Articles tagged with Microrna
A new study reveals that two specific genes in the RNA interference pathway play a crucial role in preventing virus transmission from parent to progeny in plants. This discovery could lead to healthier crops and potentially reduce the transmission of diseases like Zika from mothers to human children.
A highly accurate diagnostic blood test has been developed for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The test requires only a simple blood draw and can distinguish between ALS patients and healthy controls with an overall accuracy of up to 98%.
Researchers from Japan have discovered that Exportin-5 interacts with a broader spectrum of RNAs, including tRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and specific mRNAs. This study sheds light on the unique roles of Exp5 in RNA export within Drosophila cells.
Researchers at HSE University discovered that the microRNA overexpression method may produce incorrect results due to errors in Dicer enzyme cleavage. This can lead to the formation of miRNA isoforms that target unintended genes, resulting in inaccurate conclusions about molecular mechanisms.
Researchers from University of Maryland discovered RNA mechanisms that can lead to more effective and durable RNA-based drug treatments for conditions like high cholesterol, liver diseases, and cancers. The study highlighted the need to consider drug resistance when developing these treatments.
Researchers developed a lipid nanoparticle formulated miR-193a-3p mimic that enhances T cell mediated immune responses and induces immunogenic cell death in tumors. This study demonstrates the potential of this therapy to prolong animal survival and reduce metastasis, offering new hope for cancer treatment.
A research team has identified novel biomarkers in cervical mucus samples that show high diagnostic power for detecting cervical cancer. The findings suggest that analyzing local expression levels may offer a superior diagnostic strategy, potentially reducing the need for invasive procedures.
A University of Vienna research team has developed a new generation of RNA building blocks for high-density microarrays, significantly reducing production time. This breakthrough enables faster synthesis and analysis of RNA molecules, opening up new opportunities for medical research and non-invasive diagnostics.
MicroRNAs regulate liver regeneration by controlling gene expression associated with cell proliferation and liver repair. Recent studies identify new potential molecular targets for diagnosing and treating liver diseases, highlighting the therapeutic potential of miRNA-based therapies.
Researchers discovered a key process in plant biology that can improve crops' ability to withstand environmental stressors. The study provides guidelines for designing artificial microRNAs, opening the door to improved crop yields in corn, wheat, soybeans, and rice.
Cadmium toxicity is associated with miRNA dysregulation, influencing disease progression. Research highlights specific miRNAs as biomarkers for Cd exposure and health effects.
The study reveals that non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, play a crucial role in regulating the Notch signaling pathway in breast cancer. These molecules can modulate gene expression and affect cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
The study reveals that the TAL1-microRNA axis is involved in the development and progression of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The inappropriate expression of TAL1 leads to the downregulation of tumor suppressor miR-146b-5p, enhancing invasive properties of leukemia cells.
Researchers found that mulberry microRNAs can shape silkworm development and phenotypes by influencing gene expression in recipient animals. This study reveals the previously unrecognized role of plant-derived miRNAs as environmental determinants of animal development.
Researchers developed a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing approach to target and disrupt a specific mutation causing progressive hearing loss. The study found robust preservation of auditory function, with earlier intervention proving most optimal.
A study reveals distinct miRNA expression profiles in apple tissues under attack by Valsa mali, highlighting key miRNAs like Mdo-miR482a that target NLR genes and enhance the plant's resistance. The research also demonstrates cross-kingdom interactions between fungal milRNAs and apple genes.
Researchers at Arizona State University created a detailed map of the 3'UTR regions of RNA in C. elegans, revealing crucial elements for gene regulation and protein production. The study provides valuable insights into the machinery of gene control, shedding light on fundamental biological processes essential to human health and disease.
Researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine will investigate how injured heart cells communicate with other cells throughout the body using microvesicles known as exosomes. The study aims to understand how specific molecules, such as microRNAs, facilitate communication pathways between cells in the heart and vasculature.
A study published in Gut reveals that specific bacteria in the gut are involved in compulsive eating and obesity, with a beneficial bacterium called Blautia showing protective effects. The research also highlights the role of microRNAs in food addiction and suggests potential new treatments involving beneficial bacteria and dietary sup...
A research team from Göttingen University has discovered that antisense RNA (asRNA) plays a crucial role in cell transport, allowing cells to accelerate gene expression and produce proteins quickly in response to environmental stress or harm. This new understanding sheds light on the function of asRNAs and their potential link to disea...
