Articles tagged with Hormones
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A landmark survey of 1,006 mothers found that only 24% discussed their decision to stop childbearing with their OB/GYNs. Women were largely unaware of non-surgical permanent birth control methods like the Essure procedure, which has a 99.8% effectiveness rate.
UCLA researchers developed a new therapy based on small molecules that mimic the effects of hepcidin, a hormone regulating iron flow in the body. The findings could lead to new drugs to help prevent iron overload conditions.
A study from Arizona State University found that the hormone medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in Depo Provera shots impairs memory in rodents. The researchers also measured GABA's impact on brain function, which may contribute to memory loss.
A study of 50 overweight adults found that hormone levels influencing hunger changed after initial weight loss, leading to weight regain within a year. The research suggests that addressing hunger and considering pharmacotherapy or hormone manipulation may be key to preventing relapse.
A Mayo Clinic study finds that nine out of ten commercially available thyroid support supplements contain animal-derived hormones, posing a risk to users' health. The supplements can cause significant side effects, including increased heart rate and nervousness, if taken in excess.
The NIST team uses analytical ultracentrifugation to simultaneously sort and measure light absorption of nanoparticle clusters by size. This allows for the measurement of individual cluster sizes without being confounded by other components, enabling more accurate experiments in EHS and biosensors research.
Researchers discovered that a combination of two gut hormones, PYY and GLP-1, can reduce food intake and appetite by deceiving the brain. This finding has significant implications for obesity therapy and could lead to the development of a daily pill that promotes healthy eating.
Foals weaned in the presence of other mares show reduced stress levels and adapt faster to life without their mothers. Weaning methods can significantly impact stress hormone levels in foals, with gradual separation showing less stress than abrupt removal.
Scientists have created compounds that can force corn earworms out of dormancy prematurely, prevent them from entering diapause, or block its termination. This could lead to effective tools for controlling pests and reducing agricultural losses estimated at $2 billion annually in the US.
Researchers at Penn State discovered that a viral gene in gypsy moths manipulates their hormones to induce continuous eating and prevent molting, causing them to climb and die on treetops. This behavior enhances transmission of the virus to new hosts.
Researchers at OHSU's ONPRC have developed a new contraceptive that directly targets the key enzymes responsible for releasing an egg from the ovary. This approach aims to prevent pregnancy while minimizing systemic effects and improving effectiveness compared to existing hormonal birth control methods.
Research suggests that sex hormones play a significant role in shaping women's career interests. Females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia exhibit more interest in STEM careers due to increased androgen exposure, while those without the condition prefer people-oriented jobs.
Scientists at Thomas Jefferson University found that silencing the hormone receptor GCC affects appetite in mice, inducing obesity, while mice expressing the receptor know when to stop eating. This new neural-gut axis provides a potential therapeutic target for controlling appetite and obesity.
Researchers have identified a potential new target for treating obesity by studying the molecular control of appetite in mice. Nutrient intake triggers the secretion of uroguanylin, which is then converted to uroguanylin and binds to GUCY2C receptors, leading to decreased food intake.
Researchers pinpointed a novel mechanism involving β-arrestin-1, β2-adrenoreceptors, and catecholamines in chronic stress-induced DNA damage, which can lead to various disorders including cancer, aging, and neuropsychiatric conditions.
New study reveals that programmed cell death is involved in mandibular regression in termites. During termite development, body form and structure change, including the formation of defensive organs like the nasus and regressed mouth parts.
A team of geneticists at IRCM discovered that the pituitary gland's secreting cells form highly-structured networks. These networks allow cells to recognize and exchange signals, supporting hormone balance and function.
Scientists have identified molecular differences between disease-indicating proteins and those that exist naturally, enabling the development of reliable diagnostic tests. This breakthrough could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of fatal diseases, such as cancer.
A large-scale study by the University of Michigan found a link between phthalates and BPA exposure and decreased thyroid hormone levels in adults. The study suggests that exposure to these chemicals may have significant health implications, particularly for fetal and child development.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that BMC conducts a high rate of thyroid function testing in pregnant women. The study detected approximately 80 percent of cases of mild hypothyroidism that may have gone undiagnosed without routine testing.
