Articles tagged with Risk Factors
A major clinical trial has identified ensitrelvir as an effective medication to prevent symptomatic COVID-19 in people exposed within households. The trial showed a 67% reduction in risk of illness among participants taking the antiviral compared to those given a placebo.
New research published in the BMJ journal reveals that glycerol in 'slushies' can cause illness in children. The study found that 21 young children across the UK and Ireland became sick after consuming slush ice drinks, leading to guidance for parents on consumption limits.
A prospective cohort study found a significant association between food insecurity and incident cardiovascular disease in both Black and White US individuals. Food insecurity was also shown to be an important social deprivation measure for assessing CVD risk, highlighting its potential as a key factor in clinical assessment.
A new study analyzing global data from 1990 to 2021 found significant cross-country disparities in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, with approximately two-thirds of individuals living in low- and middle-income countries. The study highlights the need for targeted prevention and control strategies in different countries.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement highlights disparities in risk factors, symptoms, screening, treatment, and outcomes for women with peripheral vascular disease. The statement emphasizes the need for tailored prevention and treatment strategies to improve health equity.
A study found that adding blood metabolite data to genetic risk scores improves glaucoma prediction accuracy, particularly in individuals at high genetic risk. Higher levels of lactate, pyruvate, and citrate were associated with a reduced risk of glaucoma.
A new study found that people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and arthritis have a significantly increased risk of death compared to those with only arthritis. The research analyzed data from over 11,000 individuals in the US and discovered a strong association between COPD and mortality rates in people with arthritis.
A new study has found that sleep debt and night shifts increase the risk of several common infections in nurses. The research, which analyzed data from 1,335 Norwegian nurses, reveals a clear link between slept debt, night work, and infection risk.
Research finds that certain viral antibodies and genetic risk factors can increase MS risk, with elevated antibody levels combined with a specific gene variant associated with strong increased risk. The study also identifies potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.
A study of nearly 2,500 postmenopausal women found that taking more daily steps and engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with a significantly reduced risk of death from cardiovascular disease. Even walking fewer than 5,000 steps per day showed a risk reduction.
Researchers discovered genetic variants in ITSN1 significantly increase Parkinson's disease risk, especially among rare mutations. The study highlights ITSN1 as a promising therapeutic target and underscores the value of large-scale genetic sequencing.
A meta-analysis from the University of Georgia's College of Public Health found that factors like air pollution and access to green spaces can significantly raise or lower dementia risk. Living near major roadways was associated with a 10% higher risk, while exposure to fine particulate matter increased risk by 9%.
A study published in The Lancet Regional Health — Americas highlights growing divide in cardiovascular health in the US, showing that wealth and education play a significant role in heart disease risk. The research reveals that high-income, college-educated Americans face far fewer health risks than the rest of the population.
A recent study by Professor Mamas highlights the significant risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients with cancer, particularly in aging populations. The review emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and regular monitoring to improve quality of life.
Research suggests that higher levels of essential minerals such as copper, manganese, and vitamin B12 during pregnancy may reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure in middle age. The study analyzed data from over 500 women and found a significant association between these mineral levels and lower blood pressure risk.
Researchers Garett Sansom and Lindsay Sansom will evaluate soil conditions in Settegast and Lakewood neighborhoods for cancer-causing heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The project aims to identify residents' environment-related concerns and develop a better understanding of local priorities and challenges.
A new study analyzing health records from 2012 to 2022 found significant differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations. The research suggests that regular monitoring of risk factors may help prevent cardiovascular disease among these groups.
Research presented at the American Heart Association's 2025 Scientific Sessions found a link between insomnia, poor sleep duration, and elevated blood pressure in teenagers. The study suggests that addressing sleep health is crucial for heart health in adolescents.
A large prospective study found that long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medications may help prevent dementia due to their anti-inflammatory effects. The study showed a 12% reduced risk of developing dementia among participants who used NSAIDs for an extended period.
The study found that combining coronary calcium score with a primary prevention strategy in intermediate-risk patients with a family history of coronary artery disease reduces atherogenic lipids and slows plaque progression compared to usual care. This data supports the use of CAC scores to assist intensive preventive strategies.