A new study from the University of Oklahoma found that measuring circulating microRNAs is likely as effective as measuring blood sugar levels in determining how young people with type 2 diabetes will fare. The study also found a 20% decrease in beta cell function during the first six months of treatment.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a method to improve adoptive T-cell therapy using nanowires to deliver therapeutic miRNA to naïve T-cells. This approach retains the cells' naïve state, making them more effective disease fighters when infused back into patients.
Researchers found that metformin increases levels of microRNAs miR-2110 and miR-132-3p, targeting genes PIK3R3 and STMN1 to slow down cancer cell growth and division. This study provides new insights into metformin's molecular mechanisms and its potential as a preventive agent for reducing cancer growth.
A team of researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology has developed a new type of computational RNA droplet that can perform logical AND operations using microRNA sequences. These programmable droplets have the potential to be used in various applications, including biomolecular sensing and artificial cells.
The study investigates the anticancer potential of CLK kinase inhibitors 1C8 and GPS167, which inhibit CLOCK kinases and affect cancer cell proliferation. The compounds also alter the expression and alternative splicing of transcripts involved in EMT and antiviral immune response.
A recent study reveals that a cellular process called transfer Ribonucleic acid (tRNA) modification influences the malaria parasite’s ability to develop resistance. This breakthrough discovery could help researchers develop new drugs to combat resistance and better tools for studying RNA modifications.
A new biomarker, miR-519a-3p, has been discovered to detect Alzheimer's disease in its asymptomatic stages. The molecule is linked to the expression of cellular prion protein, which is deregulated in people with neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found a shared triple network of long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and messenger RNAs that exacerbates Parkinson's disease symptoms in the context of COVID-19 infection. The study identified key genes and lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for PD diagnosis and progression.
Researchers identified elevated MALAT1 levels in various blood cancers, correlating with adverse outcomes. MALAT1 promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis through multiple mechanisms.
Researchers investigate link between HPV vaccination and autoimmune disorder anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Cases associated with HPV vaccination have been reported, but underlying mechanism unclear. The study uses phylogenetic analysis of microRNA biomarkers to explore this association.
Researchers investigated the role of microRNAs in regulating cardiomyocyte injury after coronary microembolization. They found that changes in miRNA levels decrease myocardial autophagy and worsen cardiac prognosis. This study suggests a potential strategic pathway for therapeutic intervention in CME management.
Researchers discovered that tiny RNA molecules play a decisive role in the complex interaction of attack and defence strategies when bacteria are infected with bacteriophages. The study found that these RNA molecules regulate phage genes as well as host genes, effectively explaining the destruction of bacterial cells.
Researchers developed a sensitive one-pot isothermal detection method based on rolling circle amplification (RCA) for rapid detection of miRNAs. The ROA assay achieves high sensitivity, accurately detecting miRNA levels as low as 6pM, and shows excellent specificity towards single nucleotide mismatches.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have created a chip that can directly isolate blood plasma from a tube of blood in just 30 minutes, removing over 99.9% of blood cells and platelets. The device, called ExoArc, enables high-quality plasma for disease screening and research, improving diagnosis accuracy and reducing waiting times.
A novel microfluidic device system has been developed for rapid miRNA detection, enabling early diagnosis of plant stress. The device detected artificially synthesized miR399c and endogenous miRNAs in tomatoes under phosphorus-deficient conditions, demonstrating its potential for point-of-care diagnostics.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a novel approach to target group 3 medulloblastoma tumors in mice, reducing tumor growth by 40-50% and extending survival by up to 84 days. The therapy uses antisense oligonucleotides to block lnc-HLX-2-7 from binding to the HLX promoter region.
Researchers at John Innes Centre used cryo-EM to visualize the structural architecture of chloroplast RNA polymerase and build a detailed atomic model. The study reveals new insights into transcription, a fundamental step in making photosynthetic proteins, and how these proteins interact with DNA and mRNA.
A study by Brazilian researchers reveals that bixin, a carotenoid pigment extracted from annatto tree seeds, is also present in other organs. Genetic analysis and modifications found increased production of the pigment in the adult phase and linked to stress-related hormone abscisic acid.
Cadmium exposure from cigarette smoke can lead to increased ANO1 expression in airway epithelial cells, exacerbating COPD. MicroRNA-381 negatively regulates ANO1, but its downregulation by cadmium could worsen disease severity.