A University of Florida study shows that singing mice choose mates based on their vocal prowess, which is reflected in the quality of their trills. The researchers found that faster singers are preferred by females, and even the sex hormones of males can affect their singing abilities.
A blood test for AMH can help predict IVF success, with women having higher AMH levels yielding more eggs and a higher rate of pregnancy. The study found that women with low AMH levels had an average of six eggs harvested, while those with higher levels had around 20.
A study by Dutch researchers has found that a hormone level test can predict when women will reach menopause, enabling them to make informed decisions about family planning and career choices. The test uses Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels to determine an individual's predicted age of menopause.
Researchers found that ghrelin enhances odor detection and exploratory sniffing in both rats and human subjects. The study suggests a link between ghrelin and the natural regulation of metabolism and body weight.
The Endocrine Society released a new Clinical Practice Guideline for the evaluation and treatment of pituitary incidentalomas. The guideline recommends a complete history and physical examination, including visual field examinations if necessary, for patients with a pituitary incidentaloma.
A recent study found that mice with low ghrelin levels in their mothers experienced impaired uterine development, leading to reduced fertility. Female children of obese women may be more likely to struggle with reproductive issues as adults.
A gene variation passed on by mothers to their sons makes them vulnerable to fetal alcohol exposure, disrupting thyroid hormone balance and causing behavioral deficits. Researchers propose dietary supplements to reverse or fix enzyme dosage in the brain, potentially treating FASD.
A small clinical trial suggests traditional Chinese acupuncture can curb the severity of menopausal hot flushes and other symptoms. The treatment showed cumulative benefits, with significant improvements in somatic and psychological symptoms but minimal impact on urogenital symptoms.
New research suggests that increasing vitamin D3 supplies through sunlight exposure may be a safe and effective therapy for Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Studies found that patients with the highest vitamin D3 supplies experienced fewer attacks and slower disease progression.
Researchers found that Klotho hormone levels are low in patients with chronic kidney disease, which can lead to serious side effects. Restoring adequate Klotho levels improved renal function and reduced vascular calcification in mice with CKD.
Australian scientists successfully cleared a HIV-like infection from mice by boosting interleukin-7's function, allowing the host to completely clear virus. This finding could lead to new therapies targeting host immune cells to fight disease.
Scientists found that birds' hormone levels, particularly corticosterone and prolactin, play a crucial role in determining their reproductive success. Birds with low corticosterone values before breeding raised the most offspring, while those with high prolactin levels started laying eggs earlier and produced more offspring.
Researchers have isolated a key hormone that allows the Phytophthora fungi to reproduce and developed a synthetic version of this hormone. This breakthrough could lead to an effective method to combat this ancient scourge, which has caused devastating potato crop failures and food shortages globally.
Scientists have developed a technique to freeze the adrenaline receptor in one position, allowing them to determine its structure and develop new or better drugs. This breakthrough has significant prospects for medicine, particularly for treating asthma and heart disease, as well as understanding other GPCRs.
Scientists at Virginia Tech have identified a critical step in juvenile hormone signaling, which could lead to more targeted mosquito controls. The discovery of a protein partner for the juvenile hormone receptor has significant implications for understanding insect development and reproductive maturation.
A University of Michigan-led study found that depressed mothers' bodies may play a role in the development of their unborn children's brains. Babies born to depressed moms had higher levels of stress hormones and decreased muscle tone, but also showed signs of neurological maturity.
Researchers have isolated a key hormone, alpha-1, that allows Phytophthora to reproduce, leading to extensive damage to food crops and ornamental plants. The synthesis of a synthetic version of the hormone offers a promising basis for developing an effective method to control the fungus.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that the adrenal gland hormone aldosterone increases activity in the nervous system that raises blood pressure. The research suggests that treating hypertension requires targeting not just the kidneys but also the sympathetic nervous system.
A new study reveals that the protein T-cadherin is necessary for adiponectin's cardioprotective functions. Adiponectin activates AMPK, which regulates energy usage in the cell. The absence of T-cadherin leads to impaired AMPK activity and increased cardiac damage.