A new study found that the proportion of visceral fat, rather than the absolute amount, is a stronger predictor of high triglyceride levels and inflammation. Lowering visceral fat proportion during weight loss can lead to better metabolic health outcomes.
A new study found that sports gambling frequency is associated with the trajectory of alcohol-related problems over time. Screening and treatment interventions are recommended for this high-risk group to prevent further problems.
A Japanese study found that smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of placental abruption by 2.8%, while second-hand smoke exposure contributes an additional 3.0% risk. The study highlights the importance of preventing all smoke exposure in public spaces and homes to safeguard maternal and fetal health.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have identified a small molecule drug that targets a specific serotonin receptor, showing promise as a treatment for sarcopenia. The study suggests that this neurotherapeutic can improve muscle strength by activating motor neurons to fire more effectively.
A new AI prediction model, UNAFIED, uses machine learning to predict whether a patient has or might develop detectable AFib within two years. The non-invasive approach provides a practical option for proactive screening of patients at elevated risk for AFib.
A study of nearly 900 postmenopausal women found an association between perimenopausal symptom burden and later cognitive function and behavioral impairment. Women with higher menopausal symptom burdens were more likely to experience poorer cognitive function and mild behavioral impairments, both markers of dementia.
A recent study found an association between chronic stress and an increased risk of stroke in younger women, but not men. The study, which looked at 426 participants aged 18-49 who experienced an ischemic stroke with no known cause, found that moderate stress levels were associated with a 78% increased risk of stroke.
A recent study published in Psychiatry Research found that children exposed to their mother's cannabis use during pregnancy and after birth are three times more likely to develop behavioural problems. The research analysed data from over 222,600 Australian mothers and children, revealing a significant increase in the risk of childhood ...
A global genetic study has discovered new links between predicted height and diseases, including mental disorders and the endocrine system. The research used data from diverse ancestries and found significant associations that could improve early diagnosis and patient care.
Patients undergoing surgery immediately before a weekend experienced significantly higher risks of postoperative complications, hospital readmissions, and death compared to those treated after the weekend. The study emphasizes the need for improved care quality regardless of the day of the week.
A recent study by Washington University in St. Louis explores the potential of large language models to predict postoperative complications from preoperative assessments and clinical notes. The work shows that specialized LLMs can significantly outperform traditional machine learning methods in forecasting postoperative risks.
A survey reveals that most people are unaware of HPV's impact on cancer risk and its spread. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is more common among men than women, and the virus is associated with rising rates of oropharyngeal cancers, which can take years to develop after initial infection.
Research reveals nearly 10% of individuals with disabilities misused prescription drugs in the past year, compared to 4.4% without disabilities. Young adults and those with cognitive disabilities are particularly vulnerable to prescription drug misuse.
Research identifies six clusters of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with varying pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. These clusters may enable personalized risk prognosis and treatment through lifestyle modification programs and targeted therapies.
Research from Keck School of Medicine of USC found that mothers with high prenatal psychosocial stress and depressive symptoms developed higher blood pressure during the first year postpartum. Social cohesion during pregnancy was also associated with lower blood pressure, suggesting a protective factor.
Oregon Health & Science University researchers found that maternal THC consumption can decrease lung volume in developing fetuses and alter lung gene expression. This study is the first to examine the effects of prenatal cannabis exposure on offspring respiratory health, raising concerns for potential long-term impacts.
A new study found that people seeking emergency care for hallucinogen use were at a 2.6-fold higher risk of death within 5 years compared to the general population. The increased risk was highest among individuals with medical comorbidities and those from low-income neighborhoods.
A study published in The Lancet found that tocolytic drugs after 30 weeks of pregnancy do not improve the baby's health. Premature birth often has a medical cause and delaying childbirth may actually be harmful.
A nationwide study found that COVID-19 hospital patients experienced a higher rate of deaths from any cause and were more likely to be hospitalized for specific conditions, particularly neurological and respiratory problems. The study also identified increased risks of chronic health complications up to 30 months after discharge.
Research finds over 25% of Egyptian milk and dairy products contain E. coli, with one strain causing a Japanese school outbreak; experts hope for effective treatment and prevention methods.
