50% higher risk of suicide attempts and suicides compared to other professions. The study, based on registry data, also shows that men in low-educated occupations have a 60% greater risk of suicidal acts.
Climate change is associated with poorer HIV prevention outcomes, including reduced testing and increased risk behaviors, leading to higher new infections and poorer treatment adherence. Researchers identified links between extreme weather events and HIV-related challenges, emphasizing the need for innovative interventions and strategies.
A new study found that exposure to high aircraft noise levels can lead to stiffer and thicker heart muscles, increasing the risk of poor heart function and major cardiac events. People exposed to night-time aircraft noise were particularly at risk, with increased risks of heart attacks, life-threatening rhythms, and strokes.
Research found that morning coffee drinkers have a lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease and a lower overall mortality risk. The study included over 40,000 adults who drank coffee at different times of the day and found that timing mattered more than the amount consumed.
The National University of Singapore's HRPC has been designated as the GHHIN Southeast Asia Hub, aiming to mitigate extreme heat risks through research, policy, and partnerships. The hub will focus on addressing unique regional challenges such as high humidity, urbanization, and socioeconomic disparities.
A cross-sectional study found that maternal use of certain antidepressants and anti-inflammatory medications can lower protein and fat levels in breast milk. This may impose health risks on infants who are breastfed by mothers taking these medications, highlighting the need for further research to clarify the clinical implications.
A new AI model developed by researchers at Penn State College of Medicine can predict the progression of autoimmune disease among those with preclinical symptoms up to 1,000% more accurately. The GPS model integrates data from large genetic studies and electronic health records to identify individuals at high risk of disease progression.
A recent study published in the Journal of the COPD Foundation found that childhood smoking before age 15 significantly increases a person's risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) later in life. The research examined a nationally representative sample of adults and accounted for secondhand smoke exposure, highl...
A case report warns of the dangers of overheating in saunas without proper hydration. A woman's condition led to admission and treatment for heat stroke, with a high core body temperature and organ dysfunction, emphasizing the importance of regular checks on sauna staff.
A recent study found that pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder enrolled in Medicaid are at a disproportionately high risk of severe maternal morbidity. Targeted interventions, such as early Medicaid enrollment and coverage continuity, may be necessary to reduce adverse outcomes in this group.
Researchers analyzed data from 12,794 participants and found that those who experienced childhood maltreatment were three times more likely to experience intimate partner violence at age 21. The risk continued to grow over time, with a four-fold increase by age 26.
The DASH Diet has been ranked as the best heart-healthy diet and second-best overall in US News & World Report's 2025 rankings. Developed by Pennington Biomedical Research Center scientists, the diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while reducing saturated fat and added sugars.
A longitudinal cohort study reveals that early-life infection burden may continue throughout childhood, increasing the risk of future infections and antibiotics use. The findings suggest that high infection burdens in early life are independently associated with later antibiotic treatments.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found an inverse association between fluoride exposure and children's IQ scores. The findings suggest a dose-response relationship between fluoride levels and IQ across multiple countries, highlighting the need for comprehensive public health risk-benefit assessments of fluoride exposures.
A new study from Vanderbilt University Medical Center shows that a clinical alerts-driven AI system can effectively prompt doctors to screen patients for suicide risk during regular clinic visits. The study found that interruptive alerts were more effective than passive alerts, leading to a 42% increase in screenings.
A recent study found a positive association between smoking and CKD risk in observational studies, but Mendelian randomization analysis revealed no direct causal link. Researchers propose that diabetes and hypertension may mediate the relationship.