A Manchester-based research team has been awarded a £1.24M Wellcome Trust grant to investigate the control of genes in response to hormonal changes and inflammation. The five-year study aims to understand how tissues regulate their own functions and develop new treatments for pituitary tumours.
A study of Caribbean families found that genetic factors influence aldosterone production and blood pressure in individuals of African descent. Genetic data revealed a strong association between aldosterone levels and diastolic blood pressure readings.
A new study published in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism has found that high levels of the stress hormone cortisol are strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death among both healthy individuals and those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. The study, which evaluated ov...
Researchers found that hormonal changes play a significant role in enabling the crabs to make their journey. The Crustacean Hyperglycaemic Hormone (CHH) enables the efficient use of stored energy and its conversion to glucose to fuel the migration.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a link between anti-TPO antibodies and placental abruption in pregnant women. The study of over 17,000 women found that antibody-positive women were three times as likely to experience placental separation during labor.
Researchers at Michigan State University have identified a stress hormone in the sea lamprey, which is believed to be one of the earliest forms of cortisol. This discovery provides insights into the evolution of the endocrine system in vertebrates and has implications for understanding human physiology.
New research finds that obese men are less sensitive to fat taste and have impaired gut hormone release, leading to overeating. The study suggests a possible link between high-fat diets and reduced physiological responses to fat, paving the way for further investigation.
Researchers at UH are studying 'wireless connections' in the brain to prevent diseases like epilepsy and schizophrenia. They found that liver X receptor β and thyroid hormone receptor α play key roles in brain development and regulation.
A study found that ghrelin hormone increases the appeal of high-calorie foods over low-calorie foods, suggesting a potential mechanism for weight loss. Ghrelin levels may help regulate calorie intake by altering food preferences during fasting periods.
Research suggests that female brains are more responsive to low levels of a key stress hormone and less able to adapt to high levels compared to male brains. This may help explain the higher incidence of depression, PTSD, and other anxiety disorders among women.
Researchers used systems biology approaches to study how hematopoietic cells react to high levels of erythropoietin. They found that the cells rapidly take up and break down the hormone, replenishing their receptors in a continuous process. This understanding may lead to developing more effective anemia treatments.
A study on preschoolers in licensed day care homes found that children's cortisol levels increase when they are in care, exceeding home levels. Cortisol increases are larger in day care homes where providers are overcontrolling.
A study demonstrated the transfer of maternal thyroid hormones to the fetus in vivo, critical for fetal development. This finding clarifies indirect evidence of maternal thyroid hormone passage to the fetus during pregnancy, with significant implications for the development of the nervous system and overall quality of life.
Researchers at U-M have solved a long-standing mystery about how insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) work on muscle cells. IGFs promote either muscle cell differentiation or division, depending on oxygen availability.
A small study shows eprotirome decreases LDL cholesterol as much as doubling statin dose without harmful side effects. The researchers found that eprotirome lowered blood lipids such as triglycerides and Lp(a), which are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that brain function slows in individuals with type-2 diabetes and high stress hormone cortisol levels. Higher cortisol levels have been associated with cognitive decline in this population.
A UCLA study of U.S. Civil War veterans reveals that strong unit cohesion provides a protective effect against stress-related illnesses, with men from cohesive companies living up to six years longer than those from uncohesive ones.
A recent study found that early life stress can predict an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Researchers used a proven model of chronic behavioral stress on rat pups and found that animals with early life stress had increased blood pressure and inflammation in their blood vessel walls upon reaching adulthood.
Researchers found that prolactin reduces levels of BCL6, an oncogene linked to poorly differentiated breast cancer. Prolactin's role is mediated by Stat5a, which may lead to better diagnostic tests and new treatment options for aggressive breast cancers.
Researchers found a solid statistical link between higher concentrations of PFOA in blood and thyroid disease in adults. Individuals with the highest PFOA concentrations were more than twice as likely to report current thyroid disease.
A new research at Rhode Island Hospital has identified a treatment for glioblastomas, a deadly brain tumor that offers a poor prognosis and relatively short life expectancy. Using a synthetic form of a naturally-occurring hormone combined with chemotherapy, researchers achieved a 25 percent cure rate in animal models.