The study found that the prevalence of adults with diabetes did not significantly change between 2013 and 2023. However, glycemic control among those with diagnosed disease worsened, particularly among young adults. This trend is concerning due to its potential impact on lifetime risk of cardiovascular events.
A nationwide study found that patients with alcoholic liver disease have a significantly higher risk of developing colorectal cancer. The study highlights the importance of comprehensive CRC screening and risk stratification based on new consensus-based definitions of liver disease.
A cohort study of 46,000 US residents found nearly two-thirds had suboptimal 5-year sleep duration trajectories, associated with increased risk of mortality. Maintaining healthy sleep duration is crucial for reducing mortality risk in this population.
Research highlights differences in genetic risk of schizophrenia between men and women, with men showing a specific association with positive schizotypy traits. The study suggests that environmental factors may modulate the expression of genetic risk differently in men and women.
Scientists found that parts of human chromosomes have evolved rapidly to enable complex brain development in humans. However, this acceleration may also lead to neurodevelopmental disorders like autism. The study used artificial neurons derived from human and chimpanzee cell lines.
Researchers found female physicians had a 53% higher suicide risk compared to females in the general population, highlighting the need for comprehensive suicide prevention strategies. The study suggests that factors such as under-recognition, inequitable pay, and work-life imbalance may contribute to this increased risk.
A study by Florida Atlantic University investigated how removing dead wood could reduce wildfire risks and enhance carbon storage. The research found that combining physical harvesting with thinning significantly reduced wildfire risks, while lowering carbon emissions and offering carbon sequestration through products like biochar.
A new study discovered rare gene variants in Asian Indian people that increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes, providing a window into targeted treatment. The findings suggest that these variants can be used to create personalized medications that target specific proteins or pathways.
Veterans with access to firearms, suicidal thinking, and history of mental health inpatient stays had highest risk of dying by suicide after receiving a CSRE assessment. The study found that even after going through the CSRE process, these veterans were more likely to die by suicide.
A new study of 2,900 patients with lupus pericarditis found that using corticosteroids increases the risk of recurring pericarditis. The study suggests minimizing corticosteroid use and exploring alternative treatments to reduce recurrence rates.
Regular psychological health screening during pregnancy and postpartum may improve maternal cardiovascular health outcomes. Integrating comprehensive mental health support into perinatal care is essential to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term cardiovascular risks.
A new Emory University study reveals that childhood trauma can physically alter the hearts of Black women, leading to worse vascular function and a higher risk of heart disease. Women are more vulnerable to this effect due to different forms of trauma exposure.
A University of Turku study reveals that mothers' weight and diet during pregnancy influence their child's motor skills up to age 5-6. Children of overweight or obese mothers are almost three times more likely to develop a developmental coordination disorder, highlighting the importance of healthy prenatal nutrition.
A new mathematical model developed at the University of Waterloo can determine a baby's overall drug exposure when their mother is taking medication, specifically Levetiracetam. The probability of negative effects on a breastfeeding infant is very low for typically prescribed doses.
A new study found that interventions before, during, and after abdominal surgery did not reduce the severity of lung complications in patients compared to usual care. Lung function can make recovery more difficult and increase the risk of serious complications.
A new study published in The Lancet Digital Health found that accelerated ageing in specific organs can predict diseases across the entire body. Organ ageing rates were linked to increased risks of various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, respiratory infections, and dementia.
A new University of Cincinnati trial is comparing two types of omega-3 supplements, LPC-DHA and TAG-DHA, to slow or prevent dementia progression in elderly adults. Researchers aim to investigate whether LPC-DHA supplementation increases CSF DHA levels and improves cognitive function.
A cohort study found no increase in sudden cardiac arrest/sudden cardiac death among young competitive athletes in the US, contradicting reports that linked COVID-19 infection and vaccination to the risk. The study suggests that many athlete cases shown in social media videos occurred before the pandemic, not due to COVID-19.
Researchers found that negative early life experiences can lead to delayed brain development in adolescents, increasing vulnerability to mental health disorders. The study suggests brain connectivity rather than cognitive control behavior is a stronger predictor of future substance use.
Researchers developed a frailty index using electronic health record data from over 500,000 patients, identifying those at high risk of adverse health outcomes. The tool classifies patients as robust, pre-frail, frail or very frail based on age-related health deficits.