Researchers discovered that microRNA-29 can restore normal skin structure rather than producing a scar, promoting faster and more efficient wound healing. The release of microRNA-29 targets, particularly LAMC2, is crucial in this process, suggesting a potential new approach for treating large-area or deep wounds.
A gene expression atlas has been developed to map the complex cellular and molecular interactions that drive ovulation in mice. The findings reveal a previously unknown layer of selection that determines which follicles will release eggs, and highlight the importance of early differentiation markers for fertility management.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered that toxic short RNAs contribute to neuron death and DNA damage in Alzheimer's disease. Studies found that older individuals with superior memories have higher amounts of protective short RNA strands in their brains.
Research finds that changes in mouse sperm microRNAs caused by aging may affect offspring growth and development, increasing the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism. The study's findings add to growing literature on paternal aging and its impact on offspring health.
Plant scientists have discovered a sophisticated RNA defense system that plants use to attack gray mold cells, sending mRNA molecules that disrupt fungal cellular processes. This innovative approach could lead to the development of eco-friendly fungicides with minimal environmental impact and no harm to humans or animals.
Researchers discovered a mechanism that creates DNA palindromes and new microRNA genes from noncoding sequences, explaining the origin of small regulatory genes. The study found that this process can create novel genes, potentially affecting human health.
Researchers found correlations between flaxseed diets and changes in the gut microbiome and mammary gland miRNA profiles. Flaxseed lignans were shown to modify the relationship between the microbiota and miRNAs to be non-cancer causing.
Researchers found a significant increase in extracellular vesicles released by aged keratinocytes, which were also enriched with specific microRNAs. These EVs impaired young keratinocyte proliferation and organogenesis, mimicking aged skin defects.
Researchers from Japan have discovered a novel targeted molecular therapy using microRNA-451a to suppress the progression of gemcitabine-resistant biliary tract cancers. The study found that miR-451a significantly diminished cell proliferation, induced cell death, and reduced chemoresistance in cancer cells.
Researchers at RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences have developed a material that can speed up bone healing while reducing the risk of infections. The implant combines antimicrobial treatment with gene therapies to repair bone and prevent infection.
Researchers developed a technique to capture extracellular vesicles using sustainable wood cellulose-based nanofiber sheets, revealing new insights into cancer treatment. The technology has the potential to revolutionize early cancer diagnosis and open up personalized medicine.
Researchers have identified a specific microRNA molecule, miR-206, that plays a key role in atherosclerosis. By blocking its action, they were able to prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in mouse models and human cells. This discovery opens up new avenues for targeted therapies.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 alters mitochondria on a genetic level, leading to widespread 'energy outages' throughout the body and its major organs. This affects the heart, brain, and lungs, contributing to long COVID symptoms.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism by which phages evade CRISPR-Cas immune systems in bacteria, revealing a potential approach to make gene editing safer and more efficient. This discovery could lead to the development of bespoke anti-CRISPRs to neutralize CRISPR-Cas systems and provide an alternative to antibiotics.
Researchers developed a method using microRNA and messenger RNA to identify five common human body fluids at crime scenes. The combined mRNA and miRNA system showed significant advantages over previous methods, providing a scientific reference for RNA-based body fluid identifications.
The study reveals the genetic regulatory network underlying poplar leaf development, highlighting key transcription factors and miRNAs involved in leaf growth and senescence. The researchers identified a core regulatory network centered around MYB5, which plays a crucial role in regulating pigment synthesis and leaf development.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have identified a small strand of microRNA called let-7 as crucial in governing the formation of cellular memories that enable T-cells to recognize and attack tumor cells. This discovery offers new insights into how vaccines work and could lead to improved cancer therapies by boosting cellular memory.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect microRNA targets at the level of single cells, allowing for detailed study of gene regulation. This breakthrough enables researchers to follow microRNA targeting of thousands of RNAs during biological processes, revealing surprising complexity in each cell.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have developed a modified messenger RNA that can temporarily induce cardiomyocyte cell division, leading to reduced infarct size and improved heart function. The treatment has shown promise in mouse and pig models without increasing the risk of deadly arrhythmias.
Researchers found that cold exposure increases the secretion of miR-378a-3p by brown adipose tissue, which stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis. This process is essential for regulating whole-body glucose homeostasis during cold stress.
Researchers developed a targeted microRNA therapy that slowed cancer tumor growth in a 21-day study. The therapy, which combines a delivery system with modified microRNA-34a, suppressed the activity of genes driving cancer and resistance to other therapies.